As dificuldades de implantação de atividades experimentais investigativas no ensino de Química

Dissatisfaction with certain aspects of the educational processes of the traditional teaching has always existed, and new teaching methods have been routinely studied. The experimental investigative activity is one of those alternative practices. In this type of activity the experimentation is inserted with an investigative approach, in which the student must build the concept, with proposals that represent solutions to the excited problems. In the teaching of chemistry, specifically, the need and importance of experimentation is evident, beyond motivate students, aid in the understanding of chemical concepts relating them to reality. Realizing the contributions of this methodology for teaching and learning, through this research was conducted to understand the difficulties encountered by teachers for planning and implementation of these activities in the teaching of chemistry and therefore the reasons for the dominance of traditional teaching method. The subjects were undergraduate students of chemistry course that developed and implemented differentiated learning activities for teaching and teachers who accompanied the high school students who participated in the university extension project Inclusion Science and University students and teachers from public: Teaching and Learning Chemistry focuses on research and practice”. Through the data it was possible to identify some factors that affect and hinder the implementation of experimental activities in general, not only the investigative. However, despite the difficulties experienced by undergraduates, the majority considered the activity as an alternative teaching method interesting and innovative, able to produce interest, motivation and participation of students with subsequent learning. As well as the teachers, what with all the difficulties that they had declared facing when applying experimental activities, they admitted the pedagogical... (Complete abstract click electronic access belo)

Aspectos envolvendo as atitudes negativas de alunos com relação à matemática no primeiro ciclo do ensino fundamental

A matemática é vista pela maioria das pessoas como a disciplina escolar mais difícil. Muitas pessoas a vêem, desde muito cedo, como um “bicho de sete cabeças”, e pais e alguns professores, muitas vezes, colaboram com essa situação. Considerando que muitas investigações envolvendo as atitudes dos alunos em relação à matemática já foram realizadas na área da Educação Matemática, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi sistematizar os principais resultados nelas apresentados. As atitudes negativas dos alunos em relação à matemática estão associadas a quais aspectos? Esta será a questão norteadora da investigação. Mais especificamente, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica sobre as atitudes dos alunos do primeiro ciclo do Ensino Fundamental em relação à matemática. A partir dela, elencamos e analisamos, em oito pesquisas selecionadas, motivos que podem estar associados às atitudes negativas dos alunos em relação à matemática. Para tanto, utilizamos o banco de teses e dissertações da Capes, bem como outros trabalhos recentes como fontes de investigação.. Parte significativa dos estudos reforça a relação entre as atitudes dos alunos frente à Matemática e os aspectos envolvidos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dessa disciplina e todos eles apontam o papel do professor como principal responsável pelas atitudes positivas e/ou negativas apresentadas pelos alunos com relação à matemática, ainda que a família também tenha sido citada como relevante no processo

Cultura, educação e subjetividade: um estudo sobre o ENEM - Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio

This research attempts to analyze the relationship between the National Secondary Education Examination and the design of teaching, specifically in the way of defining what should be taught, in the present National Curriculum identifying clues that help us in the explanation of a conception of teaching and making the confrontation between the evaluation device in this ENEM. We intend to identify, even if there is consistency between what is taught and what is learned in schools, whether it public or private, and it evaluates the evidence as ENEM. This work is part of the Bachelor's Degree in Education Full theme is a critical analysis of the evaluation system ENEM regarding their school pedagogical practices. The overall goal is to bring to light the evaluative perspective envisaged in secondary education as a training practice, regarding the evaluation method levied by the National Examination of Secondary Education, seeking to raise the following reflection: The evaluation addressed in high school according to the National Curriculum meets view of the National Middle School? To answer this question, the work specified in a field research through analysis of evidence applied to the Portuguese Language School students in two schools, one in public and one private school, both in the city of Rio Claro, São Paulo, the analysis on the Matrix Reference ENEM in order to show whether the school pedagogical practice meets the demand of this evaluation system. Methodology as part of the job search literature, taking for himself the main theoretical assessment as Luckesi (2005), Hoffman (1996) Saviani (1986) and Curriculum Proposal of the State of São Paulo

Aprendizagem da língua inglesa a partir de imagens cinematográficas

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Investigação orientada e formação inicial de professores de química: um estudo com base em uma proposta de elaboração de mini-cursos temáticos

The educational institutions need to rethink issues related to teacher training in order to seek personal construction of teaching. Oriented research has been identified as useful in the process of teacher training. Through research builds knowledge about the problems faced in teaching, producing the most effective methods. The aim of this paper is to verify the validity of the application of research activities in the form of short courses and themed play during the formation of licensees and the use and construction of knowledge of high school students who attended these short courses. This work is linked to training of undergraduates and implementation of different activities of teaching and learning for high school students. The oriented investigation was the methodology chosen for the development of activities in which, through the construction and implementation of the mini-courses Students are encouraged to participate in the construction of knowledge itself in activities that suggest the development and testing of hypotheses. The mini-courses are designed and implemented by teachers of the ninth and tenth terms of the degree in chemistry. Students of public schools were the privileged. Data were collected through observation and interview. In applying these mini-courses, associated with the daily, prospective teachers connected theory to practice, arousing the curiosity of students and leading them to raise issues related to the content of chemistry. Students showed interest in the construction of the content addressed. The student teachers sought to study different concepts and how to make them more attractive, causing the chemistry was associated with the phenomena of everyday life, including the problems faced when teaching and trying different possible solutions. Thus, there was an increase in interest in teaching and learning

