Treatise on the theory and practice of landscape gardening

Mode of access: Internet.

A history of mediaeval political theory in the West,

Vol.1, 1927 (2d ed.)

On the quantum theory of line-spectra,

Issued in three parts.

Relativity, the electron theory, and gravitation,

Mode of access: Internet.

Theory of the chess openings.

Mode of access: Internet.

Investigating responses of calcium carbonate nucleation rates in artificial seawater to changes in saturation states due to ocean acidification

Senior thesis written for Oceanography 445

Towards Accurate and Efficient Description of Excited States

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-06

High-pressure adsorption of supercritical gases on activated carbons: An improved approach based on the density functional theory and the bender equation of state

Adsorption of nitrogen, argon, methane, and carbon dioxide on activated carbon Norit R1 over a wide range of pressure (up to 50 MPa) at temperatures from 298 to 343 K (supercritical conditions) is analyzed by means of the density functional theory modified by incorporating the Bender equation of state, which describes the bulk phase properties with very high accuracy. It has allowed us to precisely describe the experimental data of carbon dioxide adsorption slightly above and below its critical temperatures. The pore size distribution (PSD) obtained with supercritical gases at ambient temperatures compares reasonably well with the PSD obtained with subcritical nitrogen at 77 K. Our approach does not require the skeletal density of activated carbon from helium adsorption measurements to calculate excess adsorption. Instead, this density is treated as a fitting parameter, and in all cases its values are found to fall into a very narrow range close to 2000 kg/m(3). It was shown that in the case of high-pressure adsorption of supercritical gases the PSD could be reliably obtained for the range of pore width between 0.6 and 3 run. All wider pores can be reliably characterized only in terms of surface area as their corresponding excess local isotherms are the same over a practical range of pressure.

Transition-state-theory calculations for reactions of O(3P) with halogenated olefins

The potential energy surfaces for the reactions of atomic oxygen in its ground electronic state, O(P-3), with the olefins: CF2=CCl2 and CF2=CF - CF3, have been characterized using ab initio molecular orbital calculations. Geometry optimization and vibrational frequency calculations were performed for reactants, transition states and products at the MP2 and QCISD levels of theory using the 6-31G(d) basis set. This database was then used to calculate the rate constants by means of Transition-State-Theory. To obtain a better reference and to test the reliability of the activation barriers we have also carried out computations using the CCSD(T)(fc)/6-311Gdagger, MP4(SDQ)(fc)/CBSB4 and MP2(fc)/CBSB3 single point energy calculations at both of the above levels of theory, as well as with the composite CBS-RAD procedure ( P. M. Mayer, C. J. Parkinson, D. M. Smith and L. Radom, J. Chem. Phys., 1998, 108, 604) and a modi. cation of this approach, called: CBS-RAD( MP2, MP2). It was found that the kinetic parameters obtained in this work particularly with the CBS-RAD ( MP2, MP2) procedure are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values. For both reactions it is found that the channels leading to the olefin double-bond addition predominates with respect to any other reaction pathway. However, on account of the different substituents in the alkenes we have located, at all levels of theory, two transition states for each reaction. Moreover, we have found that, for the reactions studied, a correlation exists between the activation energies and the electronic structure of the transition states which can explain the influence of the substituent effect on the reactivity of the halo-olefins.

Theory-of-mind development in oral deaf children with cochlear implants or conventional hearing aids

Background: In the context of the established finding that theory-of-mind (ToM) growth is seriously delayed in late-signing deaf children, and some evidence of equivalent delays in those learning speech with conventional hearing aids, this study's novel contribution was to explore ToM development in deaf children with cochlear implants. Implants can substantially boost auditory acuity and rates of language growth. Despite the implant, there are often problems socialising with hearing peers and some language difficulties, lending special theoretical interest to the present comparative design. Methods: A total of 52 children aged 4 to 12 years took a battery of false belief tests of ToM. There were 26 oral deaf children, half with implants and half with hearing aids, evenly divided between oral-only versus sign-plus-oral schools. Comparison groups of age-matched high-functioning children with autism and younger hearing children were also included. Results: No significant ToM differences emerged between deaf children with implants and those with hearing aids, nor between those in oral-only versus sign-plus-oral schools. Nor did the deaf children perform any better on the ToM tasks than their age peers with autism. Hearing preschoolers scored significantly higher than all other groups. For the deaf and the autistic children, as well as the preschoolers, rate of language development and verbal maturity significantly predicted variability in ToM, over and above chronological age. Conclusions: The finding that deaf children with cochlear implants are as delayed in ToM development as children with autism and their deaf peers with hearing aids or late sign language highlights the likely significance of peer interaction and early fluent communication with peers and family, whether in sign or in speech, in order to optimally facilitate the growth of social cognition and language.

