A Construção do Conhecimento na Atualidade: Um Olhar Sobre o Impacto da Tecnologia

In the paper analyzes the process of knowledge construction in the news regarding the emergence of massive information and communication technologies. In this context, through a qualitative approach, first we examine the potential of production, dissemination, access and use information in a technocratic perspective, and secondly, the negative impacts stemming from the computed mediation, mainly linked to the complexity of policies of democratization of access to information and loss of criticality of science. The focus of this review focuses on the current model of information search and knowledge construction through the Web, outlining aspects inherent to the process in general. Similarly, envision different contributions of information science for the systematization of human knowledge, guided through the social actions of professionals working in various fields, with emphasis on the information representation and retrieval. It is hoped that work can contribute to the current thematic reflection on the production, dissemination and use of information as well as on digital inclusion policies.

A inserção e o impacto internacional da pesquisa brasileira em 'estudos métricos': uma análise na base Scopus

This research aims at analyzing the Brazilian scientific contribution on “metric studies” in the mainstream science through journals indexed in the Scopus basis, intending to visualize its insertion and international impact in the area. Mainly, to diachronically study the researches, the most productive authors and the scientific support network generated among them, as well as to identify the journals in which such production has been disseminated. It is based upon the three main target groups of current bibliometrics, as in Glänzel’s perspective (2003), and upon the impact of Brazilian researches in the international community through the citations received. Were found 263 articles and tables concerning the diachronical study and the highlighted researchers and journals were constructed analyzing the insertion in the target groups, the number of articles, number of citations and the average of citations. As results, researchers from the Federal Universities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo have stood out. All the researchers permeate the application of metric studies to several scientific areas, with emphasis on the health and biological sciences. The least contemplated researches were the ones whose objective was to develop and to discuss the bibliometrics as methodology, contributing to its on conceptual-theoreticalmethodological development, as well as those focusing on contributing, assessing and guiding scientific policies. We conclude by suggesting scientific and academic policies which motivate the researchers to publish in journals indexed in international bases in order to internationalize Brazilian science.

A influência da cultura e da comunicação para a geração de conhecimento em contexto organizacional

In the organizational context culture and communication are fundamental to the processes of appropriation, sharing, generation and use of knowledge. However, in organizations, it is evident that there is little awareness about the influence of information culture and informational communication in the scope of knowledge management. In this perspective and considering the theoretical context, we analyze the influence of culture and communication in the construction of knowledge in an organizational context. This study presents a qualitative research covering national literature focusing theoretical literature published about this thematic. Analyzing this literature we have verified that without an appropriate information culture and an appropriate information communication favoring the organizational processes, hardly the managers would reach the purpose of stimulating knowledge creation within the organization's environment. In conclusion we consider that culture and communication are the foundations for the effectiveness of activities that occur within the context of knowledge management.

Sintaxe e semântica de registros bibliográficos: princípios para a conversão de registros analógicos para o formato MARC21 bibliográfico: Scan for MARC

The research presents as its central theme the study of the bibliographic record conversion process. The object of study is framed by an understanding of analogic bibliographic record conversion to the Bibliograhpic MARC21 format, based on a syntactic and semantic analysis of records described according to descriptive metadata structure standards and content standards. The objective of this research the objective is to develop a theoretical-conceptual model of syntactic and semantic of bibliographic records, from Linguistic studies of Saussure and Hjelmslev of manifestations of human language, which subsidizes the development of a computacional interpreter, focused to the conversion of bibliographic records to MARC21 Bibliographic Format, which can be confirmed both the semantic value of the informational resource represented as the reliability of the representation. Given the aforementioned objectives, the methodological trajectory of the research is based on the qualitative approach, of an exploratory, descriptive and experimental nature, and with recourse to the literature. Contributions on the theoretical plane can be envisaged regarding the development of questions inherent to the syntactic and semantic aspects of bibliographic records, and by involving, at the same time, interdisciplinarity between Information Science, Computer Science and Linguistics. Contributions to the practical field are identified by the fact the study covers the development of the Scan for MARC, a computational interpreter that can be adopted by any institution that wishes to use the conversion procedure for bibliographic record databases to the MARC21 Bibliographic Format from description and visualization schemes of bibliographic records (AACR2r and ISBD), an aspect of the research which is considered innovative.

