Reactivity of p53 protein in canine transmissible venereal tumor

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aspectos clínico e cirúrgicos do tumor mamário canino: clinical and surgical evolution

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Use of scanning electron microscopy for the evaluation of intestinal epithelium integrity

Propõe-se, neste trabalho, o uso de microscopia eletrônica de varredura para avaliar perda de epitélio intestinal da mucosa intestinal de pintos machos e fêmeas submetidos a prolongado jejum pós-eclosão de água e ração. Dois segmentos do duodeno, jejuno e íleo por ave foram coletados e processados pelo método de rotina para microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Seis diferentes graus de perda de epitélio intestinal foram determinados: grau 0, vilos normais, sem extrusão; grau 1, vilos com pequenos pontos de extrusão; grau 2, vilos com perda de epitélio no ápice; grau 3, vilos com perda de epitélio na região apical; grau 4, vilos com perda de epitélio em sua metade superior; grau 5: vilos sem epitélio; grau 6: vilo quebrado. As três regiões intestinais das fêmeas apresentaram aproximadamente 90% de seus vilos normais (graus 0 e 1), enquanto nos machos ocorreu 38% de vilos normais no duodeno e jejuno e 85% no íleo. Além disso, machos apresentaram graus mais acentuados de perda de epitélio (graus 3, 4, 5 e 6) que as fêmeas (grau 3). Os dados indicaram que a mucosa intestinal de pintos machos é mais sensível a prolongado jejum pós-eclosão que a de pintos fêmeas. A microscopia eletrônica de varredura pode ser usada como um método de rotina seguro para a caracterização e quantificação de perda de epitélio intestinal.

INTRAOCULAR TRANSMISSIBLE VENEREAL TUMOR IN A DOG

Tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT) é uma neoplasia de células redondas que acomete a mucosa genital externa de cães, machos e fêmeas. A transmissão decorre da implantação de células tumorais durante o coito, brigas ou interações entre animais portadores e susceptíveis. Existem relatos referindo-se a localizações atípicas do TVT, mas metástases raramente ocorrem. O presente relato descreve um caso incomum de TVT, com acometimento intra-ocular e metástases nos linfonodos ingüinais, num cão Terrier Brasileiro, com seis anos de idade. O animal apresentava massas anormais de tecido no olho direito, extremidade do pênis e aumento de volume de linfonodos da região ingüinal. A histopatologia do globo ocular e as citologias da massa peniana e dos nódulos subcutâneos evidenciaram aspectos citológicos semelhantes, caracterizados por células redondas com núcleo grande e nucléolo proeminente localizado centralmente. O citoplasma apresentou-se pálido e com presença de vacúolos pequenos e arredondados. O diagnóstico de TVT com acometimento intra-ocular e metástases em linfonodos foi baseado nos achados clínicos, citológicos e histopatológicos.

Expressão da E-caderina em carcinoma de células escamosas e no tumor de células basais de cães

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Immunological response in mice bearing LM3 breast tumor undergoing Pulchellin treatment

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis outer proteins (Yops) on interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide production by peritoneal macrophages

An essential key to pathogenicity in Yersinia is the presence of a 70 kb plasmid (pYV) which encodes a type-III secretion system and several virulence outer proteins whose main function is to enable the bacteria to survive in the host. Thus, a specific immune response is needed in which cytokines are engaged. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of Yersinia outer proteins (Yops) released by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis on the production of the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and nitric oxide (NO) by murine peritoneal macrophages. To this end, female Swiss mice were infected intravenously with wild-type Y pseudotuberculosis or with mutant strains unable to secrete specific Yops (YopE, YopH, YopJ, YopM, and YpkA). on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days after infection, the animals were sacrificed and the cytokines and NO were assayed in the peritoneal macrophages culture supernatants. A fall in NO production was observed during the course of infection with all the strains tested, though during the infection with the strains that did not secrete YopE and YopH, the suppression occurred later. There was, in general, an unchanged or sometimes increased production of TNF-alpha between the 7th and the 21st day after infection, compared to the control group, followed by an abrupt decrease on the last day of infection. The IL-12 production was also suppressed during the infection, with most of the strains tested, except with those that did not secrete YopJ and YopE. The results suggest that Yops may suppress IL-12, TNF-alpha, and NO production and that the most important proteins involved in this suppression are YopE and YopH. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of the essential oil of Achillea millefolium L. in the production of hydrogen peroxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in murine macrophages