The Society of States under siege? An English School perspective on the emergence of global civil society

In this article I critically examine the theoretical and empirical relationship between world society, whereby global civil society is taken to be its physical or empirical counterpart, and the society of states. This relationship is typically portrayed as contradictory or confrontational, and I contend that this mainstream perspective is reliant on a superficial analysis of the relationship. If one examines the deeper dynamics, viewed in their contemporary international normative context, then one can identify the more constructive and permissive aspects of the relationship. Rather than being wholly incompatible I argue that world society and international society are mutually constitutive and mutually dependent regimes, whose relationship is more often marked by cooperation than by conflict. English School theory provides the conceptual framework for this analysis. The relationship between international and world society presents a core ontological tension within this theory, and again they tend to occupy polarised positions. A synthesis of four international theories - pluralist international society theory, solidarist international society theory, critical international theory, and the discourse of global civil society - informs the hypothesis that the relationship can be normatively and empirically reconciled. In order to empirically support this explanation I analyse two phenomena in world politics - transnational advocacy networks and humanitarian intervention - where there is an apparent tension between international and world society.

Qubit channels that achieve capacity with two states

This paper considers a class of qubit channels for which three states are always sufficient to achieve the Holevo capacity. For these channels, it is known that there are cases where two orthogonal states are sufficient, two nonorthogonal states are required, or three states are necessary. Here a systematic theory is given which provides criteria to distinguish cases where two states are sufficient, and determine whether these two states should be orthogonal or nonorthogonal. In addition, we prove a theorem on the form of the optimal ensemble when three states are required, and present efficient methods of calculating the Holevo capacity.

Theory of strongly correlated electron systems. I. Intersite coulomb interaction and the approximation of renormalized fermions in total energy calculations

The diagrammatic strong-coupling perturbation theory (SCPT) for correlated electron systems is developed for intersite Coulomb interaction and for a nonorthogonal basis set. The construction is based on iterations of exact closed equations for many - electron Green functions (GFs) for Hubbard operators in terms of functional derivatives with respect to external sources. The graphs, which do not contain the contributions from the fluctuations of the local population numbers of the ion states, play a special role: a one-to-one correspondence is found between the subset of such graphs for the many - electron GFs and the complete set of Feynman graphs of weak-coupling perturbation theory (WCPT) for single-electron GFs. This fact is used for formulation of the approximation of renormalized Fermions (ARF) in which the many-electron quasi-particles behave analogously to normal Fermions. Then, by analyzing: (a) Sham's equation, which connects the self-energy and the exchange- correlation potential in density functional theory (DFT); and (b) the Galitskii and Migdal expressions for the total energy, written within WCPT and within ARF SCPT, a way we suggest a method to improve the description of the systems with correlated electrons within the local density approximation (LDA) to DFT. The formulation, in terms of renormalized Fermions LIDA (RF LDA), is obtained by introducing the spectral weights of the many electron GFs into the definitions of the charge density, the overlap matrices, effective mixing and hopping matrix elements, into existing electronic structure codes, whereas the weights themselves have to be found from an additional set of equations. Compared with LDA+U and self-interaction correction (SIC) methods, RF LDA has the advantage of taking into account the transfer of spectral weights, and, when formulated in terms of GFs, also allows for consideration of excitations and nonzero temperature. Going beyond the ARF SCPT, as well as RF LIDA, and taking into account the fluctuations of ion population numbers would require writing completely new codes for ab initio calculations. The application of RF LDA for ab initio band structure calculations for rare earth metals is presented in part 11 of this study (this issue). (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Theory of strongly correlated electron systems. II. Including correlation effects into electronic structure calculations

We have previously shown that a division of the f-shell into two subsystems gives a better understanding of the cohesive properties as well the general behavior of lanthanide systems. In this article, we present numerical computations, using the suggested method. We show that the picture is consistent with most experimental data, e.g., the equilibrium volume and electronic structure in general. Compared with standard energy band calculations and calculations based on the self-interaction correction and LIDA + U, the f-(non-f)-mixing interaction is decreased by spectral weights of the many-body states of the f-ion. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Primary Fields and Screening Currents of gl (2/2) non-unitary conformal field theory

The non-semisimple gl(2)k current superalgebra in the standard basis and the corresponding non-unitary conformal field theory are investigated. Infinite families of primary fields corresponding to all finite-dimensional irreducible typical and atypical representations of gl(212) and three (two even and one odd) screening currents of the first kind are constructed explicitly in terms of ten free fields. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.