1000 resultados para variação somaclonal
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This study has investigated the genetic variation for silvicultural traits in an open-pollinated progeny test of Astronium graveolens Jacq., established at Luiz Antônio Experimental Station (State of São Paulo, Brazil). The trial was planted in a random block experimental design, containing 23 families, six replications and five plants per plot. The traits measured were diameter at breast height (DBH), total height and stem form. The assessments were taken at the age of 19 years. Significant differences were not detected by the analysis of variance, suggesting that the genetic variation was low, as well as the probability to raising genetic gains through selection among progenies. The coefficient of genetic variation was moderate for the traits height (8.2%) and DBH (21.2%) and low to stem form (4.0%). However, the average coefficient of heritability among progenies was low for all studied traits (ranging from 0.02 to 0.15), confirming the low probability of genetic improvement of this population by selection among progenies.
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The present study evaluated the liver with homogeneous parenchyma in dogs, with diffuse reduced echogenicity (G1), increased echogenicity (G2) and normal echogenicity (G3) by ultrasound examination associating the findings on animal profile, liver size and hematology and biochemistry results. Blood samples obtained by cephalic or jugular venipunture were submitted for hemogram and ALT, ALP, total proteins, albumin, globulin, urea and creatinine analysis. Among the 30 dogs in G1, 30 (100%) presented portal venous and gall bladder wall clarity, 23 (76.67%) presented normal liver size and edges, 15 (50%) were from 1 to 6 years old and 8 (26.67%) belonged to the lhasa apso breed. No predispositions were found according to gender, as well as no significant alterations in biochemical and hematological exams were observed in G1. The most prevalent disease found in this group was gastroenteritis (43.33%). Among the 30 dogs in G2, 27 (90%) presented hepatomegaly and rounded hepatic edges, 18 (60%) were over 9 years old, 16 (53.33%) were female and 9 (30%) belonged to the poodle breed. The laboratorial findings related to this group were increased ALT and ALP serum activity, decreased levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, erythrocytes and hematocrit, as well as leukocytosis with neutrophilia and a left shift, eosinopenia, lymphopenia and monocytosis. The most prevalent diseases found in this group were metabolic disorders (54%), such as diabetes mellitus and hyperadrenocorticism, and chronic hepatopathies (17%) due to prolonged and continuous use of corticoid and anticonvulsive drugs. Among the 30 dogs in the control group (G3), normal liver size and edges were presented in 22 (73.33%). In this group, no alterations were seen in laboratorial exams.
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Pós-graduação em Fonoaudiologia - FFC
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The wood of Eucalyptus tereticornis is intensively used for timber, structures, buildings, poles, posts and coal. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and genetic and phenotypic correlations in growth and stem form traits of 52 open-pollinated progenies of E. tereticornis sampled from three Australian populations (20 progenies from Helenvale, 19 from Ravenshoe and 13 from Mt. Garnet). The progenies were compared with three commercial control also from Australian. The experimental design used was the compact family block, with the effect of provenance allocated in the plots and progenies within provenances in the subplots. Ten repetitions of the 52 treatments, sub-plots with six plants and the spacing of 3 x 2 m was used. At 25 years of age it was measured the diameter at breast height (DBH), total height, true volume and the stem form. We found genetic variation amon and within the three provenances and the possibility of obtaining high gains from mass selection and individual among and within progenies. The provenance Helenvale showed the best development for DBH, height and volume. The traits DBH, height and volume showed high genetic correlations (> 0.9), indicating the possibility to use the indirect selection. The coefficient of heritability on a progeny mean for the traits DBH and height was median, being 0.31 and 0.30, respectively. The expected genetic gain with the selection were estimated at 12.4% for DBH and 8.5 % for plant height. These results will subsidize the transformation of the provenance and progeny test in a seedling seed orchard and a clonal seed orchard.
