999 resultados para Cairoli, Benedetto, 1825-1889.
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Cyprien Ayer (1825–1888), figure marquante de la vie intellectuelle en Suisse au XIXe siècle, est l'auteur d’une vaste œuvre scientifique, journalistique et littéraire. Parmi ses travaux linguistiques les plus importants il faut mentionner sa Grammaire comparée de la langue française (1876; nombreuses rééditions), sa Phonologie de la langue française (1875), et son Introduction à l’étude des dialectes du pays (1878). Ce dernier texte, ouvrage pionnier dans le domaine des études francoprovençales, est réimprimé ici, précédé d'une introduction. Le présent recueil regroupe des contributions qui concernent l’œuvre linguistique et littéraire d’Ayer et ses rapports avec une autre figure-clef de la vie littéraire et intellectuelle en Suisse, Henri-Frédéric Amiel. Le recueil s’ouvre par une étude de la carrière d’Ayer et par une bibliographie de ses travaux scientifiques (grammaire, dialectologie, pédagogie, économie, géographie, statistique, politique, ethnographie).
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When the German government faced for the first time an irregular war in German East Africa in 1888, it realised that it did not have the necessary means for such a conflict. Hermann Wissmann, an explorer, was therefore given the mandate to form and lead a force of mercenaries that was bound to him personally on the basis of contracts. Although Wissmann was successful in crushing the disturbances, the government of the Reich refused to give him a leading administrative position in the new formed protectorate subordinate directly to the Kaiser. It feared that the entrepreneur of violence, which had up to then been backed up, would not accept the regulations of colonial rule that should be implemented. Soon, however, it became clear that due to entrenched local views on sovereignty and legitimacy it would be difficult to transfer the western European concept of the monopoly of the state on violence to Africa.
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von S. Kirschstein
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Autor. Übers. d. französ. Originaltextes
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M. Appel
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[Johann Heinrich Wilhelm] Witschel
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studj di M. Soave
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Société d'encouragement au travail en faveur Israélites indigents du Bas-Rhin
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Using the case study of Mauritius, and its integration into the international sugar commodity chain, this paper shows that the analysis of commodity chains can be fruitfully employed to respond to recent calls in the field of global/world history for a periodisation of globalisation. The entry of Mauritius into the British Empire brought about a particular kind of integration of the island into the capitalist world system. Central to this integration was the production of sugar under the West Indian Sugar Protocol, with this ultimately turning Mauritius from a free port into a plantation economy. This shaped the island's economic and political practice, and brought the formation of a range of institutions that sustained a high degree of inequality among Mauritians by finding ever newer ways of conciliating socio-economic mobility with exploitation. The paper discusses Mauritian history through the framework of bilateral and multilateral trading agreements that had a significant impact on the sugar industry, and kept the island economically dependent on this single crop. This only changed when the postcolonial state succeeded in diversifying the Mauritian economy during the 1970s and 1980s.