Estudos de Análise de Cocitação de Autores: uma abordagem teórico-metodológica para a compreensão de um domínio

This piece of research aims at analyzing the absolute and relative co-citation indicators, especially Salton’s Cosine and comparing the contribution of these indicators to the understanding of a domain, applying them to the universe of "Metric Studies" at the BRAPCI base. It also aims at presenting the co-citation network generated from the absolute frequencies and highlighting the groupings of co-cited authors, depending on the relative values, integrating and explaining the information from the two indexes. The domain analysis, by means of its 11 approaches, including “Bibliometric Studies”, focuses on the science characterization and evaluation, in that it allows us to identify and to analyze the conditions under which the scientific knowledge is constructed and socialized. In these studies, the contribution of citation and co-citation analysis is highlighted. Of the total of 147 articles retrieved at BRAPCI base, the authors cited in at least 11 articles, in a total of 38 researchers, were selected. The 38 x 38 symmetric matrix with the absolute frequencies of co-citation and the matrix with the relative values of Salton’s Cosine were generated. The co-citation network with absolute frequency values were constructed, through Ucinet software. Cluster analysis of data with relative values wer performed, using the SPSS software. Significant differences between the absolute and relative indexes, with some high absolute values of co-citation were observed; when considered in relation to the presence of each author, their significance is decreased. As to the generated network, seven groups were determined, in which only one is established for close themes and comes from co-citations in the original sense of the term. Five groups present closeness in absolute and relative indicators. It can be concluded about the importance of the studies of authors' co-citation analysis, which associate the two indexes, absolute and relative, in order to visualize and understand the underlying structures of a scientific domain.

Algumas contribuições da perspectiva filosófico-semiótica de Peirce para a análise de assunto

In the context of current scientific studies toward Information Science and Semiotics, this study highlights that Semiotics is relevant to the field, since that signs are interpreted in different ways by each person primarily when they arise from the interpretation of documental analysis, maintaining large amplitude and diversity. In this sense, Semiotics can furnish support for several areas since it focuses on elements which enable the understanding of the phenomena, in order to guide an adequate theory about the concerns pointed by research on information and knowledge organization. This study aims to present a theoretical reflection about the subject analysis from Peirce’s philosophical-semiotics approach. Thus, this study presents some relations and contributions of Semiotics on issues involving subject analysis as well as concepts of habit, experience, representation and types of signs generated in the process.

Visibilidade dos pesquisadores no GT7 da ANCIB: um estudo de cocitações

This research aims at analyzing the researchers with major insertion and impact within the GT7 ENANCIB community, through an analysis study of citation and co-citation from 2003 to 2010. We propose to highlight the researchers cited in a greater number of papers, as well as the number of citations received. Also, to describe the co-citation network intending to analyze the interlocution network built by the writers towards the cited ones and calculate the indicators of density and centrality of the network. As for the theoretical-methodological basis, we used the Domain Analysis (D.A.), seen as the reflexion of a discourse community. Among the 11 approaches about D.A, the bibliometric studies stand out. Data from the 124 researches presented in the period of this study showed 1446 cited researches for a total of 2307 citations. From the total number of cited researchers in a greater number of papers, 33 were considered authors of major impact and visibility, being cited in at least 8 papers, thus getting at least 8 citations. The software Ucinet was used to map and visualize the net of interlocution established by the citing papers. As for the results, we could notice that, from the total of 33 researchers, 23 are Brazilian, 20 take part in Post-Graduation Programs and 11 are granted CNPq scholarships of productivity. Furthermore, we highlighted the most cited themes and analyzed the relationship involving the number of citations according to the number of papers in which the researcher was cited and the number of researches cited from each researcher. Regarding the network structure, we could observe that the authors form a single component, indicating that the group of researchers co-cited reveals proximity and theoretical, conceptual and methodological articulations. We concluded that the citing community adopts ordinary theoretical schools; moreover, we might characterize the core of the known researchers as a foundation for the knowledge of the GT7 theme.

Representação e descrição de recursos informacionais: aspectos estruturantes no delineamento de ambientes informacionais digitais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Mediação como processo semiótico: em busca de bases conceituais

In the context of the studies in the Information Science, the information not just depends on meaning, but the social bows are current of this. The research in development analyse conceptual elements to answer the question about the semiotic foundations of the information mediation processes. This paper aim to know and analyse the semiotic foundations of the information mediation processes in the Information Science context. It presents concepts and reflections regarding the relationship of the information mediation process Charles Peirce's Semiotics, especially, the discussion about the semiotic bases to information mediation process. It discusses the information mediation as a specialization of the communication process, developed, fundamentally, for the human action trying to solve communication and technical problems in sociocultural order.

