两种缘毛类纤毛虫胞质Hsp70基因序列的克隆及其系统发育分析

克隆得到 2种缘毛类纤毛虫———钟形钟虫 (Vorticellacampanula)和螅状独缩虫 (Carchesiumpolyp inum)的胞质Hsp70基因部分序列 ,长度均为 4 38bp ,编码 14 6个氨基酸。以细菌为外类群 ,利用最大似然法和邻接法构建包括其他 5种纤毛虫在内的共 2 6个物种的Hsp70基因氨基酸序列系统发育树 ,其拓扑结构显示 :V campanula和C polypinum聚在一起 ,并与另 2种寡膜纲的嗜热四膜虫 (Tetrahymenathermophila)及草

斜带石斑鱼sox3基因cDNA的克隆及其时空表达特征分析

采用RACE-PCR方法从斜带石斑鱼的下丘脑SMART cDNA中克隆sox3基因,并研究其时空表达模式。研究结果表明,sox3 cDNA片段全长1152bp,共编码300个氨基酸。该基因在未受精卵和桑椹胚期仅可检测到微弱的转录本,从高囊胚期开始转录,一直到鱼苗1天,都维持着较高的表达水平。在肝和肾等6种组织中均检测不到转录本的存在,而在包括垂体和下丘脑等6种脑组织中可检测到不同强弱的转录本,呈现出很强的中枢神经系统的表达特异性。在未成熟卵巢中可检测到大量转录本的存在,在成熟卵子中可检测到微弱的转录本,而

Making the case for inclusive design.

This paper describes the University of Cambridge, Engineering Design Centre's (EDC) case for inclusive design, based on 10 years of research, promotion and knowledge transfer. In summary, inclusive design applies an understanding of customer diversity to inform decisions throughout the development process, in order to better satisfy the needs of more people. Products that are more inclusive can reach a wider market, improve customer satisfaction and drive business success. The rapidly ageing population increases the importance of this approach. The case presented here has helped to convince BT, Nestlé and others to adopt an inclusive approach.

从灭活病毒诱导的培养细胞中鉴定鱼类抗病毒相关基因

紫外线灭活的草鱼出血病病毒(GCHV)能诱导鲫鱼囊胚培养细胞(CAB)产生高滴度的干扰素并抵抗病毒入侵,其机制可能是通过诱导一组抗病毒相关基因的表达,而使寄主细胞建立起抗病毒状态.利用抑制性差减杂交技术,构建了灭活病毒诱导鱼类培养细胞基因差异表达的差减cDNA文库.从差减文库中筛选鉴定出272个差异cDNA片段,测序分析发现它们为69个基因,其中46个为已知基因的同源物,23个为未知的假定基因.已知基因包括I型干扰素信号通路的基因Statl和JakI,抗病毒基因Mx和Viperin,以及一系列干扰素激活基

Empathy for pain involves the affective but not sensory components of pain.

Our ability to have an experience of another's pain is characteristic of empathy. Using functional imaging, we assessed brain activity while volunteers experienced a painful stimulus and compared it to that elicited when they observed a signal indicating that their loved one--present in the same room--was receiving a similar pain stimulus. Bilateral anterior insula (AI), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), brainstem, and cerebellum were activated when subjects received pain and also by a signal that a loved one experienced pain. AI and ACC activation correlated with individual empathy scores. Activity in the posterior insula/secondary somatosensory cortex, the sensorimotor cortex (SI/MI), and the caudal ACC was specific to receiving pain. Thus, a neural response in AI and rostral ACC, activated in common for "self" and "other" conditions, suggests that the neural substrate for empathic experience does not involve the entire "pain matrix." We conclude that only that part of the pain network associated with its affective qualities, but not its sensory qualities, mediates empathy.

洪湖及其周围三种湖相粘土的微结构特征与沉积环境

在江汉平原濒临长江北岸的洪湖及其周围的土壤中 ,分别取得沉积物柱状钻孔样品和土壤剖面样品 ,用偏光显微镜和电子显微镜观察了 2 .5kaBP以来形成的三种湖相粘土的微结构特征 ,并以此解释的其成因和沉积环境 .0 .9- 2 .5kaBP期间形成的青色粘土的典型微结构有 :凝胶结构、细颗粒粒径和小孔隙、矿物颗粒低圆度和淡水中心冈硅藻等生物框架结构 .主要是有机质胶体与粘土胶体相互作用形成的 .此期间 ,河流带入湖泊的泥沙少 ,洪湖拥有一个开阔、稳定、浮游生物较多的淡水湖泊环境 .0 .4 5 - 1kaB

水生植物对富营养水体水质净化作用研究

利用富营养浅水湖泊武汉东湖中所建立的大型实验围隔系统 ,对沉水植物的水质净化作用作了现场实验研究。重建后的沉水植物可以显著改善水质 ,水体透明度显著提高 ,水色降低。在研究期间 ,水生植物围隔 CODCr和 BOD5一般分别为 2 0和 5 mg/L左右 ;对照围隔和大湖水体则分别约为 40和 1 0 mg/L。水生植物围隔水体中可检出的有机污染种类也较对照围隔和大湖水体低。实验结果表明恢复以沉水植物为主的水生植被是改善富营养湖泊水质和重建生态系统的有效措施

The impact of government policy on technology transfer: An aircraft industry case study

This case study explores the interaction between domestic and foreign governmental policy on technology transfer with the goal of exploring the long-term impacts of technology transfer. Specifically, the impact of successive licensing of fighter aircraft manufacturing and design to Japan in the development of Japan's aircraft industry is reviewed. Results indicate Japan has built a domestic aircraft industry through sequential learning with foreign technology transfers from the United States, and design and production on domestic fighter aircraft. This process was facilitated by governmental policies in both Japan and the United States. Published by Elsevier B.V.

