Ecologia de insetos e bioinseticidas: efeito de óleo de Nim sobre o ciclo de vida de Zaprionus indianus Gupta, 1970 (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

O manejo integrado de pragas vem ganhando cada vez mais espaço no agronegócio brasileiro, sendo importante em métodos de controle que visam a sustentabilidade na agricultura. Atualmente tem-se aumentado cada vez mais a demanda por defensivos agrícolas naturais, que sejam economicamente e ecologicamente viáveis. Analisando-se as espécies pragas recentemente introduzidas no Brasil, encontra-se Zaprionus indianus Gupta, 1970, popularmente conhecida como mosca-do-figo. Este drosofilídeo tem apresentado um alto potencial de infestação, sendo um organismo limitante à ficicultura e que causa grandes prejuízos econômicos a seus produtores. Dentre as diversas formas de controle de pragas, podem ser citados os bioinseticidas como o Nim (Azadirachta indica), o qual apresenta baixa toxicidade em relação aos inseticidas químicos, e que vem despertando interesse devido as suas propriedades e seu potencial como inseticida natural. Sabendo-se da urgente necessidade em controlar essa praga, o presente trabalho estudou os efeitos da interação de óleo de Nim, da marca comercial Próneem Plus sobre o desenvolvimento populacional de Z. indianus. Os testes foram realizados com indivíduos da F1 - adultos e imaturos - oriundos da criação de Z. indianus, no Laboratório de Entomologia I do Departamento de Zoologia, UNESP – campus de Rio Claro. Foram realizados quatro diferentes experimentos, considerando o potencial bioinseticida e de repelência do produto, testando-se as concentrações de 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 e 2% sob condições de laboratório e as concentrações de 0,35; 0,5 e 0,75% em monocultura de figo. O óleo de Nim apresentou atividade inseticida para a fase larval de Z. indianus, nas concentrações de 0,5; 1; 1,5 e 2%, causando elevada mortalidade e retardando o desenvolvimento da espécie, porém, não apresentou toxicidade significativa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Diagnóstico ambiental do Córrego Bandeirantes, município de Rio Claro, SP: parâmetros biológicos e metais-traço

This study was conducted to verify water quality and environmental impacts related to the occupation of the watershed of the Bandeirantes stream, located in Rio Claro, SP. The intention is to propose measures to enable the mitigation of negative impacts, and boosting the recovery and maintenance of the quality of water resources, preventing its complete degradation. Water analysis were performed at three different points, east, crossing the Ring Road (dirt road) and near the confluence with the Ribeirão Claro. The results indicated significant degradation of water, especially after the crossing, where it witnessed the accumulation of solid waste and easy access to the stream, both for animals as for people, due to limited riparian it. Another impact was observed the current construction of the Forum of Rio Claro in the right side of the stream studied, causing change in the landscape, change the flow properties and removal of existing vegetation at the site of work, defined as an environmentally protected area, as determined by existing law. Measures such as: restoration of riparian zones, effluent treatment, planned urban growth and environmental education of the population, would be essential to mitigate the environmental impacts of watershed Bandeirantes stream

Classificação e quantificação de tecidos Biológicos para construção de fantomas pediátricos

Paediatric diagnostic radiology can be considered as a separate specialty and with distinct characteristics of the radiology applied in adult patients. This in reason of the variability in the anatomical structures size and bigger sensitivity of tissues. The literature present in its majority methodologies for segmentation and tissue classification in adult patients, and works on tissue quantification are rare. This work had for objective the development of a biological tissue classifier and quantifier algorithm, from histograms, and that converts the quantified average thickness of these tissues for its respective simulator materials. The results will be used in the optimization process of paediatrics images, in future works, since these patients are frequently over exposed to the radiation in the repeated attempts of if getting considered good quality radiographic images. The developed algorithm was capable to read and store the name of all the archives, in the operational system, to filter artifacs, to count and quantify each biological tissues from the histogram of the examination, to obtain the biological tissues average thicknesses and to convert this value into its respective simulator material. The results show that it is possible to distinguish bone, soft, fat and pulmonary tissues from histograms of tomographic examinations of thorax. The quantification of the constituent materials of anthropomorphic phantom made by the algorithm, compared with the data of literature shows that the biggest difference was of 21,6% for bone. However, the literature shows that variations of up to 30% in bone thickness do not influence of significant form in the radiographic image quality. The average thicknesses of biological tissues, quantified for paediatrics patients, show that one phantom can simulate patients with distinct DAP ranges, since variations... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Utilização de técnicas de planejamento de experimentos na análise de viabilidade de alterações no processo de pintura de grades Antracite em uma indústria automotiva

