Time for some shock (absorption): Reinsurance of national unemployment insurance should be a Commission priority. CEPS Commentary, 1 October 2014

In presenting their priorities for the new European Commission, Miroslav Beblavý and Ilaria Maselli assert in this CEPS Commentary that the time has come to devise an EU-level shock absorption mechanism. In their view, the instrument that best aligns varying political and economic objectives is a form of reinsurance of national systems of unemployment insurance. The primary motivation for the reinsurance proposal is that it can have a substantial stabilising effect, especially in case of large shocks, and, at the same time, be politically realistic in terms of contributions, costs and administrative burdens.

Phase relationships between orbital forcing and the composition of air trapped in Antarctic ice cores

Orbital tuning is central for ice core chronologies beyond annual layer counting, available back to 60 ka (i.e. thousands of years before 1950) for Greenland ice cores. While several complementary orbital tuning tools have recently been developed using δ¹⁸Oatm, δO₂⁄N₂ and air content with different orbital targets, quantifying their uncertainties remains a challenge. Indeed, the exact processes linking variations of these parameters, measured in the air trapped in ice, to their orbital targets are not yet fully understood. Here, we provide new series of δO₂∕N₂ and δ¹⁸Oatm data encompassing Marine Isotopic Stage (MIS) 5 (between 100 and 160 ka) and the oldest part (340–800 ka) of the East Antarctic EPICA Dome C (EDC) ice core. For the first time, the measurements over MIS 5 allow an inter-comparison of δO₂∕N₂ and δ¹⁸Oatm records from three East Antarctic ice core sites (EDC, Vostok and Dome F). This comparison highlights some site-specific δO₂∕N₂ variations. Such an observation, the evidence of a 100 ka periodicity in the δO₂∕N₂ signal and the difficulty to identify extrema and mid-slopes in δO2∕N2 increase the uncertainty associated with the use of δO₂∕N₂ as an orbital tuning tool, now calculated to be 3–4 ka. When combining records of δ¹⁸Oatm and δO₂∕N₂ from Vostok and EDC, we find a loss of orbital signature for these two parameters during periods of minimum eccentricity (∼ 400 ka, ∼ 720–800 ka). Our data set reveals a time-varying offset between δO₂∕N₂ and δ¹⁸Oatm records over the last 800 ka that we interpret as variations in the lagged response of δ¹⁸Oatm to precession. The largest offsets are identified during Terminations II, MIS 8 and MIS 16, corresponding to periods of destabilization of the Northern polar ice sheets. We therefore suggest that the occurrence of Heinrich–like events influences the response of δ¹⁸Oatm to precession.

Effects of exercise training on intrauterine growth restriction in an animal model

Résumé Selon l'OMS, la retard de croissance intra-utérine (RCIU; 10% en dessous du poids normal pendant la grossesse) affecte 5-10% des grossesses et est une cause principale de la morbidité et de la mortalité périnatales. Dans notre étude précédente sur un modèle de souris transgénique de prééclampsie (R+A+), nous avons constaté que l’entraînement physique (ExT) avant et pendant la grossesse réduisait la pression artérielle maternelle et empêchait la RCIU en améliorant le développement placentaire. Dans le cadre de mon projet, nous avons confirmé les bénifices de l’ExT dans un modèle de RCIU (souris déficiente en p57Kip2 (p57-/+). Ainsi, nous avons observé la présence de RCIU, d’une masse placentaire réduite, d’une augmentation de la pathologie placentaire ainsi qu’une plus petite taille des portées chez les souris p57-/+ sédentaire. L’ExT prévient la RCIU ainsi que tous les paramètres mentionnés ci-haut. Nous avons observé que l'expression du facteur de croissance de l’endothélium vasculaire, un régulateur clé de l'angiogenèse lors de la croissance placentaire, était réduite dans le placenta des souris p57-/+ et normalisée par l’ExT. Nous avons également trouvé que l'expression en ARN dans le placenta de 2 facteurs inflammatoires (interleukine-1β et MCP-1) était augmenté chez les souris sédentaires p57-/+ alors que ceci n’était pas présent chez les souris entraînées, ce qui suggère que l'inflammation placentaire peut contribuer à la pathologie placentaire. Toutefois, contrairement aux souris R+A+, le système rénine-angiotensine placentaire chez les souris p57-/+ était normale et aucun effet de l’ExT a été observé. Ces résultats suggèrent que l’ExT prévient la RCIU en normalisant la pathologie placentaire, l’angiogenèse et l’inflammation placentaire.