Representação iterativa e folksonomia assistida para repositórios digitais

Information retrieval has been much discussed within Information Science lately. The search for quality information compatible with the users needs became the object of constant research.Using the Internet as a source of dissemination of knowledge has suggested new models of information storage, such as digital repositories, which have been used in academic research as the main form of autoarchiving and disseminating information, but with an information structure that suggests better descriptions of resources and hence better retrieval.Thus the objective is to improve the process of information retrieval, presenting a proposal for a structural model in the context of the semantic web, addressing the use of web 2.0 and web 3.0 in digital repositories, enabling semantic retrieval of information through building a data layer called Iterative Representation.The present study is characterized as descriptive and analytical, based on document analysis, divided into two parts: the first, characterized by direct observation of non-participatory tools that implement digital repositories, as well as digital repositories already instantiated, and the second with scanning feature, which suggests an innovative model for repositories, with the use of structures of knowledge representation and user participation in building a vocabulary domain. The model suggested and proposed ─ Iterative Representation ─ will allow to tailor the digital repositories using Folksonomy and also controlled vocabulary of the field in order to generate a data layer iterative, which allows feedback information, and semantic retrieval of information, through the structural model designed for repositories. The suggested model resulted in the formulation of the thesis that through Iterative Representation it is possible to establish a process of semantic retrieval of information in digital repositories.

El área de gestión de la información y del conocimiento como frente de investigación en la Ciencia de la Información brasileña: análisis de la producción científica en el período 2000-2009

The management of information and knowledge has been one of the areas of expertise of the fastest growing Brazilian information science. The purpose of this work is to observe how this research front structure from the point of view of the subjects that compose and intellectual frameworks which supports. For this we have analyzed the content of scientific production published in four majo r national journals of the discipline: Ciência da Informação, DataGramaZero, Perspectivas em Ciência da Informação and Transinformação over 2000-2009. The methodology is based on co-occurrence analysis of keywords of articles and co-citation analysis of authors. For the representation and interpretation of the results are used to social network analysis (SNA). We conclude that both information management and knowledge management are closely linked areas within topics including approaches but no consensus answer from the point of view of intellectual frameworks referenced.

Tipos documentais e sua relação com o processo decisório de uma empresa hospitalar da região de Bauru/SP

Decisions are made constantly in organizational contexts; however, a wrong decision can bring undesirable consequences for organizations. In this sense, access to organic information becomes essential considering that decreases the uncertainties of managers in relation to decision making process. In this perspective, the identification of documental types from its production provides a consistent documental cycle, which will result in the recovery of information at the time requested by managers. Based on the above it was intended to verify what documental types recurrently used in the decision making process of a hospital company in the Bauru region, Sao Paulo State. For that, we applied the method 'Case Study' of Yin. We analyzed the information type that provided more security to the decision maker during the decision making. As a result, we elaborated a systematic documental organic types most used and most relevant to the decision-making process of the company, showing that when they are defined from the production of documents, the benefits for both the professional as archivist for the organization are significant.

Catalogação, formas de representação e construções mentais

The cataloging process, is responsible for building systems consisting of sets of interconnected elements and combined forms of representation, creating tools to facilitate the flow of information in various informational environments. It presents structures that offer favorable conditions for access to formal codes of symbolic representation and to the channels of information transfer, performing with competence the decoding and encoding of codes and rules used to represent knowledge and to describe information, documents and resources. The objective of this paper is to present the challenge of transforming operational data into consistent information, the role of the forms of representation and the mental constructions for defining the memory markers of users of catalogs. It shows as results the memory markers indicated by three categories of users for the description of a book like resource and points to the need of collaborative and cooperative work in cataloging and to the need of catalog modelling focused on the user.

Acessibilidade em Ambientes Informacionais Digitais

The current nature of World Wide Web (Web), which highlights the collaborative participation of users in some digital information environments, lead to development of guidelines with a focus on Inclusive Digital Information Architecture for a different audiences in multiples informational ambiences. This research proposes guidelines for a inclusive digital information environment, aiming to identify the elements of accessibility that allow the promotion of inclusion digital information, in order to highlight the references of the Architecture of Digital Information, the international recommendations and the structures representation of information (specially accessibility attributes), with the look of Information Science and New Technologies of Information and Communication. The thesis is as to the need to develop methodologies with guidelines that contemplate the elements of digital accessibility focused on the task of the user. The research problem is that actual methodologies and recommendations used for the development of digital information environments do not cover all the elements of accessibility with a focus on user needs. The proposition is to present, through a methodological approach (exploratory and descriptive), a theoretical-methodological proposal to promote elements of digital accessibility to the development of digital information environments, for users with or without special needs. The overall objective of this study is to contribute to the development of inclusive digital information environments, in perspective of union of theories, recommendations and technologies for the development of digital accessibility guidelines. In a theoretical dimension, the research covers a critical review of the specialized literature in the areas of Information Science and Computer Science and, in the applied part, the analysis and development of a proposal of guidelines for the architecture of a digital information environment with accessibility.