Produção de híbridos de amendoim forrageiro por meio de hibridação artificial

O objetivo deste trabalho foi a obtenção de híbridos de amendoim forrageiro por meio da hibridação artificial. O experimento foi realizado na Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, durante a época de florescimento dos acessos de Arachis pintoi Krap. & W. C. Gregory e de A. repens Handro. Cerca de 700 polinizações produziram 27 segmentos de frutos, com taxas de fecundação que variaram entre 1,1 e 12,9%, considerando-se todas as combinações híbridas. Os híbridos intra-específicos de A. pintoi produziram sementes F2, e os interespecíficos não produziram semente. A técnica de hibridação utilizada nas espécies forrageiras necessitou de ajustes, devido a diferenças observadas em relação ao amendoim cultivado, entre elas o hábito de crescimento.

Polyphenol-rich foods in the Mediterranean diet are associated with better cognitive function in elderly subjects at high cardiovascular risk

Brain oxidative processes play a major role in age-related cognitive decline, thus consumption of antioxidant-rich foods might help preserve cognition. Our aim was to assess whether consumption of antioxidant-rich foods in the Mediterranean diet relates to cognitive function in the elderly. In asymptomatic subjects at high cardiovascular risk (n = 447; 52% women; age 5580 y) enrolled in the PREDIMED study, a primary prevention dietary-intervention trial, we assessed food intake and cardiovascular risk profile, determined apolipoprotein E genotype, and used neuropsychological tests to evaluate cognitive function.We also measured urinary polyphenols as an objective biomarker of intake. Associations between energy-adjusted food consumption, urinary polyphenols, and cognitive scores were assessed by multiple linear regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Consumption of some foods was independently related to better cognitive function. The specific associations [regression coefficients (95% confidence intervals)] were: total olive oil with immediate verbal memory [0.755 (0.1511.358)]; virgin olive oil and coffee with delayed verbal memory [0.163 (0.0100.316) and 0.294 (0.0550.534), respectively];walnuts with working memory [1.191 (0.0612.322)]; and wine with Mini-Mental State Examination scores [0.252 (0.0060.496)]. Urinary polyphenols were associated with better scores in immediate verbal memory [1.208 (0.2362.180)]. Increased consumption of antioxidant-rich foods in general and of polyphenols in particular is associated with better cognitive performance in elderly subjects at high cardiovascular risk. The results reinforce the notion that Mediterranean diet components might counteract age-related cognitive decline.

Essential residues in the H-NS binding site of Hha, a co-regulator of horizontally acquired genes in Enterobacteria

Proteins of the Hha/YmoA family co-regulate with H-NS the expression of horizontally acquired genes in Enterobacteria. Systematic mutations of conserved acidic residues in Hha have allowed the identification of D48 as an essential residue for H-NS binding and the involvement of E25. Mutations of these residues resulted in deregulation of sensitive genes in vivo. D48 is only partially solvent accessible, yet it defines the functional binding interface between Hha and H-NS confirming that Hha has to undergo a conformational change to bind H-NS. Exposed acidic residues, such as E25, may electrostatically facilitate and direct the approach of Hha to the positively charged region of H-NS enabling the formation of the final complex when D48 becomes accessible by a conformational change of Hha.

Local model predictive control experiences with differential driven wheeled mobile robots

This work extends a previously developed research concerning about the use of local model predictive control in differential driven mobile robots. Hence, experimental results are presented as a way to improve the methodology by considering aspects as trajectory accuracy and time performance. In this sense, the cost function and the prediction horizon are important aspects to be considered. The aim of the present work is to test the control method by measuring trajectory tracking accuracy and time performance. Moreover, strategies for the integration with perception system and path planning are briefly introduced. In this sense, monocular image data can be used to plan safety trajectories by using goal attraction potential fields

Mobile Robot Local Predictive Control under Perception Constraints

This research extends a previously developed work concerning about the use of local model predictive control in mobile robots. Hence, experimental results are presented as a way to improve the methodology by considering aspects as trajectory accuracy and time performance. In this sense, the cost function and the prediction horizon are important aspects to be considered. The platformused is a differential driven robot with a free rotating wheel. The aim of the present work is to test the control method by measuring trajectory tracking accuracy and time performance. Moreover, strategies for the integration with perception system and path planning are also introduced. In this sense, monocular image data provide an occupancy grid where safety trajectories are computed by using goal attraction potential fields

Política criminal de la seguridad vial y garantías constitucionales

En este trabajo pretendo de poner de manifiesto las consecuencias de los cambios introducidos por LO 15/2007, de 30 de noviembre, en relación con la delincuencia en el tráfico viario, tanto respecto de los delitos contra la seguridad en el tráfico, como en relación con los homicidios y lesiones producidos en este ámbito. Desde una perspectiva formal, se modifica la denominación del Cap. IV del Título XVII, que pasa a denominarse delitos contra la Seguridad Vial, en lugar de delitos contra la Seguridad en el Tráfico.

