O agrominerador familiar “Por detrás da Serra” de Parelhas, Seridó do Rio Grande do Norte

Unfavorable climatic conditions to family farming associated to the legal difficulty of retirement for workers who work exclusively in mining are indications provided by previous papers on this topic and guiding of such joint activities in a group that we have decided to call “agromineradores”, who are located “Behind de mountain” of Princess at Parelhas, Seridó do RN. However, in addition to these aspects, the research provides comprehensive analysis and thorough examination of other factors that link these families to such labor association. The theories of Habitus, field and trajectory from Pierre Bourdieu as well as the concept of institutions from Geoffrey Hodgson are central in this paper to explain the inclusion of these part-time farmers in an institutional environment shaped by social structures that influence in the choices of individual and collective behavior and leading to the relevance of the power structures within and outside the family, along with the role of public policies directed to family farmers and miners. The data analyzed showed that there is a crystallized structure that manifests themselves for years in this field, proving the link that exists between these agents and institutions that surround them in the composition of behaviors and routinizing of practices.

Programa "Engajando famílias na escola": estratégias, possibilidades e desafios

Education and community are currently intertwined, so that social practices, situated problems and emancipation processes have, more and more, entered in the school environment. Considering this context, the expansion of studies focusing on family literacy becomes necessary for the mobilization of alternatives and actions in this area. This research forms part of the project "The habitus of study: builder of a new reality in metropolitan Natal" (CAPES/OBEDUC/UFRN) and the program "Literacies and public policies: the family at school" (MEC/PROEXT/UFRN). In view of the chosen object – family literacy – therefore, we try to: 1) discuss actions implemented in a family literacy program, with specific reference to create literacy resources to register, discuss material, events, texts, 2) actions and promote forms of interaction by the family in the school environment; 2develop bonding strategies between school and families; 3) point the impact of such experiences of family literacy. To achieve these objectives, we base the discussion on theoretical contributions of the New Literacy Studies (STREET, 1984; McLAREN, 1988; BARTON & HAMILTON, 1993; KLEIMAN, 1995, 2000), focusing on Family Literacy and Literacy Project issues. Regarding to the research paradigm, we consider the Applied Linguistics field of study and we take the qualitative model (ERICKSON, 1990; BORTONI-RICARDO, 2008), with ethnographic critical approach (MOITA LOPES, 1993; THOMAS, 1993; HEATH & STREET, 2008). We understand, through our analysis, that families have much to contribute to the reality of schools, and, having seen relevance and value, these collaborators participate and act in support of the actions and the student’s education, even in the midst of complex routine situations. Still, we have learned that dialogues and activities with the community are necessary, looking forward to having involvement, local knowledge and the construction of shared learning; following this path, the collaborative environment is produced and the collaboration is effective.

Programa "Engajando famílias na escola": estratégias, possibilidades e desafios

Education and community are currently intertwined, so that social practices, situated problems and emancipation processes have, more and more, entered in the school environment. Considering this context, the expansion of studies focusing on family literacy becomes necessary for the mobilization of alternatives and actions in this area. This research forms part of the project "The habitus of study: builder of a new reality in metropolitan Natal" (CAPES/OBEDUC/UFRN) and the program "Literacies and public policies: the family at school" (MEC/PROEXT/UFRN). In view of the chosen object – family literacy – therefore, we try to: 1) discuss actions implemented in a family literacy program, with specific reference to create literacy resources to register, discuss material, events, texts, 2) actions and promote forms of interaction by the family in the school environment; 2develop bonding strategies between school and families; 3) point the impact of such experiences of family literacy. To achieve these objectives, we base the discussion on theoretical contributions of the New Literacy Studies (STREET, 1984; McLAREN, 1988; BARTON & HAMILTON, 1993; KLEIMAN, 1995, 2000), focusing on Family Literacy and Literacy Project issues. Regarding to the research paradigm, we consider the Applied Linguistics field of study and we take the qualitative model (ERICKSON, 1990; BORTONI-RICARDO, 2008), with ethnographic critical approach (MOITA LOPES, 1993; THOMAS, 1993; HEATH & STREET, 2008). We understand, through our analysis, that families have much to contribute to the reality of schools, and, having seen relevance and value, these collaborators participate and act in support of the actions and the student’s education, even in the midst of complex routine situations. Still, we have learned that dialogues and activities with the community are necessary, looking forward to having involvement, local knowledge and the construction of shared learning; following this path, the collaborative environment is produced and the collaboration is effective.

