Das Landgut Monrepos in Finnland. 1804 / von Ludwig Heinrich von Nicolay.

Front.: port. of L. H. v. Nicolay by Auguste Maurin. -- Plates by J. Jacottet illustrating Monrepos and surroundings. -- Ornamented pages. -- Paperback.

The first SEPServer event catalogue 68-MeV solar proton events observed at 1 AU in 1996-2010

SEPServer is a three-year collaborative project funded by the seventh framework programme (FP7-SPACE) of the European Union. The objective of the project is to provide access to state-of-the-art observations and analysis tools for the scientific community on solar energetic particle (SEP) events and related electromagnetic (EM) emissions. The project will eventually lead to better understanding of the particle acceleration and transport processes at the Sun and in the inner heliosphere. These processes lead to SEP events that form one of the key elements of space weather. In this paper we present the first results from the systematic analysis work performed on the following datasets: SOHO/ERNE, SOHO/EPHIN, ACE/EPAM, Wind/WAVES and GOES X-rays. A catalogue of SEP events at 1 AU, with complete coverage over solar cycle 23, based on high-energy (~68-MeV) protons from SOHO/ERNE and electron recordings of the events by SOHO/EPHIN and ACE/EPAM are presented. A total of 115 energetic particle events have been identified and analysed using velocity dispersion analysis (VDA) for protons and time-shifting analysis (TSA) for electrons and protons in order to infer the SEP release times at the Sun. EM observations during the times of the SEP event onset have been gathered and compared to the release time estimates of particles. Data from those events that occurred during the European day-time, i.e., those that also have observations from ground-based observatories included in SEPServer, are listed and a preliminary analysis of their associations is presented. We find that VDA results for protons can be a useful tool for the analysis of proton release times, but if the derived proton path length is out of a range of 1 AU < s[3 AU, the result of the analysis may be compromised, as indicated by the anti-correlation of the derived path length and release time delay from the asso ciated X-ray flare. The average path length derived from VDA is about 1.9 times the nominal length of the spiral magnetic field line. This implies that the path length of first-arriving MeV to deka-MeV protons is affected by interplanetary scattering. TSA of near-relativistic electrons results in a release time that shows significant scatter with respect to the EM emissions but with a trend of being delayed more with increasing distance between the flare and the nominal footpoint of the Earth-connected field line.

El ferrocarril a Igualada: la lluita pel progrés (1852-1893)

Hom veié que la lluita pel progrés era la lluita pel ferrocarril, i aquesta es convertí en el principal eix de les aspiracions igualadines durant les últimes dècades del segle XIX. La pregunta clau que cal fer-se és fins a quin punt l"aïllament ferroviari d"Igualada roman per causes pròpies o obeeix a plantejament més amplis. A retop d'aquesta, sorgeixen moltes altres preguntes: en quina mesura la solució del problema estava en mans igualadines?; eren aquests realment conscients de la seva situació i de les seves possibilitats?; fou correcta la seva actuació?; quines eren les condicions reals, tant locals com foranies, que jugaven en la qüestió ferroviària en particular i en l"econòmica en general?. Aquesta i d'altres preguntes són les que cal plantejar-se per tal de comprendre veritablement el problema del perllongat aïllament ferroviari d'Igualada.

Fåfäng önskan

Simananniemen käsikirjoituskokoelma.

Den 6 Maj Festkantat till Johann Ludwig Runebergs minne [Partituuri]

Soitinnus: sekakuoro, orkesteri.

Suurten ajattelijoiden elämäkerrat ja elämänpolut. Bertrand Russellin, Ludwig Wittgensteinin ja Georg Henrik von Wrightin elämäkerrat bourdieulais-pragmatististen ja latourilaisten näkökulmien vertailussa

Perinteisesti elämäkertoja on kirjoitettu sankareista, suurmiehistä tai jollakin tapaa erityislaatuisina pidetyistä henkilöistä. Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein ja Georg Henrik von Wright täyttävät suuren ajattelijan kriteerit. Tämän tutkimuksen lähtökohta on, ettei suuren ajattelijan asemaa voi saavuttaa ilman yhteisön hyväksyvää arviota. Usein sankariaseman tai jopa neron maineen saavuttaneiden menestyksen taustalla on auttajia, kollegoita, oppi-isiä, sopiva työtilaisuus, joskus jopa maailmanpoliittinen tilanne. Keitä tai mitä ovat nämä muut, usein vähälle huomiolle jääneet, menestystekijät kolmen filosofin urapoluilla? Tässä tutkimuksessa menestyksen osatekijöitä etsitään filosofien elämä- ja omaelämäkerroista kahden työtä varten konstruoidun käsitteellisen lähestymistavan avulla. Niistä ensimmäinen nojaa pääosin ranskalaisen sosiologin Pierre Bourdieun ajatuksiin habituksesta, kentästä ja kentällä tarvittavista pääomista yhdistettynä amerikkalaisen pragmatistifilosofin John Deweyn habit-käsitteeseen. Toinen lähestymistapa soveltaa ranskalaisen tieteensosiologin Bruno Latourin toimijaverkkoteoriaa. Paitsi metodologista hyötyä, lähestymistapojen vertailun tarkoitus on tuottaa apuvälineitä elämäkertojen analysoijille, lukijoille ja miksei myös niiden kirjoittajille.

Utilização de índices r e R obtidos de programas interlaboratoriais para o controle de precisão de método analítico: Determinação de água por Karl Fischer

Values of repeatability (r) and reproducibility (R) are parameters of an analytical method. They are related to the maximum difference between two results of analysis (permissible range) and can be obtained by interlaboratorial comparisons. They represent great importance for the quality control of the results and decisions about the fitness-for-purpose of the method. Water determination in fuel oil samples were performed by 16 laboratories, using the Karl Fischer reaction, during the period from June 1997 to December 1999. Values of r and R were presented. Discussion is made in terms of the main factors that would be contribution to analytical method variabilities and uncertainties of final results.