Matemática comercial e financeira com a utilização de recursos digitais: uma experiência no ensino médio

This work aimed to investigate the possible contributions of the use of digital resources in the teaching and learning process of Commercial and Financial Mathematics concepts to high school students. Its development has included a survey of some researches on the topic as well as an experimental study of a qualitative type, in which the Webquest was used as methodology. It uses the computer, more precisely the internet resources, to assist students in building up knowledge. Eight meetings were held, in the after-school period, with a group of students of the second year of high school at a state public school in the city of Guaratinguetá. Aiming to evaluate the knowledge that students had about the theme, it was applied a diagnosis at first glance for further analysis and development of activities and interventions according to the students’ answers. Once the research data was analyzed, it was noted that the students had little knowledge regarding the basic contents of Commercial and Financial Mathematics, in addition to presenting difficulties in handling some of the digital resources used in the meetings. Nonetheless, from the students’ works, it was seen significant advances in understanding and building up knowledge on concepts such as percentage, simple and compound interest, savings, and sales involving prompt payment or in arrears

A abordagem do voseo em materiais didáticos brasileiros de ensino do espanhol como língua estrangeira

This work discusses the importance of the language varieties in the Spanish language to the process of teaching and learning Spanish as a foreign language (ELE), focusing on the approach, ie, how to deal with the phenomenon voseo in Brazilian textbooks. It presents a brief historical overview on the arising of this language and its implementation in Latin America. From an educational approach that values a good development of communicative competence, it’s driven to a presentation of the Spanish schoolbooks selected by PNLD for the year 2012, as well as an observation of activities that demonstrate the phenomenon called voseo, in other words, the use of the variety of the pronoun vos instead of tú for the treatment of the second person. Given the vast range of Spanish courses as a foreign language for high school students, and the growing interest of young people in learning a second language, this study addresses the importance of developing the communicative competence of a foreign language

O ensino e a surpresa: experimentos surpreendentes e suas possibilidades no ensino de Física

Some experiments in Physics teaching have an amazing effect among the students, that is, generally be characterized by counteracting the initial expectations of students. This characteristic may contribute to the emergence of learning situations extremely promising. However, the privilege, by the teacher, the description of certain results shortens the involvement that the student could establish on teaching situations favor a more careful observation that can be done. We discuss in this paper, the that surprise may be manifested in the student on an experimental demonstration and its ability to mobilize the interest and curiosity of this student. We intend to observe the pedagogic value that represents the amazing effect such in situations of teaching and learning, particularly for the Teaching of Physics, as well as the possibilities for educational approaches.Through an extensive analysis of several authors who address about experimental learning activities, Epistemology of Science and Education, we found some results that lead us to understand some of the possibilities that the surprise element can propose. We describe a demonstration activity that we consider amazingly from our point of view and that was realized in a regular classroom in a of Rio Claro Public High School in the year of 2011

A prática pedagógica das lutas nas academias de ginástica

The fights are one of the most elementary manifestations of body culture, which are also constituted by sports, dances, games, and others. They are present in a lot of different ways, being very diverse among themselves. However, there is no consensus or agreements in the literature about the pedagogical practice of these modalities in fitness centers, sport clubs and sports centers. How do the teachers teach in these environments? What strategies do they use? How do they organize the contents? In what subjects they are based to execute the teaching and learning process? In this way, the objective of this study was to analyze some classes from different styles of fights/ martial arts teachers, trying to find what are their focus, goals, methodologies, classes’ dynamics and didactical and pedagogical procedures, aiming to check what is the focus of fights/ martial arts´ pedagogical practice in non-formal education. For this, it was selected one experienced teacher from the following modalities of fights from oriental origin: karate, judo, jiu jitsu and kung fu. The methodology used in this study consisted first in a literature review about the fights and sports pedagogy. Furthermore, there was one field research of qualitative nature, whose methods of data collection were divided in two: systematic observations of some classes of each teacher and semi-structured interviews with each teacher after the observation process, looking deeper into the pedagogical practice of these modalities. The results were analyzed through a content analyze, crossing the informations acquired with the instruments used. In addition to the description of these teachers and their classes, there was a classification of information, arriving the following categories: ritual and ceremony, tradition and discipline, didactical and pedagogical procedures ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