Entre Grande Otelo e Sebastião: tramas, representações e memórias

A versão impressa está dividida em volume 1 e 2.

Les investissements étrangers au Viêt-nam : entre la faucille et le marteau

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Assessment in primary education in Ireland

This doctoral study examines assessment in primary education in the Republic of Ireland. The nature and purpose of assessment offer an insight into the values which are prioritised by an education system. In 2011, in the Republic of Ireland, the Department of Education and Skills (DES) published a strategy aiming to improve standards of literacy and numeracy. The document, entitled, Literacy and numeracy for learning and life: the national strategy to improve literacy and numeracy for children and young people 2011-2020, contains improvement targets as measured by standardised tests. It also mandates the increased use of standardised tests in primary education, and directs that aggregated scores should be reported to both Boards of Management and the DES. The study is framed by the theoretical perspectives of Michel Foucault and Pierre Bourdieu. Both of these commentators examine social policy and practice in an effort to provide insight into the history and operation of social institutions. This study is especially influenced by Foucault’s archaeology and genealogy of knowledge, and his notion of governmentality. It is also particularly cognisant of Bourdieu’s thoughts on habitus, doxa and capital. The study contains reviews of literature in the areas of assessment, assessment policy, and assessment policy in Ireland. These reviews highlight current debate in each of these areas while also grounding this debate in an historical context. The dissertation contains four empirical sections. 1) It analyses policy documents prepared in the development of the published strategy as well as investigating the strategy itself. In so doing it is aware of the burgeoning influence of pan-national bodies on policy development. 2) A number of high profile policy makers were interviewed as part of the study and their views are interpreted in light of the findings of the literature reviews. 3) The perspective of teachers was sought through a questionnaire survey. This gathered data on these teachers’ views on the purpose of assessment as well as their actual practice. 4) Finally, children were also included as participants in this study. They were interviewed in focus groups and encouraged to contribute drawings as well on their views of assessment in primary school. Literacy and numeracy for learning and life is seen as a seminal document in Irish education. This study is significant in its analysis of original data from high profile policy makers, including two Ministers for Education and Skills. It is also significant in its inclusion of the perspectives of primary school pupils. Finally, the study considers the nature and role of assessment in a holistic manner by including the views of policy makers, teachers and pupils. The study notes that policy development in Ireland underwent a change in the preparation of Literacy and numeracy for learning and life and that international influences, while present, are also mediated to suit the local context. It also highlights a lack of clarity in the definition of assessment in primary education and argues that there is a lack of balance in the approaches that are prioritised. The study demonstrates that teachers are impacted by the strategy but that they also change it by focusing on their own concerns while using assessment tools. The children provide compelling evidence of the impact of assessment on the learner. The study shows how assessment tools (and school subjects) are valued with differing levels of importance by a variety of stakeholders.

Weathering the crisis? Managing democracy at a national broadcaster

With post-2008 political and economic crises as its backdrop, this inquiry into the political roles and functions of public service broadcasting (PSB) in Ireland is principally concerned with examining the capacities for and actuality of critical and counter-hegemonic professional journalistic and institutional mediations of crisis. Recognising the diversity of influences on the normative identity of Irish PSB, the dissertation adopts a sociological approach that acknowledges the systemic embedding of media institutions in the broader field of power. An initial tracing of the formative impacts of endogenous and exogenous forces on the democratic horizons of PSB suggests that the present crisis conjuncture does not represent promising terrain for engendering critical crisis and recovery imaginaries. A methodologically diverse intra-institutional empirical research agenda aims to explore at close hand Irish PSB’s contingent navigation of crisis, encompassing ethnographic observation in the newsroom, practitioner interviews and textual analysis of broadcast output. These methods afford close analysis of practices of journalistic production and reflexivity, self-conceptions of the journalistic habitus, and ideological affinities of crisis framings in broadcast output. These analyses are supplemented by a participant observation study of the possibilities for public agenda-building in a key institutional venue of public participation in broadcasting governance. The findings offer an evidential basis for the arguments that the crisis has prompted only minimal changes to professional norms and practices of representation and inclusion; that journalistic crisis framings tend toward effecting hegemonic repair by lending support to neoliberal crisis and recovery imaginaries; and that the institutional openings for the building of public counterpower are highly constrained. The overall conclusion is made that the normative democratic orientation embedded in the professional and institutional projects of public service broadcasting help render it ill-equipped to act as a re-democratising countervailing power against the democratic regressions engendered by the present crisis of democratic capitalism.

