Avaliação energética e econômica do agroecossistema algodão: uma abordagem entre sistemas familiares de produção do Paraguai e Brasil

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

A crise ecológica na agricultura familiar do Estado do Maranhão: contribuições para um debate

Este texto tem o propósito de apresentar uma análise sócio-econômica e ecológica das transformações históricas que afetam as unidades econômicas camponesas no Estado do Maranhão. Os dados oficiais disponíveis permitem inferir a existência de uma crise ecológica que ameaça a sustentabilidade das mesmas. A reversão desse processo requer o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que qualifiquem o conjunto dos problemas existentes e desenhem uma matriz de indicadores de sustentabilidade para viabilizar a reestruturação tecnológica dessas unidades produtivas. Neste sentido, esta reflexão, parte de uma pesquisa em andamento, tem a pretensão de subsidiar a intervenção dos atores sociais e das instituições governamentais envolvidas no processo da reforma agrária no Brasil.

O impacto da crise do socialismo no partido comunista do Brasil, 1988-1992

O artigo analisa o impacto das transformações no Leste Europeu sobre o Partido Comunista do Brasil (PC do B), entre o 7a Congresso Partidario (maio de 1988) e o 8° Congresso (fevereiro de 1992). Esse impacto levou a mudanças no partido, as quais podem ser assim resumidas: crítica moderada a Stalin, mais importante por ser a primeira na história do PC do B (manteve-se, entretanto, a concepção de partido marxista-leninista de vanguarda); abandono da teoria das duas etapas da revolução brasileira; realinhamento político no plano internacional, em apoio a partidos comunistas dentro e fora do poder; pêndulo à esquerda na política interna brasileira.

Substituição de importações e as origens da indústria petrolífera no Brasil

The aim of this article is to introduce the context when was created the Brazilian oil industry during the period known as “process of substitution of importation”, under influence of the 1930´s Liberal Revolution. The absence of national private capital, ally to disinterest of multinationals oil companies for developing this sector, particularly during the 1930´s, forced Brazilian State to structuralize a system to regulate and to stimulate oil production from a new entity: the National Oil Council, which takes for itself the task to building the Brazilian oil industry during the period 1938-1953.

Brasil, Argentina e Coreia: uma análise comparativa (1970-1990)

The present article concerns on the development of Brazil, Argentina and South Korea in a comparative manner during the 1970s and 1980s. We tried to show that the structural crisis of capitalism and the restructuring of the system have closed the possibilities of Brazil and Argentina‘s development while Korea that engaged in an export strategy achieved a qualitative jump on its economy.

Nas ondas da informação: interfaces entre o pensamento geográfico e a geografia econômica para o estudo das telecomunicações no Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise da viabilidade econômica na implantação de inversores frequência em sistemas de bombeamento

The present work aims to conduct a study of the economic feasibility of the implementation of variable frequency inverters in pump systems with variable flow rates. The concern with the reduction of energy expenditure in industries raised in 2001 due to the energy crisis that hit Brazil at that time, forcing industries to reduce their electric costs under penalty of fines if this were not done (MOREIRA, 2008). Frequency inverter is an electronic device that allow greater control in the operation of pumping systems and also a reduction in electrical consumption, being a viable solution to achieve a reduction in energy consumption. For the development of this work, approaching important topics in pumping systems was necessary in order to make a correct choice of hydraulic pumping and also other components responsible for the operation of the system , such as electric motors and frequency inverters. In the case study, a theoretical analysis of the behavior of electrical consumption in systems with variable flow rates was performed, comparing when the system is operated via frequency inverters and when the system is operated without such a device. As expected, the result of the implantation of the device was quite satisfactory, and the primary goal of reducing energy expenditure was achieved. Also important to highlight the environmental issue of this work, as all forms of energy production affects nature in some way, achieving a reduction in consumption also contributes indirectly in environmental conservation

Da letargia ao realento: notas sobre o ensino de graduação em administração pública no Brasil no entremeio da crise do Estado e da redemocratização no país (1983-94)

