International governmental agencies and career guidance

The international Organization for Economic Cooperation and Develop-ment (OECD), like many national and international organizations concerned with economic development believes that career guidance has an important role in promoting the development of a country's human resources. (Mapping the future: Young People and career guidance OECD, 1996). Generally the economic development agencies always recommend that career guidance services should be strengthened. Too frequently, however, they do not recognize the difficulties facing counselor in the schools and do not give clear and specific recommendations, yet they appear to believe that the education or other au thorities who are responsible to guidance will quickly agree and provide more resources for guidance. In addition to economic development agencies, social and educational development agencies also make important recommendations concerning the provision of guidance services. UNESCO, for example, has published two re- cent reports (Policies and Guidelines for Educational and Vocational Guidelines for Equal Access and Opportunity for Girls and Women in Technical and Vocational Education.) It is interesting to compare the OECD and UNESCO rec- ommendations and note that the relative strengths of each set of recommenda- tions, and to imagine how they might be combined in advocating changes in policies and programs.

A intervenção psicológica em orientação da carreira como medida preventiva de comportamentos adaptativos: dados de um estudo com estudantes universitários

Numa perspectiva de desenvolvimento pessoal, a intervenção psicológica em orientação não só posiciona o indivíduo nos vários papéis que desempenha, como faz apelo à vivência do passado e procura aumentar a orientação para o futuro através do planeamento e exploração da carreira. É com ênfase neste tipo de abordagem que se procura intervir junto de várias faixas etárias em diferentes fases e subfases do desenvolvimento da carreira. Apresentam-se dados obtidos numa investigação levada a cabo com estudantes dos primeiros anos de diferentes cursos e estabelecimentos do ensino superior.

Career Guidance: Challenges for the New Century under an International Perspective

This paper is dedicated to key issues of the actual challenges in all societies regardless their developmental level and how the international guidance community is coping with these challenges. It deals with the importance of guidance in a changing society, quality assurance, access to services and qualification of guidance practitioners under an international perspective.

Careers guidance: an international perspective

The rationales for comparative studies of guidance systems are outlined. The key differences between guidance systems in different countries can be related to stage of economic development, to the political system, to social and cultural factors, to the education and training system, and to professional and organisational structures. The competing pressures towards convergence and divergence between guidance systems are explored.

Profile in occupational counselling and placement and employment services: social policies axis

This paper presents the gestation of a new model of Occupational Counselling, centred in the joint action of State, Third Sector and Private Organizations. Different programmes are identified which involve the treatment of issues related to Labour, Employment and Education within the framework of objectives of social development, community participation and respect for diversity. The data of the investigation make it possible to establish connections between the tasks, professional profiles and professional training of the counsellors who participate in the different programmes.

Today's woman : Looking for new proyects. Vocational/Occupational Counselling for middle-aged women

Fil: Chá, Rita Teresita. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Transición escuela-universidad

En este trabajo se presentan resultados parciales de una investigación en el área de Orientación Vocacional Ocupacional de la Universidad Nacional de San Luis, sobre el tema "Transición Escuela-Universidad", en el que se ofrece información, obtenida a través de una encuesta, sobre la vinculación del sector educación con los organismos, personas y programas del área de trabajo y empleo. Se hace referencia a la información que reciben los distintos participantes así como a la importancia que le otorgan a dicha vinculación. Se discute el interés de los resultados obtenidos con vistas a optimizar las intervenciones de la especialidad, a partir de la consideración de la necesidad de la articulación de acciones entre las áreas involucradas.

Research and the choice of a course of study

This paper presents some research on the choice of a course of study as related to a certain social, family and labor context. The methodology used included the definition of the theoretical basis and a series of empirical investigations which comprised different kinds of sur- veys, records, observations, participants as well as other fieldwork. The results obtained shed some light on the issue and raise new questions. This study was especially carried out to analyze the choice of the following courses of study: Law, Psychology and the different Teaching Courses.

Psicología, docencia e investigación II

Tabla de contenidos: Síntoma obsesivo e intervención analítica / Graziela Napolitano. Orientación vocacional - Realidad ocupacional / Mirta Graciela Gavilán. El inventario de cociente emocional EQ-1 / Daniel Gómez Dupertuis, José Eduardo Moreno. Perspectivas de cambio en orientación / Mirta Graciela Gavilán. El concepto de Verleugnung en Freud / Carlos J. Escars. La ética, el psicoanálisis y la pedagogía / Rolando Hugo Karothy.