Les investissements étrangers au Viêt-nam : entre la faucille et le marteau

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

The Efficacy of San Lazaro and His Manifestations: Divine Mediators of Health Within Miami's Cuban-American Santeria Community.

This study explored the origins, evolution and influence of the tradition of San Lázaro as it currently pertains to the Cuban-American Santeria community in Miami. The main argument of the study is that in the context of the contemporary religious culture of Santeria in Miami, San Lázaro is a hybrid spirit. Many manifestations of healing entities have come to merge in the person of this spirit. Though practitioners identify with specific manifestations of this spirit, the processes of transmigration have blurred the lines of deep-rooted faiths and created a fusion of meanings from disparate traditions, making San Lázaro an ambivalent personality. San Lázaro’s ambivalence is the very quality that makes him such an important Orisha. As a deity whose personalities demonstrates the combination of a diversity of qualities, including those that contradict each other, San Lázaro is deployed in a very broad range of healing context, making him a versatile Orisha. This study clarified the contrasting qualities this deity embodies and traces the socio-historical context in which the deity acquires the layers of meanings it is currently associated with. Drawing on interviews with Lázaranian worshipers [Lázarenos] in Miami and engaging in Bourdieu’s concept of Habitus, the study provided a window into the nature of the tradition of San Lázaro and how its usage is linked with the African heritage of the worshipers.

Parentalidad postdivorcio ¿una nueva frontera de desigualdad?

Los cambios que trae aparejada una ruptura conyugal en las relaciones paterno-filiales es un hecho ampliamente documentado. La literatura especializada sobre el tema ha tendido a analizar estos cambios, desde un lenguaje de la cuantificación, midiendo presencias y ausencias paternas postdivorcio bajo recuentos de contacto y visitas entre padres y progenie. Lo que este tipo de estudios no dan suficiente cuenta es del tipo de expectativas y prácticas parentales que están detrás de ese mayor o menor contacto paterno- filial. Y más concretamente, el tipo de dinámicas postdivorcio asimétricas que se desencadenan a partir de una herencia conyugal de desequilibrio parental. Si bien se ha documentado extensivamente el fenómeno de la "deserción paterna" postdivorcio, enescasas ocasiones se ha profundizado sobre las raíces de esta dinámica parental, unas raíces que han de buscarse en paradigmas de biparentalidad complementarios y asimétricos que en muchos casos se venían ejercitando desde la conyugalidad y en el que el habitus de madre sobrecargada y padre ausente era una dinámica fuertemente asentada. El presente trabajo explora las implicaciones postdivorcio de estas divisiones y habitus parentales en procesos de ruptura conyugal. Sostenemos la tesis de que los desequilibrios parentales matrimoniales no tienden a desaparecer ante un contexto de divorcio, sino que con frecuencia se manifiestan con mayor radicalidad bajo formas trianguladas y en la mayoría de los casos de sobrecarga materna. Es esta mediación y casi obligada presencia materna la que permite comprender en clave cualitativa las resoluciones paterno-filiales postdivorcio y el mayor o menor grado de implicación paterna posterior. Estas conclusiones se extraen de una investigación doctoral que analiza en profundidad las experiencias postdivocio de 20 familias vascas. Sus relatos y vivencias ofrecen evidencia empírica de las complejas y persistentes asimetrías de género que el divorcio termina por consolidar

Parentalidad postdivorcio ¿una nueva frontera de desigualdad?