Considering the meantime of Brazilian crisis of State and redemocratization, this article looks for a description and analysis of the facts and circumstances that marked the undergraduate education of Brazilian public administration during this period, considered by the authors as one of the cycles (or stages of construction) of academic education. Methodologically, this article makes a review of academic and non-academic works which deal directly and indirectly the PA themes, including revisiting the sources and analyzing the existing laws and opinions about the undergraduate education in public administration in a continuum of time between 1983-94, through a semi-structured interview with academics who have experienced such period. Regarding the results, this article observes that the period between 1983-94, unlike the first cycle (1952-65) and second cycle (1966-82), when the academic background in public administration had an identity - adherent to the conception (and project) of State and the contours (and production) in the public administration field of knowledge - having the Ebap/FGV a model case, was a problematic stage of construction, reflecting the crisis of State in the 80's years and also the paradigmatic crisis (or discontinuity) in public administration field of knowledge in Brazil during this time.

Da crise normal ao risco: produções da adolescência nos cenários da saúde mental no Brasil

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Avaliação energética econômica do agroecossistema algodão: uma abordagem entre sistemas familiares de produção do Paraguai e do Brasil

The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy and economic efficiency indexes per unit of cotton agro-ecosystem area in family production systems of Paraguay and Brazil; and, to establish a relationship between the energy and economic. Typologies presented by the Program to Support Small Cotton Holdings (Paraguay), and by the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Brazil). Family systems of the two countries were identified; these are located from Paraguay (San Juan–CA) and from Brazil (Leme–SP). To construct the energy expenditure structure of the cotton agro-ecosystem, as well as to assess the economic efficiency, the mean values obtained were considered, when they presented similarities in production systems and they were within the typology proposed in this study. From the technical itinerary observed the Paraguayan agro-ecosystem depended (fossil fuel 56.76%) and industrial source (35.99%). Thus, the energy balance of the agricultural stage was established, which attained a value of 17,740.69 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 5.28, and a cultural efficiency of 3.04. The Brazilian agro-ecosystem depended on energy from industrial source (insecticides 39.82%) and from fossil fuel (33.59%); it reached an energy balance of 19,547.88 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 2.12, and a cultural efficiency index of 0.71. In the economic and energy indicator ratio, with regard to the months referring to the harvest time, that is to say, March, April, and May, the maximum economic efficiency indicator of paraguay was attained in the month of May (1,00), and from Brazil in the month of May (1,71). Both production systems analyzed were presented efficient, however, dependent of external circumstances and non-renewable energy sources.

Valiação energética e econômica do agroecossistema algodão: uma abordagem entre sistemas familiares de produção do Paraguai e Brasil

The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy and economic efficiency indexes per unit of cotton agro-ecosystem area in family production systems of Paraguay and Brazil; and, to establish a relationship between the energy and economic. Typologies presented by the Program to Support Small Cotton Holdings (Paraguay), and by the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Brazil). Family systems of the two countries were identified; these are located from Paraguay (San Juan–CA) and from Brazil (Leme–SP). To construct the energy expenditure structure of the cotton agro-ecosystem, as well as to assess the economic efficiency, the mean values obtained were considered, when they presented similarities in production systems and they were within the typology proposed in this study. From the technical itinerary observed the Paraguayan agro-ecosystem depended (fossil fuel 56.76%) and industrial source (35.99%). Thus, the energy balance of the agricultural stage was established, which attained a value of 17,740.69 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 5.28, and a cultural efficiency of 3.04. The Brazilian agro-ecosystem depended on energy from industrial source (insecticides 39.82%) and from fossil fuel (33.59%); it reached an energy balance of 19,547.88 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 2.12, and a cultural efficiency index of 0.71. In the economic and energy indicator ratio, with regard to the months referring to the harvest time, that is to say, March, April, and May, the maximum economic efficiency indicator of paraguay was attained in the month of May (1,00), and from Brazil in the month of May (1,71). Both production systems analyzed were presented efficient, however, dependent of external circumstances and non-renewable energy sources.

Evolución económica comparada entre Brasil y Argentina

Fil: Valentini, Enzo Emiliano