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Pós-graduação em Anestesiologia - FMB
Variação espaço-temporal de atributos ecológicos da ictiofauna de um grande reservatório Neotropical
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Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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This monograph analyzes, based on the collected data, some aspects of the teaching of the linguistic variation in schools: if the linguistic studies have been incorporated in teaching in some way in order to promote a less conservative and prejudiced perception of language, providing students the opportunity to recognize the different language varieties and judge the situations in which each of them is the most appropriate one
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The study of the generation of landfill gas contributes to the understanding of the relationship between gas production and other parameters, such as time of disposal of waste and moisture (rainfall) and, thus, can subsidize the viability study for energy. This study aims to evaluate the interference of the time of disposal of waste and moisture (rainfall) in the production and composition of biogas generated at the landfill in Rio Claro - SP. As a result it was observed that for the landfill studied, the average percentage of methane in biogas ranged from 49.9% to 54.7%. It was found that moisture (rainfall) and the time of waste disposal are parameters which do not cause significant changes in methane concentration in biogas. However, when analyzed the flow of biogas, which had the maximum average value of 152.86m3/h and minimum average value of 15.47m3/h was observed great interference of moisture (rainfall) and the time of disposal of waste, because well of gas located in newer areas of the landfill showed higher values of flow rate than the areas where the landfill was the beginning of the arrangement. The same way, it was observed that in the dry season flow of biogas decreased in all drains gas analyzed
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A Mata Atlântica Brasileira apresenta ampla distribuição e diferenças regionais na composição de suas paisagens, favorecendo alta diversidade e endemismo. O grupo de espécies de Rhinella crucifer é endêmico a este bioma, e distribui-se através de todo seu domínio. O grupo é composto por cinco morfoespécies, definidas com o auxilio da morfometria tradicional. Recentemente foi encontrado que apenas três destas morfoespécies correspondem a linhagens genéticas exclusivas. Neste trabalho é proposta uma releitura da variação fenotípica das espécies de Rhinella do grupo crucifer com base na morfometria geométrica, uma técnica moderna capaz de detectar padrões de variação mais refinados. Tanto em análise realizada com peso igual para variações de forma globais e locais, quanto em análise que valoriza apenas variações localizadas houve a formação de dois grupos; um contendo morfoespécie Rhinella henseli e outro formado pelo restante das morfoespécies. A alta sobreposição encontrada neste segundo grupo evidencia grande semelhança na forma craniana, sendo R henseli a morfoespécie mais diferente do grupo. Este resultado é condizente com os achados genéticos recentes, podendo- se concluir que a variação fenotípica no grupo é acompanhada pela a variação genética. Um estudo futuro com amostragem mais representativa e aprimoramento na metodologia poderá contribuir para uma melhor compreensão da diversificação morfológica nesse grupo de espécies em escala mais fina.
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Increased demand for energy and the search for alternative energy sources are remarkable and current facts. The management of domestic solid waste is also part of the issue in view of the possibility of power generation in existing landfills, which could provide financial autonomy to the system of waste management and improve the environmental balance of landfills in Brazil, currently only used for final solids disposal. Landfill gas is a viable alternative energy source has been tested in landfills in the World and in Brazil. Thus, the research aimed to evaluate the percentage of methane (CH4) present in three sinks of gases from a landfill in the municipality of Rio Claro – SP (Brazil), and to estimate the potential methane generation over its life through the application of a mathematical model. As a result it was found that in general the percentage of methane present in the gases is significant, between 50 and 62%. It was also noted that waste with disposal time between 8 and 12 months already are in the methanogenic stage. Finally, there was a tendency to increase the generation of methane in the transition periods of rain and drought
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Insetos são estudados como modelos biológicos e evolutivos devido, principalmente, ao tamanho reduzido e ciclo de vida curto, tendo importância ecológica pelo fato de gerarem diversos benefícios em todos os ecossistemas e estarem presentes em todos os níveis tróficos. A espécie Zaprionus indianus pertence à família Drosophilidae, é nativa da África Tropical e foi recentemente introduzida no Brasil, causando grande preocupação devido aos danos causados na produção de figo roxo (Ficus carica). A temperatura é um dos fatores abióticos que influencia a velocidade de desenvolvimento, fecundidade e dispersão dos insetos, provocando alterações em aspectos morfológicos e relativos ao ciclo de vida de drosofilídeos. Estudos sobre a influência da temperatura no desenvolvimento de Z. indianus são importantes para um futuro programa de controle dessa praga, de acordo com as características climáticas de cada região. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas, em diferentes densidades larvais, sobre a espécie Z. indianus, visando analisar sua curva de crescimento e tamanho de asa. Adultos de Z. indianus foram coletados nas dependências da Universidade Estadual Paulista (Rio Claro - SP), com auxílio de puçá entomológico. Da amostra de drosofilídeos coletados, os espécimes de Z. indianus foram identificados e mantidos em potes plásticos redondos, estes acondicionados em câmaras climáticas sob condições controladas de temperatura e umidade e fotoperíodo. Foi oferecida como alimento dieta artificial comum de drosofilídeos feita à base de banana. Os ovos obtidos foram contados e separados em densidades de 100 e 500 indivíduos, em duplicata para cada densidade e temperatura testadas; os imaturos foram mantidos sob as mesmas condições que os parentais, exceto pela temperatura que foi estipulada de forma a se estudar os efeitos de três... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)