Los cambios que trae aparejada una ruptura conyugal en las relaciones paterno-filiales es un hecho ampliamente documentado. La literatura especializada sobre el tema ha tendido a analizar estos cambios, desde un lenguaje de la cuantificación, midiendo presencias y ausencias paternas postdivorcio bajo recuentos de contacto y visitas entre padres y progenie. Lo que este tipo de estudios no dan suficiente cuenta es del tipo de expectativas y prácticas parentales que están detrás de ese mayor o menor contacto paterno- filial. Y más concretamente, el tipo de dinámicas postdivorcio asimétricas que se desencadenan a partir de una herencia conyugal de desequilibrio parental. Si bien se ha documentado extensivamente el fenómeno de la "deserción paterna" postdivorcio, enescasas ocasiones se ha profundizado sobre las raíces de esta dinámica parental, unas raíces que han de buscarse en paradigmas de biparentalidad complementarios y asimétricos que en muchos casos se venían ejercitando desde la conyugalidad y en el que el habitus de madre sobrecargada y padre ausente era una dinámica fuertemente asentada. El presente trabajo explora las implicaciones postdivorcio de estas divisiones y habitus parentales en procesos de ruptura conyugal. Sostenemos la tesis de que los desequilibrios parentales matrimoniales no tienden a desaparecer ante un contexto de divorcio, sino que con frecuencia se manifiestan con mayor radicalidad bajo formas trianguladas y en la mayoría de los casos de sobrecarga materna. Es esta mediación y casi obligada presencia materna la que permite comprender en clave cualitativa las resoluciones paterno-filiales postdivorcio y el mayor o menor grado de implicación paterna posterior. Estas conclusiones se extraen de una investigación doctoral que analiza en profundidad las experiencias postdivocio de 20 familias vascas. Sus relatos y vivencias ofrecen evidencia empírica de las complejas y persistentes asimetrías de género que el divorcio termina por consolidar

Parentalidad postdivorcio ¿una nueva frontera de desigualdad?

Los cambios que trae aparejada una ruptura conyugal en las relaciones paterno-filiales es un hecho ampliamente documentado. La literatura especializada sobre el tema ha tendido a analizar estos cambios, desde un lenguaje de la cuantificación, midiendo presencias y ausencias paternas postdivorcio bajo recuentos de contacto y visitas entre padres y progenie. Lo que este tipo de estudios no dan suficiente cuenta es del tipo de expectativas y prácticas parentales que están detrás de ese mayor o menor contacto paterno- filial. Y más concretamente, el tipo de dinámicas postdivorcio asimétricas que se desencadenan a partir de una herencia conyugal de desequilibrio parental. Si bien se ha documentado extensivamente el fenómeno de la "deserción paterna" postdivorcio, enescasas ocasiones se ha profundizado sobre las raíces de esta dinámica parental, unas raíces que han de buscarse en paradigmas de biparentalidad complementarios y asimétricos que en muchos casos se venían ejercitando desde la conyugalidad y en el que el habitus de madre sobrecargada y padre ausente era una dinámica fuertemente asentada. El presente trabajo explora las implicaciones postdivorcio de estas divisiones y habitus parentales en procesos de ruptura conyugal. Sostenemos la tesis de que los desequilibrios parentales matrimoniales no tienden a desaparecer ante un contexto de divorcio, sino que con frecuencia se manifiestan con mayor radicalidad bajo formas trianguladas y en la mayoría de los casos de sobrecarga materna. Es esta mediación y casi obligada presencia materna la que permite comprender en clave cualitativa las resoluciones paterno-filiales postdivorcio y el mayor o menor grado de implicación paterna posterior. Estas conclusiones se extraen de una investigación doctoral que analiza en profundidad las experiencias postdivocio de 20 familias vascas. Sus relatos y vivencias ofrecen evidencia empírica de las complejas y persistentes asimetrías de género que el divorcio termina por consolidar