The search for better performance and competitive advantage in the current market scenario has made organizations keep their focus on quality planning and the use of effective techniques aimed at continuous improvement and optimization of processes and resources. The situation is not different for the painting process in the automotive industry, which has a significant amount of variables and influential external factors. This work, developed at General Motors in São José dos Campos, aims to analyze the feasibility of changing the painting process of the pickup S10 railings in the Antracite color located in the main line to the another line located in a Painting Repair Booth at the plant and, therefore, to study the possibility about reducing the window of cure for Antracite’s enamel by using Design of Experiments’ techniques. Applying this method is possible to find the best arrangement among studied factors of Painting Repair Booth that are, in this case, the Temperature, in Celsius degrees, and Skid’s Steps, in seconds, and it’s also possible to get their behavior according to quality requirements specified by GM rules for the Brightness and Paint Adhesion on the part. As a result, it can conclude that is possible to paint the S10 Antracite railings in the painting process’ line of Painting Repair Booth, and with the new configuration obtained by the Design of Experiments for the process variables, there are significant gains related to the parts’ quality, costs reduction and the optimization of production capacity, much in the main line as in the line of the Painting Repair Booth

Efeitos biológicos do laser de baixa potência sobre o cultivo de células-tronco mesenquimais provenientes do tecido adiposo e da medula óssea de cães

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Efeito do ambiente alterado no epitélio da escama, nas brânquias e na alimentação de Prochilodus lineatus

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aspectos biológicos, morfometria e técnica de criação de Abaris basistriata Chaudoir, 1873 e Selenophorus seriatoporus Putzeys, 1878 (Coleoptera: carabidae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV

Caracterização fitoquímica e ensaios biológicos de Syngonium podophyllum

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Deglutição orofaríngea e ritmos biológicos na insuficiência renal crônica

Pós-graduação em Fonoaudiologia - FFC

Fitotoxicidade e análise fitoquímica a partir de folhas de cinco espécies de Cerrado

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Não preferência para alimentação e antibiose em genótipos de feijão-caupi a Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, 1857) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Epistemologia e experimentos nos cadernos de física do currículo do estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Desenvolvimento, implantação e avaliação do desempenho de biorreator anaeróbico de leito fluidizado e leito fixo com filtros biológicos em materiais diversos

This study aimed to develop, implement and evaluate the performance of a new type of bioreactor for anaerobic treatment of wastewater using different filling materials like trickling filters post-reactor. This bioreactor has mixed characteristics of the UASB reactors and horizontal flow from the point of view of removal of BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) ssed (settled solids), TS (Total Solids), SS (Suspended Solid), SD (Dissolved Solids) and turbidity. The experimental model consists of a bioreactor with a volume of 12 m³, 2/3 filled by fluidized bed and 1/3 for fixed. The fluidized bed is made of polystyrene plates used as a system percolation and compartmentalized trickling filters, where each compartment was filled with a support medium with different characteristics (gravel number 4, plastic rings of polystyrene, PET and HDPE) . In addition, the output of a filter system was installed three entries filled with activated carbon. The bioreactor was installed in private residence in the city of Igarapava-SP (20° 02'40.18"S and 47° 45'01.36" W). The system was highly efficient as the removal of organic contaminant load 92% on average reducing the BOD, a significant result when compared to other anaerobic systems. For the other parameters, the mean reduction was 96% for turbidity, 99% ssed, 67.5% ST, 57% SD and 88% of SS. As for its operation the system was capable of operating in continuous flow without the need for maintenance during the entire period of evaluation and without energy, as it operates taking advantage of the natural slope of the terrain where it is installed. The environmental impacts were minimized due to the preservation of local vegetation allowing the ecosystem to remain unchanged beyond the prototype was completely sealed preventing exhalation of odors and therefore not causing inconvenience to neighboring populations. Given these facts it was concluded that the prototype is shown to be highly feasible deployed as a new alternative for treatment of sewage in rural and urban settings (individual homes, condos, farms, ranches, etc.) Due to ease of design and operability, and sustainability at all stages of execution.

Empacotamento de experimentos controlados em engenharia de software: uma abordagem baseada em ontologia

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)