Disease resistance of pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) fed with beta-glucan

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Praziquantel, levamisol e diflubenzuron no controle de Dolops carvalhoi (Crustacea: Branchiura) e Anacanthorus penilabiatus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) em Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (Osteichthyes: Characidae)

Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a eficácia antiparasitária do praziquantel, levamisol e diflubenzuron administrados via oral, adicionados à ração, para pacus (Piaractus mesopotamicus) infectados por Anacanthorus penilabiatus e Dolops carvalhoi. Foram utilizadas 19 caixas d'água de 300 L de capacidade, comportando 28 peixes cada. Os tratamentos foram feitos misturando os princípios ativos nas dietas. A intensidade parasitária e eficácia foram avaliadas 1 dia antes e 3, 7 e 15 dias após o início da alimentação com ração contendo diflubenzuron, levamisol e praziquantel isolados ou associados em diferentes concentrações por 7 dias. Os resultados da eficácia terapêutica sugerem que, isoladamente ou associado com levamisol e praziquantel, o diflubenzuron é eficiente contra o crustáceo D. carvalhoi, demonstrando que a eficácia dos tratamentos nos dias 3, 7 e 15 variou de 96,2 a 100%. Contra os monogenóides, as drogas não apresentaram eficácia satisfatória. Os resultados sugerem o uso do diflubenzuron para o controle de D. cavalhoi em peixes de cativeiro e em condições de quarentenário.

A 'Female Columbus' in 1887 America: Marking New Social Territory

As a self-styled 'female Columbus', E. Catherine Bates took a transcontinental journey across North America with a woman companion in the late 1880s and, on her return to England, published A Year in the Great Republic . This paper, following critical theory approaches to the study of travel writing, explores the ways in which several of Bates's many-layered social identities as a woman of the British e lite class came to the fore in her travel narrative. I argue that Bates constructed her narrative primarily around her shifting gender identities- as 'feminine' and 'feminist'- and suggest that imperialistic writing was less apparent because she was travelling to a place that had an 'empire-to-empire' rather than a 'colony-to-empire', relationship to Britain during its 'Age of Empire'. In this paper I am searching for a middle ground between what I have termed 'modernist' interpretations of women's travel writing and the more recent post-structural interpretations. I make the case that Victorian women travellers' revisionist commentary on gender roles, as well as their observations of domestic scenes, should remain in focus as we continue to mark them for historical study.

OPTIMIZING A SHORT-END ELECTROPHORETICALLY MEDIATED MICRO-ANALYSIS (EMMA) ASSAY FOR CREATININE

In this work electrophoretically mediated micro-analysis (EMMA) is used in conjunction with short end injection to improve the in-capillary Jaffé assay for creatinine. Key advances over prior work include (i) using simulation to ensure intimate overlap of reagent plugs, (ii) using OH- to drive the reaction, (iii) using short-end injection to minimize analysis time and in-line product degradation. The potential-driven overlapping time with the EMMA approach, as well as the borate buffer background electrolyte (BGE) concentration and pH are optimized with the short end approach. The best conditions for short-end analyses would not have been predicted by the prior long end work, owing to a complex interplay of separation time and product degradation rates. Raw peak areas and flow-adjusted peak areas for the Jaffé reaction product (at 505 nm) are used to assess the sensitivity of the short-end EMMA approach. Optimal overlap conditions depend heavily on local conductivity differences within the reagent zone(s), as these differences cause dramatic voltage field differences, which effect reagent overlap dynamics. Simul 5.0, a dynamic simulation program for capillary electrophoresis (CE) systems, is used to understand the ionic boundaries and profiles that give rise to the experimentally obtained data for EMMA analysis. Overall, fast migration of hydroxide ions from the picrate zone makes difficult reagent overlap. In addition, the challenges associated with the simultaneous overlapping of three reagent zones are considered, and experimental results validate the predictions made by the simulation. With one set of “optimized” conditions including OH- (253 mM) as the third reagent zone the response was linear with creatinine concentration (R2 = 0.998) and reproducible over the clinically relevant range (0.08 to 0.1 mM) of standard creatinine concentrations. An LOD (S/N = 3) of 0.02 mM and LOQ (S/N=10) of 0.08 mM were determined. A significant improvement (43%) in assay sensitivity was obtained compared to prior work that considered only two reagents in the overlap.

Der fortschreitende Rabbinismus! : Zum 25-jährigen Landesrabbiner-Jubiläum des ... Lazarus Adler in Cassel, 20. Mai 1877

von Emanuel Schreiber

An die deutschen Juden

von M. Lazarus