Palynological and stratigraphic record from Löddigsee in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany

A Late Pleistocene and Holocene sediment core from the nowadays terrestrialised portion of the Löddigsee in Southern Mecklenburg, Germany was palynologically investigated. The lake is situated in the rarely investigated Young moraine area at the transition from the Weichselian to the Saalian glaciation. The high-resolution pollen diagram contributes to the establishment of the north-eastern German Late Pleistocene pollen stratigraphy. The vegetation distribution pattern after the end of the Weichselian is in good agreement with other studies from North-eastern Germany, but also has its own characteristics. The Holocene vegetation development reveals features from the north-eastern and north-western German lowlands. A special focus was laid on the environmental history of the two settlements on an island within the lake (Late Neolithic and Younger Slavic period), which were preserved under moist conditions. Both settlements were constructed during a period of low lake level. Although there is evidence of agriculture in the area during the respective periods, the two island settlements seem to have served other purposes.

El primer libro de las crónicas.

At head of title: E. Gómez Carrillo.

Tolkovyĭ slovarʹ zhivago velikoruskago i͡azyka /

"Pechatano na schet Vsemilostivi͡eĭshe pozhalovannykh sredstv."--T.p., Vol.2-4.

Colección de las Memorias o Relaciones que escribieron los Virreyes del Perú acerca del estado en que dejaban las cosas generales del reino /

Includes bibliographical references.

Istorii︠a︡ novi︠e︡ĭsheĭ russkoĭ literatury.

On cover: Lekt︠s︡īi, chitannyi︠︡ na Vysshikh zhensk. kursakh 1917/18 uch. godu.

Kritiko-istoricheskai︠a︡ povi︠e︡stʹ vremennykh li︠e︡t Chervonoĭ ili Galit︠s︡koĭ Rusi /

"Izdanīe Imperatorskago obshchestva istorīi i drevnosteĭ rossīĭskikh pri Moskovskom universiteti︠e︡."

Sochinenïia.

"Prilozhenïe k zhurnalu 'Niva' na 1901 g."

Trudy.

At head of title: Izvi︠e︡stii︠a︡ Imperatorskago obshchestva li︠u︡biteleĭ estestvoznanii︠a︡, antropologiĭ i etnografiĭ, sostoi︠a︡shchago pri imperatorskomʻ moskovskomʻ universiti︠e︡. Tom. 46, vyp. 1.

Trudy ... Bulletins ...

At head of title, 1922-24: Komissii͡a po izuchenii͡u estestvennykh proizvoditelʹnykh sil Rossii pri Rossiĭskoĭ akademii nauk; 1925-30: Komissii͡a po izuchenii͡u estestvennykh proizvoditelʹnykh SSSR pri Akademii nauk (with variations) 1932- : Akademii͡a nauk Soi͡uza sovertskikh sot͡sialisticheskikh respublik.

K voprosu ob istochnikakh drevne-russkikh khozhdenīĭ vo sv. Zemli︠u︡ : "Poklonenʹe sv. grada Īerusalima" 1531 g. /

Includes bibliographical references.

Akty, otnosi a shchiesi a k istorii i u zhnoi i zapadnoi Rossii /

Imprint varies.

Metodologi i a istori i /

Photocopy.