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Modulation of macrophage cytokine profiles during solid tumor progression: susceptibility to Candida albicans infection

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo da angiogênese pelo CD105 e FvW no carcinoma epidermóide oral e sua relação com o estadiamento clínico do tumor

The purpose of this study was to assess the immunohistochemical expression of CD105 and FvW antibodies in the angiogenesis of oral epidermoid carcinoma (OEC), correlating it with the TNM clinical staging system, seeking a better understanding of its biological behavior and use as an indicator of prognosis.The sample consisted of 30 epidermoid carcinoma (EC) cases, 10 of the floor of the mouth, 10 of the retromolar region and 10 of the tongue, in addition to 10 cases of pyogenic granuloma, which made up the control group. The results showed that mean microvessel counts (MVC) were correspondingly higher in the pyogenic granuloma group (CD105 = 57.26 vessels and FvW = 39.64) than in the EC group (CD105 = 10.09 and FvW = 12.20) and that the differences were statistically significant between the groups for each of the angiogenic biomarkers (p = 0.002 for CD105 and p< 0.001 for FvW). CD105 had better positivity in the pyogenic granuloma group (mean = 57.26 vessels) and for EC, FvW had the highest expression (mean = 12.20 vessels). With respect to EC, the most affected age group was between 51 and 70 years (n = 14; 46.7%), with a representative MVC for both markers. No statistically significant difference was found between the sexes for any of the markers (p = 0.967 for CD105 and p = 0.744 for FvW). Mean CD105 levels were much higher in patients with stage T3 and T4 (17.13) and lower in those with stage N+ (6.36). Mean FvW levels were higher in the patients with stage T1 and T2 (12.23) and lower in patients with T3 and T4 (12.10), but without a statistically significant difference. In regard to anatomic location, a statistically significant difference was observed between FvW sites, with a statistically significant difference between floor of the mouth cases and those located in the retromolar region (p =0.013). Therefore, this study suggests that CD105 expression in OEC angiogenesis, in contrast to other types of malignant neoplasias, may not be correlated with prognosis and tumor aggressiveness, whereas FvW was a more effective antibody for staining this lesion

Avaliação imuno-histoquímica da BMP-2, BMP-4 e seus receptores (BMPRIA e BMPRII) em ameloblastomas e tumor odontogênico adenomatóide

BMPs are components superfamily ligands transformation growth fator-β (TGF-β) secreted into the extracellular environment, with mechanisms of intercellular communication through specific ligands and receptors in various target cells, being recognized for its influence in osteogenic induction, also play an important role in tissue homeostasis, cell proliferation, differentiation control , in addition to being present in the development of various malignancies. The aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of BMP-2, BMP-4 and its receptors BMPRIA and BMPRII in cases of ameloblastoma and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor. The sample consisted of 20 cases of solid ameloblastoma (SA), 10 cases of ameloblastoma unicystic (UA) and 16 cases of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT). The expression of BMPs and their receptors was evaluated in the parenchyma and stroma of lesions, establishing the percentage of immunopositive cells (0 - negative; 1-1 % to 10 % of cells positive; 2 - 11% to 25% of positive cells; 3 - 26% to 50% of cells positive; 4 - 51% to 75 % of positive cells; 5 - more than 75% positive cells). Analysis of the expression of BMP-2 revealed no statistically significant differences in parenchymal (p = 0.925) and stromal component (p = 0.345) between the groups, as well as BMP-4 (p = 0.873 / p = 0.131). In the epithelial component, SA and AOT had a higher frequency of score 5. In turn, all cases of UA were classified as score 5. The analysis of the stromal component showed no statistically significant difference between groups with respect to median scores BMPRIA positivity (p = 0.768) and BMPRII (p = 0.779). In the epithelial component of SA and UA, no statistically significant correlations between imunoexpression proteins analyzed were observed. In turn, the group of AOT, statistically significant positive correlations between the scores of expression of all studied proteins were found. In the stromal component, statistically significant positive correlations were found only in the SA group in BMP -4 and BMPRII (r = 0.476; p = .034), in the UA in BMP-4 and BMPRIA (r = 0.709; p = 0.022). The results of this study suggest that the BMPs and their receptors are involved in the development process odontogenic tumors. BMP-4, in turn, besides being present in odontogenic tumors have the capacity to form mineralized material.