O lúdico no ensino de espanhol como língua estrangeira

Este trabalho discute a importância do lúdico no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de espanhol como língua estrangeira. Para tanto, apresenta um panorama histórico com as principais concepções filosóficas, psicológicas e educacionais acerca da prática dos jogos. Os marcos de referência são, sobretudo, os estudos de Kishimoto, que operam uma releitura dos postulados de Froebel, Piaget, Vygotsky e Bruner. Esses pressupostos teóricos são levados ao contexto de aprendizagem da língua espanhola e constituem uma defesa de um ensino significativo do idioma, que se baseia na capacidade de criação, exploração e argumentação do aluno, e privilegia um ambiente de motivação e descontração. A partir de uma proposta educativa que valoriza a formação cognitiva, social e afetiva dos aprendizes, e se atenta a questões como o prazer e a alegria, encaminha-se uma breve análise dos livros didáticos de espanhol selecionados pelo PNLD, bem como uma observação da presença de atividades lúdicas nesses materiais. Diante da expressiva oferta de cursos de idiomas para idosos, e do crescente interesse desse público em aprender uma segunda língua, este estudo contempla, também, a cultura lúdica inserida no espaço de ensino a grupos da terceira idade, uma vez que os benefícios dos jogos e brincadeiras se estendem a qualquer faixa etária. São elaboradas, ainda, algumas atividades destinadas ao ensino de espanhol para esse público, pois nunca é tarde para brincar

Motivação para a prática da natação competitiva

A prática esportiva oferece excelentes oportunidades para o enfrentamento de desafios, desenvolver habilidades, planejar metas a serem atingidas e participar de atividades variadas e complexas. Saber o que leva as crianças e os adolescentes à prática da atividade esportiva é importante, para que sejam criadas melhores estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem e para que o aluno mantenha-se motivado naquela modalidade, visto que aprendizagem e motivação são independentes no ser humano, sendo a motivação um dos temas mais abordados em Psicologia do Esporte. A natação é considerada um dos esportes mais completos, por trabalhar praticamente toda a musculatura ao mesmo tempo, além de auxiliar na melhoria da capacidade respisratória do praticante. Sendo assim, os objetivos do presente estudo foram analisar a relação entre motivação e natação, evidenciando os motivos que levam à prática da natação, tanto por crianças, jovens e adultos, verificar as razões pelas quais nadadores se mantém firmes em seus objetivos e indagas as causas da desistência de nadadores competitivos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

A autonomia no contexto Teletandem institucinal integrado

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ensino de língua estrangeira: foco na abordagem de ensino do professor

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Atividades investigativas: o impacto na capacidade de argumentação em alunos do ensino médio sobre eletroquímica

The education research guidelines have shown the important contribution of the investigations that focus on analysis of the discursive dimension of teaching and learning of Science in actual classroom. An interesting proposal to analyze the effectiveness of an educational activity is to assess the potential of investigative activities in the development of argumentation in science classes. Several studies have taken into account the use of argument in the classroom as a way to provide students with new ways to know the science. Argument refers to the process of associating components that play a central role in the construction of explanations, models and theories. In order to investigate the potential of these activities took place the application of investigative activities with third-year high school students, recorded in audio and video, focusing on the development of the argument. The search, conducted ranks as a qualitative research with characteristics of a case study. The arguments collected during the activities contained the students' conceptions about the concepts discussed and all were recorded in audio and video. With the encouragement of the argument by the investigative activity we evaluate the learning experienced by the speech of students. It may be noted that students have appropriated the concept of oxidation involving electron transfer, thus the activity reached the goal, so that was planned, making it effective for the introduction of electrochemical concepts

Ensino do conceito de radioatividade utilizando a biografia de Marie Curie

Como objetivo de pesquisa esta monografia buscou coletar dados descritivos que permitissem esclarecer as possibilidades educativas para o ensino de química em uma abordagem contextual utilizando história e filosofia da química e da ciência. Esta monografia trata de uma intervenção feita dentro do cronograma de aulas de uma escola pública de Bauru, em que se buscou levar informações que possibilitassem uma abertura na perspectiva de vida de alunos que estudam e/ou vivem em meio a violência social e doméstica. A intervenção consistiu no estudo da história da descoberta da radioatividade, ensinada através da biografia de Marie Curie, a mulher que denominou o fenômeno dos raios invisíveis de radioatividade, em sua tese de doutorado. Ela também descobriu, por meio da mesma pesquisa que fundamentou a referida tese, dois elementos radioativos, o polônio e o rádio. Para o planejamento da pesquisa e a análise dos dados se utilizou a metodologia qualitativa de pesquisa, com enfoque na pesquisa-ação e técnicas de análise de conteúdo. Para a aplicação dessa aula foi elaborada uma atividade envolvendo história da química e das ciências naturais dentro de uma atividade de leitura. Utilizou-se o livro GÊNIO OBSESSIVO: O MUNDO INTERIOR DE MARIE CURIE de Bárbara Goldsmith como base para os textos utilizados em aula. Foi utilizado o livro MARIE CURIE E A BUSCA PELO RÁDIO de Beverly Birch, como fonte de ilustrações. Essas ilustrações, assim como outras imagens extraídas da internet, foram utilizadas para relacionar os fatos ocorridos durante a pesquisa de Marie, realizada com o auxílio do marido Pierre Curie, que era professor e pesquisador em física e trabalhava com fenômenos relacionados a piezeletricidade, entre outros fenômenos eletromagnéticos. A aula consistiu na aplicação de um questionário inicial para averiguar as idéias prévias que os alunos apresentavam sobre a radioatividade e o contexto...