Influências ambientais na saúde mental da criança

Objetivo: Apresentar uma revisão atualizada sobre a influência ambiental na saúde mental da criança, os principais fatores de risco e medidas práticas para intervenção pelo pediatra. Fontes dos dados: Foram utilizadas para a revisão as principais bases de dados, MEDLINE, Psyclit e Lilacs, livros técnicos e publicações relevantes na área de desenvolvimento e promoção da saúde mental da criança e adolescente. Síntese dos dados: As crianças estão expostas a múltiplos riscos, entre os quais o de apresentarem uma alta prevalência de doenças, o de nascerem de gestações desfavoráveis e/ou incompletas e o de viverem em condições socioeconômicas adversas. Tal cadeia de eventos negativos faz com que essas crianças tenham maior chance de apresentar problemas emocionais. Os resultados negativos no desenvolvimento e comportamento são produzidos pela combinação de fatores de risco genéticos, biológicos, psicológicos, e ambientais, envolvendo interações complexas entre eles. Os fatores mais fortemente associados com a saúde mental da criança são o ambiente social e psicológico, influenciando mais do que as características intrínsecas do indivíduo. O efeito cumulativo de risco é mais importante na determinação de problemas emocionais da criança do que a presença de um estressor único, independente de sua magnitude. Conclusão: Os fatores ambientais tem um papel importante na gênese dos problemas emocionais da criança e é papel do pediatra através de uma prática clínica adequada a identificação e intervenção precoce nos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento desses distúrbios.

Práticas educativas de mães de bebês: efeitos de um programa de intervenção

This research aims to describe the effects of an intervention program focusing on parenting practices of mothers of babies by comparing pre- and post -test (intragroup comparison) performed with groups of adolescent mothers and adult mothers (intergroup comparison). Participants were 40 mothers, 20 adolescents and 20 adults. To collect data we used the Parenting Styles Inventory for Mothers of Babies (IEPMB), applied before and after the intervention, which is characterized for ten weekly meetings on topics related to the cycle of human development and parenting practices. The results showed significantly better educational practices for adolescent mothers compared to adult mothers especially in the first evaluation conducted. The intervention group was effective for most participants, adults and adolescents, who improved their parenting practices or remained appropriate. It discusses the importance of interventional groups to improve parenting practices of mothers of babies.

Tecnologia da Informação: computador e tablet no contexto da educação especial

Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

Elaboração de procedimento avaliativo-terapêutico computadorizado para escolares com dificuldades de aprendizagem

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Characteristics of physical activity programs in the Brazilian primary health care system

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Tutoria em leitura e escrita baseado no modelo de RTI – resposta à intervenção em crianças com dislexia do desenvolvimento

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uso de sistemas de comunicação suplementar e alternativa na Educação Infantil: percepção do professor

Augmentative and Alternative Communication Resources have proven to be helpful in the insertion of students with disabilities and complex communication needs into a variety of pedagogical activities and expand the skills and competencies of the teacher in the teaching-learning. The objective of this research was to identify the perception of teachers regarding the use of augmentative and alternative communication during an intervention program in Preschool. Participants were a special class of Preschool students with disabilities and severe communication complexity, along with their teacher and the researcher. For the development of this research, a Alternative Communication Program was applied. The teacher was provided with systematic guidance concerning language and communication. In a collaborative process, three children’s songs were selected according to the teacher’s pedagogical planning and adapted resources through Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems. During the intervention program, assisted evaluations also took place immediately after the activities with the music. The data were collected in audio recordings. For data analysis, content analysis was carried out resulting in the outlining of themes and subthemes. Results indicated that the teacher identified that Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems can to facilitate expression abilities of students with disabilities; that Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems can be used by children in Preschool; and that resources adapted through augmentative and alternative communication systems should be in accordance with the specificities of students.

Desempenho de escolares com dislexia: programas de intervenção metalinguistico e de leitura

Dyslexia is specific learning disabilities, of neurological origin, resulted from a phonological deficit of language. This study aims to verify the performance of students with dyslexia in phonological intervention program, reading program, and phonological and reading remediation program in students with dyslexia. The participants of this study were 60 students who were divided as follows: GI (ten students with dyslexia submitted to phonological remediation program and ten students with dyslexia not submitted to phonological remediation program), GII (ten students with dyslexia submitted to reading program and ten students with dyslexia not submitted to reading program), GIII (ten students with dyslexia submitted to phonological and reading program and ten students with dyslexia not submitted to phonological and reading program). The phonological and reading remediation was applied in three phases: pretest, training, post-testing. The results showed significant statistical difference between two evaluation moments, revealed better performance in the cognitive-linguistic skills in post-test situation comparing to the pretest, showing the efficacy of the three remediation programs for students with dyslexia. The better performance of the students with dyslexia submitted to the remediation programs shows the necessity of phonological instruction or phonological instruction with reading to be offered in the literacy context, once this will help students to develop cognitive-linguistic skills to learn the alphabetic basis of the Brazilian Portuguese writing system.