Alcoholèmies i dret penal. Especial atenció a la pràctica policial

En la actualitat, la circulació de vehicles s'ha convertit en una activitat bàsica per al desenvolupament de l'economia mundial a la vegada que ha comportat una innumerable quantitat d'avantatges per als individus en àmbits tan dispars com són els laborals o els d'oci. Els progressos de la indústria automobilística han estat extraordinaris. No obstant això, ni el procés d'aprenentatge i adaptació per part dels conductors ni la millora del sistema d'infraestructures ha estat tan espectacular com l'augment del parc mòbil. A més, la informació subministrada pels mass media, en general, ha propiciat més que previngut la conducció irresponsable i perillosa. En conseqüència, el número de morts i ferits en accidents de trànsit es tan important que es pot considerar que estem davant un autèntic problema de salut pública mundial. Els poders públics han promogut campanyes publicitàries a favor d'una conducció responsable, han invertit en educació vial, han millorat la xarxa de carreteres i han creat un sistema sancionador administratiu i penal per castigar les infraccions a les normes de trànsit. Els resultats obtinguts han estat positius, reduint-se la mortalitat en Espanya en més d'un 50%. No obstant això, davant la persistència del número d'accidents mortals o amb greus lesions, el legislador ha optat per incrementar el sistema punitiu, limitant principis constitucionals tan bàsics com són els de presumpció d'innocència o de defensa.

Lipid binding by the unique and SH3 domains of c-Src suggests a new regulation mechanism

c-Src is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in numerous signal transduction pathways. The kinase,SH3 and SH2 domains of c-Src are attached to the membrane-anchoring SH4 domain through the flexible Unique domain. Here we show intra- and intermolecular interactions involving the Unique and SH3 domains suggesting the presence of a previously unrecognized additional regulation layer in c-Src. We have characterized lipid binding by the Unique and SH3 domains, their intramolecular interaction and its allosteric modulation by a SH3-binding peptide or by Calcium-loaded calmodulin binding to the Unique domain. We also show reduced lipid binding following phosphorylation at conserved sites of the Unique domain. Finally, we show that injection of full-length c-Src with mutations that abolish lipid binding by the Unique domain causes a strong in vivo phenotype distinct from that of wild-type c-Src in a Xenopus oocyte model system, confirming the functional role of the Unique domain in c-Src regulation.

Mobile robot experimental modeling and control strategies using sensor fusion

This research work deals with the problem of modeling and design of low level speed controller for the mobile robot PRIM. The main objective is to develop an effective educational, and research tool. On one hand, the interests in using the open mobile platform PRIM consist in integrating several highly related subjects to the automatic control theory in an educational context, by embracing the subjects of communications, signal processing, sensor fusion and hardware design, amongst others. On the other hand, the idea is to implement useful navigation strategies such that the robot can be served as a mobile multimedia information point. It is in this context, when navigation strategies are oriented to goal achievement, that a local model predictive control is attained. Hence, such studies are presented as a very interesting control strategy in order to develop the future capabilities of the system. In this context the research developed includes the visual information as a meaningful source that allows detecting the obstacle position coordinates as well as planning the free obstacle trajectory that should be reached by the robot

Recent advances in remote sensing image processing

Remote sensing image processing is nowadays a mature research area. The techniques developed in the field allow many real-life applications with great societal value. For instance, urban monitoring, fire detection or flood prediction can have a great impact on economical and environmental issues. To attain such objectives, the remote sensing community has turned into a multidisciplinary field of science that embraces physics, signal theory, computer science, electronics, and communications. From a machine learning and signal/image processing point of view, all the applications are tackled under specific formalisms, such as classification and clustering, regression and function approximation, image coding, restoration and enhancement, source unmixing, data fusion or feature selection and extraction. This paper serves as a survey of methods and applications, and reviews the last methodological advances in remote sensing image processing.