Estudo da expressão imuno-histoquímica das proteínas MMP-9, MMP-13 e TIMP-1 em ameloblastomas e tumores odontogênicos ceratocistos

Ameloblastomas and keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOT) represent odontogenic lesions that, despite their benign nature, are distinguished by a distinct biological behavior, characterized by locally aggressive growth and recurrent episodes. The gnathic bone resorption caused by the growth of these lesions is a key to the expansion of the same, both being mediated by osteoclastic cells like enzymatic activity of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) factor. The expression of stimulatory factors and inhibitors of bone resorption has been correlated with the development of these lesions, with emphasis to some MMPs such as collagenases and gelatinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), among others. Based on the premise that stimulatory and inhibitory factors of osteolytic processes can be decisive for the growth rate of intraosseous odontogenic lesions, this experiment evaluated the immunoreactivity of MMP-9, -13 and TIMP-1 protein in the epithelium and mesenchyme of ameloblastoma and the KOT specimens, by a quantitative analysis of the immunoreactivity cells. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests with a significance level set at 5 %. Immunohistochemical expression of MMP-9, -13 and TIMP-1 was observed in 100% of cases both in the epithelium and in mesenchyme. The immunoreactivity in the epithelium of KOT and ameloblastomas revealed a predominance of score 3 for MMP-9 (p=0.382) and MMP-13 (p=0.069) and no statistically significance for TIMP-1, the latter being significantly higher immunoreactivity in ameloblastomas. In the mesenchyme, there was a higher score immunoreactivity of MMP-13 (p=0.031) in ameloblastomas in relation to KOT, whereas for MMP-9 and TIMP-1 no statistically significant difference (p=0.403 was observed, p=1.000). The calculation of the ratio of scores revealed expression of proteins in general, similarity of the lesions, a significant predominance of equal expression of TIMP-1 and MMP-9 was observed only in the epithelium of ameloblastoma. The marked immunostaining of MMP-9 , MMP-13 and TIMP-1 in epithelium and mesenchyme of the lesion indicate that these proteins involved in ECM remodeling required for tumor progression, however, specific differences in the expression of some of these proteins, are not sufficient to suggest differences in the biological behavior of ameloblastomas and KOTs

Expressão imuno-histoquimica da cicloxigenase-2 e p53 em cancinoma epidermóide oral

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity, accounting for more than 90% of all malignancies in this location. Cyclooxygenases (COX s) are key enzymes on arachidonic acid metabolism and prostaglandin synthesis, being expressed basically in two forms: the constitutive (COX-1) and the inducible (COX-2). Increased levels on the expression of COX-2 have been implicated in the pathogenesis tumor progression of various forms of human cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma, some of what suggesting a possible interaction between COX-2 and the protein expressed by the tumor suppressor gene p53, mutated in more than 50% of all human cancers. The mean of the present research consisted in analyze the correlation between the expression of COX-2 and p53, at the protein level, as well as evaluate the difference on the expression of these two proteins with the histological grading of malignancy. 34 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma were selected and graded according to the histological grading system proposed by Bryne (1998) and the labeling indexes (LI s) for COX-2 and p53 evaluated using immunohistochemistry method. The results revealed that COX-2 was expressed in increased levels in most of the specimens, although there was no statistic significant correlation between LI s from COX-2 and p53 (p>0.05), and there were no statistical differences on the expression of these proteins between tumors of high and low grade of malignancy (p>0.05). Interestingly, the expression of COX-2 and p53 was detected in fragments of dysplastic oral epithelium adjacent to tumor areas, on basal and suprabasal layers. The absence of statistical correlation between the expression of COX-2 and p53 proteins do not rule ot the existence of a relation between them, were it may reflect the diversity of regulatory pathways between both, different direct and indirect inhibitory effects of COX-2 over p53, as well as the wide range of activation macheenisms for COX-2 and mutational status of the p53 gene Another conclusion point that the increased expression of COX-2 observed in oral squamous cell carcinomas suggest a role for this protein in the processes of pathogenesis and tumoral evolution of this malignant neoplasm