A theory of slow feature analysis for transformation-based input signals with an application to complex cells

We develop a group-theoretical analysis of slow feature analysis for the case where the input data are generated by applying a set of continuous transformations to static templates. As an application of the theory, we analytically derive nonlinear visual receptive fields and show that their optimal stimuli, as well as the orientation and frequency tuning, are in good agreement with previous simulations of complex cells in primary visual cortex (Berkes and Wiskott, 2005). The theory suggests that side and end stopping can be interpreted as a weak breaking of translation invariance. Direction selectivity is also discussed. © 2011 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

切除顶技对加拿大伊乐藻生长的影响

切除５ｃｍ顶枝使加拿大伊乐藻生物量立即下降２８％，净光合作用速率（Ｐｎ）和植株光合作用产量（ＰｈＰ）与对照相比立即下降５０％以上，去顶也对各种生长指标造成不同程度的即时损伤。经过随后２８ｄ的生长试验后，处理组与对照相比，生物量和总枝长（主枝＋侧枝）增长率分别下降４５％和５３％，主枝伸长几乎停止；侧枝（分枝）数增长略有下降；水分含量明显增加；试验期间Ｐｎ平均下降了４０％，ＰｈＰ平均下降了５１％．表明去顶对生物量增长、主枝伸长和冠层的发育有明显的抑制，对分枝数没有明显的影响。光合产量较生物量增长幅度的下降明显

A combined nonfertile and UO2 PWR fuel assembly for actinide waste minimization

A new combined Non Fertile and Uranium (CONFU) fuel assembly is proposed to limit the actinides that need long-term high-level waste storage from the pressurized water reactor (PWR) fuel cycle. In the CONFU assembly concept, ∼20% of the UO2 fuel pins are replaced with fertile free fuel hosting the transuranic elements (TRUs) generated in the previous cycle. This leads to a fuel cycle sustainable with respect to net TRU generation, and the amount and radiotoxicity of the nuclear waste can be significantly reduced in comparison with the conventional once-through UO2 fuel cycle. It is shown that under the constraints of acceptable power peaking limits, the CONFU assembly exhibits negative reactivity feedback coefficients comparable in values to those of the reference UO2 fuel. Feasibility of the PWR core operation and control with complete TRU recycle has been shown based on full-core three-dimensional neutronic simulation. However, gradual buildup of small amounts of Cm and Cf challenges fuel reprocessing and fabrication due to the high spontaneous fission rates of these nuclides and heat generation by some Pu, Am, and Cm isotopes. Feasibility of the processing steps becomes more attainable if the time between discharge and reprocessing is 20 yr or longer.

长喙毛茛泽泻的花器官发生

用扫描电镜对长喙毛茛泽泻（ＲａｎａｌｉｓｍａｒｏｓｔｒａｔｕｍＳｔａｐｆ．）的花器官发生进行了观察。该种的花器官发生在泽泻科中既典型又比较特殊。其特殊之处在于从花原基的发生直至最外轮６枚雄蕊原基的发生过程都存在单向发育：３个萼片原基和３个花瓣原基的发生存在次序性，萼片原基和花瓣原基均为顺时针发生，邻近花序侧生分支复合芽的萼片原基和花瓣原基倾向于优先发生；最外轮６枚雄蕊的发生是成对的按对萼的形式发生。这是以往对该属花器官发生研究没有注意到的。由雄蕊原基向心皮原基的转变发生在与最外轮６枚雄蕊相交替的６个位点，

鱼类寄生线虫伍氏属鳠伍氏线虫新属新种的研究

本文报道了我国西南武陵山区鱼类寄生线虫一新种——鳠伍氏线虫,新种(Wuinemamysti sp.nov.);建立了伍氏属一新属(Wuinema gen.nov.),隶属于琴柏科(Quimperiidae),琴柏亚科(Quimperiinae)。

新疆福海底栖动物的研究

本文报道了1985年7月在新疆福海四个湖区的7个断面39个采样点上计采到寡毛类9种,水生昆虫42种,软体动物11种,其它动物7种。在调查湖区中以小海子的种类最多,大海子最少。全湖底栖动物的平均密度为1083个/m~3,生物量为18.544g/m~2。不同湖区中的现存量有一定差别,密度以中海子为最大,生物量则以“七十三公里”湖区为最高。文中扼要分析了环境条件对底栖动物种类组成和数量分布等方面的影响。