The transition school-university

This paper presents partial results of a research in the area of Vocational Occupational Guidance at the National University of San Luis on the subject "Transition School-University". The information offered here follows a survey on the relationship between the educational area and the organizations, persons and programs of the work and employment area. Reference is made to the information the different participants get as well as the importance they assign to said relationship. The interest of the results obtained is discussed with a view to optimize interventions in the speciality by taking into account the need of articulation of actions between the areas involved.

Vocational guidance: origin, evolution and current state

The socio-professional sources of the vocational guidance are reviwed, in the world and in Latin America. It stands out that psychology, as science and as a profession, possesses vigorous links to this practice that, however, tends to its epistemic and praxic emancipation in some nations. The contemporary prob- lems of the guidance are presented in their economic, politics, cultural and pro-fessional dimensions.

A model of career training in international contexts

Este artículo describe un modelo para la capacitación de practicantes de orientación ocupacional en contextos internacionales. Este modelo utiliza un enfoque de "compromiso activo" y se fundamenta en los siguientes factores: 1. Relativos a Competencia/Habilidad; 2. Aprendizaje Experimental; 3. Desafío de Fortaleza; 4. Pensamiento Crítico; 5. Intervenciones y Procesos Dinámicos; y 6. Aprendizaje e Innovación Integradas. También se incluye un debate sobre otras cuestiones prácticas relativas a la capacitación.

Vocational and occupational counsseling: a strategy of preventive intervention directed to Young men and women from the interior of the province of Buenos Aires

This work belongs to one of the activities that are carried out in the Vocational and Occupational Guidance Center (V.O.G.C.) of the Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences at the L.P.N.U. In the year 1994 the Vocational/Occupational Guidance Programme for Municipalities was created, destined for work with adolescents who are attending their last year at secondary schools in the interior of the Province of Buenos Aires . The Programme aims at fostering the development of spaces for reflection related to the educational/working projects of the adolescents who are close to entering university. The proposal is based on the methodology of work groups, in the journeys preoccupations are sheared, the worries and fears experienced by the students are shared with their hosts, possibilities are used as ground for construction, dealing both with aspects of their current situation and their future possibilities. From the analysis of the group productions collected throughout these years, we have developed a student's profile that - although it resembles the one obtained from local adolescents- adds new questions and points of view, thus increasing the complexity of the balance of forces related to the question of having to make a choice.

Cross-cultural counseling: problems and prospects

This work tries to assess the contributions made to educational counseling in recent years by theoretical and applied research and practical actions in the area of cross-cultural counseling. So, it offers a synthesis of the main contributions made from the theoretical and practical viewpoints within this specific scientific field.

Comportamiento frente a la corrosión inducida por cloruros de armaduras de nuevos aceros inoxidables con bajo contenido en níquel

La utilización de armaduras de acero inoxidable, de los tipos austeníticos y dúplex, con el objetivo de prolongar la vida útil de las estructuras de hormigón, es una alternativa que está recibiendo cada vez más consideración. Los aceros inoxidables son aleaciones fundamentalmente de cromo y níquel, con muy alta resistencia a la corrosión, especialmente por cloruros. El elevado coste del níquel y sus grandes fluctuaciones en el mercado, han favorecido la aparición de nuevos aceros inoxidables con bajo contenido en dicha aleación y, por lo tanto, más económicos, que sin embargo presentan una resistencia a la corrosión similar a los tradicionales. En este trabajo se ha evaluado la resistencia a la corrosión por cloruros de dos nuevos aceros inoxidables de bajo contenido en níquel. Uno de los aceros es austenítico, de producción en forma de chapa, y el otro dúplex, que se comercializa como barra corrugada. La resistencia a la corrosión se ha evaluado, respectivamente, mediante ensayos electroquímicos de dichos aceros embebidos en solución simulada de poros de hormigón y en probetas de mortero contaminados con diferentes cuantías de cloruros. Los resultados de los ensayos se han comparado con los del acero austenítico tradicional AISI 304 y del acero al carbono B500SD.