Efeito da intervenção terapêutica ocupacional junto a crianças com déficts de percepção visual, coordenação motora e integração visuo-motora

To students with special educational needs participate actively at school are required effective and systematic investment, involving the school community as a whole. The occupational therapist is one of the professionals who can facilitate this student inclusion process. This study aimed to discuss the occupational therapy intervention effects with two disability children with deficits in visual perceptual skills, motor coordination and visual motor integration, that was included in regular education. The Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration was use to evaluate visual perceptual skills, motor coordination and visual-motor integration. Because the deficits presented in the functions investigates was identified the need of an occupational therapy intervention program designed to improve the performance in theses functions. After the program, the test was reapplied. The results pointed to an improvement of all functions considered deficient. These results highlight to the training importance to improve the performance in abilities evaluated.

Aplicação do modelo de tutoria em tarefas de leitura e escrita para criança com dislexia do desenvolvimento

Developmental dyslexia is characterized by impairment in reading and writing as a result of changes in the cognitive-linguistic behavior. The goal of the research was to analyze and compare the performance on tasks of reading and writing in children with developmental dyslexia after a mentoring program. Participated in this study 15 children of both genders from 3rd to 7th grade public schools of a city in the State of São Paulo, with average age (M = 9.4) and (DP = 1.08) divided into GIexperimental group (7 children who received intervention) and GII – control group (8 children did not receive the intervention, they were matched according to sex and age group with GI). The children were subjected to the diagnostic survey of reading and writing and to the intervention program in Reading Recovery tutoring. The data regarding reading and writing tasks related to mentoring program were collected in CEES-Centro de Estudos de Educação e Saúde da UNESP. The results revealed statistically significant difference between the GI and GII, where children with dyslexia in the GI showed superior performance on the task of reading words and reading the book I in relation to children of the GII. It was concluded that the GI introduced significant advances compared to GII that did not receive mentoring intervention, demonstrating that due to variability of cognitive-linguistic profile of children with dyslexia, it is necessary to develop, mainly, in the school context programs with specific difficulties that focus on interventions of this population.

Motor profile of students with dyslexia

In the presence of developmental dyslexia, there is high probability of motor difficulties being present as well purposes: The purposes of this study were to characterize and compare the motor performance of students with dyslexia with students with good academic performance and to identify the presence of the DCD (developmental coordination disorder) co-occurring with developmental dyslexia. A total of 79 students participated in the research, both genders, from 8 to 11 years old, from 3rd to 5th grades, and were divided into Group I: 19 students with developmental dyslexia and Group II: 60 students with good academic performance. All the students were assessed using “The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency” (second edition), to measure the motor skills and the pattern and differences between groups. The results of this study showed that the motor performance of Group II students was superior to the performance of students of Group I in almost all motor areas assessed but both groups performed less well than they should have for their chronological age. The results of this study indicate that occupational therapists, speech therapists and educators need to be aware of the presence of motor impairments and the need for early intervention in both the academic and clinical environments, in order to ensure that early identification and diagnosis of possible co-occurrences, such as DCD, and the impact on learning to guarantee more appropriate clinical and educational assistance for this population. This may also indicate that increased exposure to movement may be important to limit some of the secondary health consequences in children in Brazil.

Práticas e crenças parentais e comportamento de crianças nascidas pré-termo de muito baixo peso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Intervenção e identificação precoce do Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação em escolares no início da alfabetização

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desenho animado e desenvolvimento moral: uma proposta de intervenção na forma de resolução de conflitos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

P300 in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss

INTRODUCTION: Behavioral and electrophysiological auditory evaluations contribute to the understanding of the auditory system and of the process of intervention. OBJECTIVE: To study P300 in subjects with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional prospective study. It included 29 individuals of both genders with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss without other type of disorders, aged 11 to 42 years; all were assessed by behavioral audiological evaluation and auditory evoked potentials. RESULTS: A recording of the P3 wave was obtained in 17 individuals, with a mean latency of 326.97 ms and mean amplitude of 3.76 V. There were significant differences in latency in relation to age and in amplitude according to degree of hearing loss. There was a statistically significant association of the P300 results with the degrees of hearing loss (p = 0.04), with the predominant auditory communication channels (p < 0.0001), and with time of hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: P300 can be recorded in individuals with severe and profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss; it may contribute to the understanding of cortical development and is a good predictor of the early intervention outcome.