Influência do teor e granulometria da calcita e da temperatura de sinterização no desenvolvimento de massas cerâmicas para revestimento poroso(BIII)

This work aims at studying the influence of the concentration of calcite, its grain size and sintering temperature to obtain porous coating formulations that meet the design specifications. The experiments involved the physical-chemical and mineralogical caracterization of the raw materials, and mechanical tests on specimens dried and sintered, performing a planning mixture and factorial experiment, using the response surface methodology. The ceramic bodies studied were prepared by dry process, characterized, placed in conformity by uniaxial pressing and sintered at temperatures of 940 º C, 1000ºC, 1060ºC, 1120°C and 1180°C using a fast-firing cycle. The crystalline phases formed during sintering at temperatures under study, revealed the presence of anorthite and wolastonite, and quartz-phase remaining. These phases were mainly responsible for the physical and mechanical properties of the sintered especimens. The results shown that as increases the participation of carbonate in the composition of ceramic bodies there is an increase of water absorption and a slight reduction in linear shrinkage for all sintering temperatures. As for the mechanical strength it was observed that it tended to decrease for sintering at temperatures between 940 ° C and 1060 ° C and to increase for sintering at temperatures above 1060 ° C occurring with greater intensity for compositions with higher content of calcite. The resistence decreased with increasing participation of quartz in all sintering temperatures. The decrease in grain size of calcite caused a slight increase in water absorption for formulation with the same concentration of carbonate, remaining virtually unchanged the results of linear shrinkage and mechanical strength. In conclusion, porous ceramic coating (BIII) can be obtained using high concentrations of calcite and keeping the properties required in technical standards and that the particle size of calcite can be used as tuning parameter for the properties of ceramic products.

Correlação entre condições de saneamento básico e parasitoses intestinais na população de Assis, Estado de São Paulo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Uso da palha de carnaúba em revestimento de dutos

In this work, the plant species Copernicia prunifera (Miller) H. E. Moore (carnauba), naturally occurring which prevails in the northeast region of Brazil was the subject of studies aiming its use as external coating of pipelines used in petroleum industry. The part of the plant worked were the leaves, also called straw, which were coated with resinous material. For this purpose, it was necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of acrylic resins in the straw carnauba coating. The properties of the untreated carnauba straw and chemically treated with sodium hydroxide, hexane and carbon tetrachloride were investigated by ATRFTIR, SEM and thermal analysis. The first two techniques showed that treatment with solvents has caused major changes in the straw surface, while the thermal analysis indicated that the sodium hydroxide caused variations in thermal stability of straw constituents. Water absorption measurements showed that treatments have accelerated the absorption process and the reduction of contact angle values for treated samples with solvents indicated higher hidrophilicity of straw. The tensile tests showed lower values of elastic modulus and tensile strength for treated samples. Furthermore, coatings using pure commercial resins A and B as well as the formulations with clay were applied in straw and they were examined once again through thermal analysis, water absorption measurements, contact angle and mechanical tests. To analyze the effect of heat ageing, samples were subjected to tensile tests again in order to assess its resistance. The results showed that the resins/clay formulations increased thermal stability of straw, they promoted a good impermeabilization and caused significant decrease in the values of elastic modulus and tensile strength. Evaluating the ageing effect on the mechanical properties, it has been showed good recovery to the coated straw with the formulations A 60 and A 80% in modulus and tensile strength values and elongation at break values have remained very close. It is thus concluded that the carnauba straw can be used as a coating of pipelines with significant cost savings, since there is no need for pretreatment for its use and shows itself as a viable biotechnology alternative, contributing to the quality of coatings material and environment preservation.

Parâmetros hemogasométricos e equilíbrio ácido-básico de cabritos nascidos de partos normais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Observações morfológicas no epitélio de revestimento da rede testicular (RT) de codorna (Coturnix coturnix) da variedade italiana

The RT of domestic quail from Italian variety showed mainly an albuginic pattern being represented by tortuous channels lined predominately by a simple cubic epithelium. RT channels extended along the testicular albuginea and penetrates into the epididymal region (ER) through its myoconnective matrix. Passageways were continuous to proximal efferent ducts of the ER. Epithelium lining ultrastructure of RT passageways showed some differences between the spring and the inactive phase at middle fall, concerning the quail testicular reproductive cycle. The features observed in RT epitheliocytes in fall were the low cytoplasmic electrodensity, paucity of supranuclear vesicles, which were abundant and variable in form and shape in spring, and some degenerative aspects of cell organelles mainly in ER lamellae. Moreover, presence of apical cytoplasmic extrusions were verified in the fall. No marked features were seen in the RT ultrastructure during the winter and summer comparatively to the active phase of spring.

Análise do comportamento de queima de argilas e formulações para revestimento cerâmico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Compacidade do suporte cerâmico cru versus propriedades do revestimento cerâmico cozido

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aplicação de revestimento comestível em abacaxis processados por métodos combinados: isoterma de sorção e cinética de desidratação osmótica

A desidratação osmótica é uma etapa essencial na elaboração de produtos de fruta através da Tecnologia dos Métodos Combinados ou de Obstáculos (Hurdle Technology), pois reduz a atividade de água para níveis que, combinando um ou mais obstáculos, aumentam a estabilidade do produto. Neste processo há uma perda de água da fruta para a solução e incorporação de sólidos solúveis pelo produto. Este último fluxo é considerado uma desvantagem do processo pois pode alterar o sabor do produto. Neste trabalho estudou-se a ação de revestimentos comestíveis a base de alginato e gelatina aplicados em abacaxis, previamente à desidratação osmótica, como barreira à incorporação de sólidos solúveis. Os abacaxis com e sem revestimento (controle) foram desidratados em solução de sacarose sob condições isotérmicas. Foram determinadas as isotermas de dessorção de abacaxis revestidos com gelatina, alginato e sem revestimento e os parâmetros cinéticos do processo de desidratação osmótica. Abacaxis revestidos com alginato apresentaram menor velocidade de ganho de sólidos, sem alterar a velocidade de perda de água, quando comparado ao controle.