Learning Environments in Design Studio Culture

The paper reports on a study of design studio culture from a student perspective. Learning in design studio culture has been theorised variously as a signature pedagogy emulating professional practice models, as a community of practice and as a form of problem-based learning, all largely based on the study of teaching events in studio. The focus of this research has extended beyond formally recognized activities to encompass the student’s experience of their social and community networks, working places and study set-ups, to examine how these have contributed to studio culture and how there have been supported by studio teaching. Semi-structured interviews with final year undergraduate students of architecture formed the basis of the study using an interpretivist approach informed by Actor-network theory, with studio culture featured as the focal actor, enrolling students and engaging with other actors, together constituting an actor-network of studio culture. The other actors included social community patterns and activities; the numerous working spaces (including but not limited to the studio space itself); the equipment, tools of trade and material pre-requisites for working; the portfolio enrolling the other actors to produce work for it; and the various formal and informal events associated with the course itself. Studio culture is a highly charged social arena: The question is how, and in particular, which aspects of it support learning? Theoretical models of situated learning and communities of practice models have informed the analysis, with Bourdieu’s theory of practice, and his interrelated concepts of habitus, field and capital providing a means of relating individually acquired habits and modes of working to social contexts. Bourdieu’s model of habitus involves the externalisation through the social realm of habits and knowledge previously internalised. It is therefore a useful model for considering whole individual learning activities; shared repertoires and practices located in the social realm. The social milieu of the studio provides a scene for the exercise and display of ‘practicing’ and the accumulation of a form of ‘practicing-capital’. This capital is a property of the social milieu rather than the space, so working or practicing in the company of others (in space and through social media) becomes a more valued aspect of studio than space or facilities alone. This practicing-capital involves the acquisition of a habitus of studio culture, with the transformation of physical practices or habits into social dispositions, acquiring social capital (driving the social milieu) and cultural capital (practicing-knowledge) in the process. The research drew on students’ experiences, and their practicing ‘getting a feel for the game’ by exploring the limits or boundaries of the field of studio culture. The research demonstrated that a notional studio community was in effect a social context for supporting learning; a range of settings to explore and test out newly internalised knowledge, demonstrate or display ideas, modes of thinking and practicing. The study presents a nuanced interpretation of how students relate to a studio culture that involves a notional community, and a developing habitus within a field of practicing that extends beyond teaching scenarios.

Estudiantes de primera generación en Chile: una aproximación cualitativa a la experiencia universitaria

El propósito de este artículo es analizar la experiencia universitaria de un grupo de estudiantes de primera generación de tres universidades ubicadas en Concepción, Chile. En un contexto de fuerte masificación de la educación superior, la experiencia de los estudiantes cuyos padres completaron como máximo la educación secundaria, se ha transformado en un ámbito de incipiente interés. En función de los objetivos, la investigación fue abordada desde el paradigma constructivista y diseñada de acuerdo al método biográfico, cuya principal técnica de recolección de datos fueron las entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Los resultados de esta investigación, de carácter exploratorio, revelan que la construcción de un proyecto de estudios universitarios se encuentra notablemente influenciado por los padres, quienes se transforman en una fuente fundamental de apoyo. Asimismo, los estudiantes configuran tres significaciones a su experiencia universitaria: la movilidad social ascendente, la vocación y la retribución a los padres. Finalmente, se discuten los resultados a partir de los cuales se proponen nuevos interrogantes.

Visibilidad y percepción en la construcción de un paisaje Prehistórico. El caso de Calviá (Mallorca, Islas Baleares)

El presente trabajo se centra en el estudio del papel que juega el control visual del espacio en las prácticas sociales de las comunidades prehistóricas. Este trabajo se articula a partir de un estudio de caso, el término municipal de Calviá, situado en el sureste de la isla de Mallorca, para analizar las diferentes formas de monumentalidad arquitectónica y cómo estas se constituyen cómo un punto de referencia social dentro del paisaje. Partiendo de una amplia horquilla temporal, que abarcaría el Bronce Naviforme (1550-850 AC), el período Talayótico (850-550 AC) y el Postalayótico (550-123 AC), se propone analizar los cambios y pervivencias en la construcción del paisaje, a través de estrategias de visibilidad, percepción y movimiento alrededor de los monumentos arquitectónicos. A través de la perspectiva de la Arqueología del Paisaje y mediante el uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) se propone un análisis de tendencias a largo plazo en la configuración social de un paisaje.