Polychlorinated trityl radicals for dynamic nuclear polarization: the role of chlorine nuclei

Polychlorinated trityl radicals bearing carboxylate substituents are water soluble persistent radicals that can be used for dynamic nuclear polarization. In contrast to other trityl radicals, the polarization mechanism differs from the classical solid effect. DFT calculations performed to rationalize this behaviour support the hypothesis that polarization is transferred from the unpaired electron to chlorine nuclei and from these to carbon by spin diffusion. The marked differences observed between neutral and anionic forms of the radical will be discussed.

Long-lived States in an intrinsically disordered protein domain

Long-lived states (LLS) are relaxation-favoured eigenstates of J-coupled magnetic nuclei. LLS were measured, along with classical 1H and 15 N relaxation rate constants, in aminoacids of the N-terminal Unique domain of the c-Src kinase (USrc), which is disordered in vitro under physiological conditions. The relaxation rates of LLS are a probe for motions and interactions in biomolecules. LLS of the aliphatic protons of glycines, with lifetimes ca. four times longer than their spin-lattice relaxation times, are reported for the first time in an intrinsically disordered protein domain (IDP). LLS relaxation experiments were integrated with 2D spectroscopy methods, further adapting them for studies on proteins.

Col·lecció permanentment en trànsit. Àlbum de viatge de Margot, l'obra picassiana

Les obres no només són des del moment que neixen, sinó que es fan al llarg del temps, i nosaltres les persones, generació rere generació, intervenim en aquest creixement. Heus aquí la importància de l¿àlbum, de l¿històric, de la provinença, del diari personal, del carnet, o de l¿estudi de la vida de l¿obra. Aquest treball es centra en estudiar com afecta l¿exposició d¿una obra, la posada en escena, en la percepció i la transmissió de coneixement d¿aquesta. L¿estudi està basat en l¿exemple d¿un cas concret, Margot, l¿obra picassiana del 1901. Per arribar-hi ha calgut conèixer la vida de l¿obra: des del context en què fou creada; als col·leccionistes o museus que l¿han acollit o l¿acullen; i als espais expositius on ha estat amb les acumulades exposicions temporals. Aquest recorregut històric l¿anomenem ¿àlbum de viatge¿. És en relació a la mobilitat de les obres, que ens qüestionem sobre els impactes de les exposicions temporals, aquesta observació és fonamentada, en aquest estudi, per l¿anàlisi transversal de la construcció de l¿¿àlbum¿ i les entrevistes realitzades al personal expert de l¿actual institució propietària de la peça objecte d¿estudi, el Museu Picasso de Barcelona.

Valoració dels estudiants de l"assignatura"Visió literària de l'evolució de les cures infermeres"

L"adaptació de les titulacions universitàries a l"EEES (Espai Europeu d"Educació Superior)implica l"adequació de metodologies didàctiques que fan de l"estudiant el protagonista del seu propi aprenentatge. L"assignatura"Visió literària de l"evolució de les cures infermeres" és una optativa de segon curs de la diplomatura d"Infermeria a la universitat de Barcelona que ha incorporat les últimes tendències pedagògiques per fer, de la literatura, un recurs didàctic per aprendre la Història de la Infermeria. L"objectiu d"aquest estudi és recollir les valoracions obtingudes a través dels estudiants respecte el desenvolupament general de l"assignatura. Els resultats obtinguts evidencien un alt grau de satisfacció per part dels estudiants en relació a la globalitat d"aquesta assignatura.

First genome size estimations for some eudicot families and genera

First genome size estimations for some eudicot families and genera.- Genome size diversity in angiosperms varies roughly 2400-fold, although approximately 45% of angiosperm families lack a single genome size estimation, and therefore, this range could be enlarged. To contribute completing family and genera representation, DNA C-Values are here provided for 19 species from 16 eudicot families, including first values for 6 families, 14 genera and 17 species. The sample of species studied is very diverse, including herbs, weeds, vines, shrubs and trees. Data are discussed regarding previous genome size estimates of closely related species or genera, if any, their chromosome number, growth form or invasive behaviour. The present research contributes approximately 1.5% new values for previously unreported angiosperm families, being the current coverage around 55% of angiosperm families, according to the Plant DNA C-Values Database.