Fator de crescimento fibroblástico básico e seus receptores em relação à atividade proliferativa na placenta bubalina em diferentes fases da gestação

Estudou-se a distribuição espaço-temporal do fator de crescimento fibroblástico básico (bFGF), do receptor 1 do fator de crescimento fibroblástico (FGFR1) e do receptor 2 do fator de crescimento fibroblástico (FGFR2) na placenta bubalina, correlacionando-a à proliferação celular. Para a detecção do bFGF, FGFR1, FGFR2 e antígeno Ki-67, colheram-se 12 placentas de búfalas nos terços inicial, médio e final da gestação, em abatedouros, e realizaram-se testes de imunoistoquímica. Detectou-se e avaliou-se a expressão do bFGF, do FGFR1, do FGFR2 e do antígeno Ki-67 ao longo da gestação. No compartimento fetal da placenta, observaram-se correlações positivas entre a expressão do bFGF e Ki-67, entre FGFR1 e Ki-67 e entre FGFR2 com Ki-67 (r=0,313, 0,358 e 0,384, respectivamente). No epitélio e estroma maternos observaram-se altas correlações entre FGFR1 e Ki-67 (r=0,739 e r=0,511, respectivamente). Os resultados sugerem envolvimento do bFGF, FGFR1 e FGFR2 na proliferação do trofoblasto enquanto no compartimento materno da placenta bubalina apenas o FGFR1 atuaria como modulador dessa atividade.

A proposta curricular para o ensino de ciências e programas de saúde: uma síntese e detalhamento para o ciclo básico

O trabalho sintetiza a Proposta Curricular para o Ensino de Ciências e Programas de Saúde, elaborada pela Coordenadoria de Estudos e Normas Pedagógicas (CENP) da Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo. Evidencia-se sua sustentação teórica marcadamente sócio-histórica. São levantadas as dificuldades em se trabalhar esse enfoque pelo professor com formação tradicional. Discute-se a contribuição do profissional enfermeiro-educador, nesse quadro, relacionando-a à adequação dos elementos do plano de ensino da Proposta de Ciências da CENP (1992), particularmente dos temas relativos a saúde, para o Ciclo Básico.

O papel dos rins no equilíbrio ácido-básico em cães submetidos aos efeitos do halotano e hipercapnia

In eighteen dogs, the effects of halothane (0,75% and 1,5%) associated with a normo and hypercapnia (PaCO2 from 30 to 80 mmHg) on acid-base balance were studied. Determinations of creatine clearance, urinary flow, urinary acid excretion, and urinary ammonium excretion were made. Based on the results, it is concluded that halothane associated with hypercapnia decreases the glomerular filtration rate, the urinary flow, the urinary pH and the urinary bicarbonate and sodium excretion, increases the plasmatic bicarbonate concentration, the bicarbonate reabsorbed, the urinary acid excretion and the urinary ammonium excretion, but does not alter the base excess.

Rochas ornamentais e de revestimento do sudoeste do estado do mato grosso

Geological, petrographical, chemicals and technological studies of rocks of the southwest region of Mato Grosso State, Brazil have the purpose of qualification and application of these rocks as dimension stones. The first objective is to enlarge the offering of new esthetic varieties that show a standardization of technologic patterns, adequate characterization and classification assuring the correct specification of the rocks in relation to the use as dimension stones. Ten rock types are recognized for dimension stones, including granites, diabases, gneisses and amphibolites grouped by its colors in red, grey and black types and showing economic potential of plowing. The results obtained in the technological essays show that the rock parameters are sited inside the standard limits established by technical rules and obey satisfactorily the limit values fixed for granites in internal and external covering uses.

Investigação tecnológica de arenitos silicificados da Formação Botucatu (ne do Paraná) para uso como rocha de revestimento

For many years the silicified sandstone associated of the Botucatu Formation has been the target of interest to researchers and miners, either for understanding the genesis of silicification or for your use as dimension stone and covering on the building industry. If in the first there are several articles available in the geological literature the second there are only technical data marketing available. In the northeast portion of the Paraná State and southwest of the São Paulo State these rocks are mined and traded as covering stones. Not much is known about their intrinsic characteristics and technological properties. To improve the knowledge of the technological behavior of these materials, samples from a quarry from Ribeirao Claro region were petrographically and physically characterized according to the standards established by the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards to dimension stones. Therefore, two bulk samples of silicified sandstone of the Ribeirão Claro/PR region were studied and characterized following the norms established by Brazilian Association of Technical Standards for dimension stones. The results obtained in the petrographical and technological studies are presented and indicated that, in general, the technological performance presented by sandstone studied induces limitations of use as covering materials, mainly horizontally as pavements, door stone and step ladder.

Alterações clínicas e morfológicas das córneas de coelhos implantadas com anéis intraestromais de FERRARA® com e sem revestimento de condrointin sulfato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O vocabulário básico do português no processo de aquisição da língua materna

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE