Systemic congenital lymphangiomatosis

A linfoangiomatose é uma doença rara, caracterizada pela exarcebação da proliferação dos canais linfáticos, ocorrendo em crianças e adultos jovens. Nós descrevemos um caso extremamente raro de linfoangiomatose sistêmica congênita, em um recém-nascido que apresentava ascite e insuficiência respiratória, desenvolvidos imediatamente após o nascimento. O óbito ocorreu nas primeiras horas de vida. Achados de autópsia demonstraram numerosos cistos em tecido mole da região cervical, mediastino, diafragma, e em diversos outros órgãos incluindo: fígado, baço, tireóide e rins. O grave e difuso acometimento de cistos nos pulmões pela linfoangiomatose foi associado ao mau prognóstico e morte no caso relatado.

Respiratory muscular strength decrease in children with mylomeningocele

Study Design. Case-control study.Objective. To evaluate respiratory muscle force in children with myelomeningocele. Summary of Background Data. Myelomeningocele is a common spinal cord malformation with limitations linked to central nervous system lesions and abnormalities in respiratory movements. Despite this, little attention has been given to evaluating respiratory muscle force in these patients.Methods. Children with myelomeningocele aged between 4 and 14 years ( myelomeningocele group; MG, n = 20) were studied and compared with healthy children ( control group; CG, n = 20) matched for age and gender. Respiratory muscular force was evaluated by maximum inspiratory ( Pimax) and expiratory ( Pemax) pressures.Results. Groups were similar for age [ CG = 8 ( 6 - 13) = MG = 8 ( 4 - 14), P > 0.05]; gender, and body mass index [ CG = 17.4 ( 14.1 - 24.7) x MG = 19.2 ( 12.6 - 31.9), P > 0.05]. The lumbosacral region was predominantly affected ( 45%). Maximum respiratory pressures were significantly higher in CG than MG ( Pimax = CG: similar to 83 +/- 21.75 > MG: -54.1 +/- 23.66; P < 0.001 and Pemax = CG: + 87.4 +/- 26.28 > MG: + 64.6 +/- 26.97; P = 0.01). Patients with upper spinal lesion ( UL) had lower maximum respiratory pressure values than those with lower spinal lesion ( LL), [Pimax ( UL = - 38.33 +/- 11.20 cm H2O x LL = - 60.85 +/- 24.62 cm H2O), P < 0.041 and Pemax ( UL = + 48 +/- 20.82 cm H2O x LL + 71.71 +/- 26.73 cm H2O), P = 0.067]).Conclusion. Children with myelomeningocele at the ages studied presented reduced respiratory muscle force with more compromise in upper spinal lesion.

Systemic evaluation on ischemia and reperfusion injury of splanchnic organs in rats

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações hemodinâmicas e sistêmicas decorrentes de isquemia e reperfusão (I/R) esplâncnica em ratos. MÉTODOS: Vinte ratos foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo controle: os animais foram submetidos à cirurgia, mas não a I/R e foram tratados com solução fisiológica (5 ml/kg/h) por 150 minutos; grupo I/R: os animais foram submetidos à administração contínua de solução fisiológica e à oclusão do tronco celíaco, artéria mesentérica superior e artéria mesentérica inferior por 30 minutos, seguidos por 120 minutos de reperfusão. Avaliou-se a pressão arterial média, pressão venosa, fluxo sangüíneo na aorta e na artéria mesentérica superior, freqüência cardíaca, temperatura esofágica e hematócrito. RESULTADOS: Durante a reperfusão, no grupo I/R, houve uma diminuição progressiva da pressão arterial média, fluxo sangüíneo na aorta e artéria mesentérica superior, freqüência cardíaca e temperatura esofágica; pressão venosa e hematócrito não sofreram alteração. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo de isquemia provocado por oclusão da artéria mesentérica superior, artéria mesentérica inferior e tronco celíaco por 30 minutos seguidos por 120 minutos de reperfusão provoca alterações sistêmicas evidenciadas por hipotensão, diminuição do fluxo sangüíneo mesentérico, da freqüência cardíaca e da temperatura esofágica.

Isolation of Staphylococcus epidermidis from inflamed upper respiratory tract of an orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupine (Sphiggurus villosus)

The orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupine (Sphiggurus villosus) is a rodent species common in most parts of South America, and little is known about the pathologies that can afflict it. A specimen was delivered at the Wildlife Research and Medical Center (CEMPAS), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. The animal showed intense apathy, with purulent secretion in the nasal cavity and fracture of the lumbar spine. Due to the unfavorable prognosis, the porcupine was euthanized and microbiological culture of nasal discharge showed Staphylococcus epidermidis. The antimicrobial resistance test revealed sensitivity to all tested antimicrobials (ampicillin, oxacillin, tetracycline, penicillin G, neomycin, cephalexin, gentamicin, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazol, cefoxitin and cephalothin). This bacterium is part of the nasal flora of humans and other animals, and may cause infection under certain conditions. In the present study, the infection and colonization by S. epidermidis was the probable cause of the inflammatory process. The sensitivity to all tested antimicrobials suggests that this strain has not been previously exposed to such drugs.

Comparison of the cardio-respiratory effects of methadone and morphine in conscious dogs

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Adaptation and evaluation of polymerase chain reaction for Brucella ovis detection in semen, urine and organs of rams experimentally infected

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Respiratory pressures and expiratory peak flow rate of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Higher respiratory activity decreases mitochondrial reactive oxygen release and increases life span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Increased replicative longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae because of calorie restriction has been linked to enhanced mitochondrial respiratory activity. Here we have further investigated how mitochondrial respiration affects yeast life span. We found that calorie restriction by growth in low glucose increased respiration but decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production relative to oxygen consumption. Calorie restriction also enhanced chronological life span. The beneficial effects of calorie restriction on mitochondrial respiration, reactive oxygen species release, and replicative and chronological life span could be mimicked by uncoupling agents such as dinitrophenol. Conversely, chronological life span decreased in cells treated with antimycin (which strongly increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation) or in yeast mutants null for mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (which removes superoxide radicals) and for RTG2 (which participates in retrograde feedback signaling between mitochondria and the nucleus). These results suggest that yeast aging is linked to changes in mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress and that mild mitochondrial uncoupling can increase both chronological and replicative life span.

Viral etiology among the elderly presenting acute respiratory infection during the influenza season

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Green Brazilian propolis action on macrophages and lymphoid organs of chronically stressed mice

Stress is a generic term that summarizes how psychosocial and environmental factors influence physical and mental well-being. The interaction between stress and immunity has been widely investigated, involving the neuroendocrine system and several organs. Assays using natural products in stress models deserve further investigation. Propolis immunomodulatory action has been mentioned and it has been the subject of scientific investigation in our laboratory. The aim of this study was to evaluate if and how propolis activated macrophages in BALB/c mice submitted to immobilization stress, as well as the histopathological analysis of the thymus, bone marrow, spleen and adrenal glands. Stressed mice showed a higher hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation by peritoneal macrophages, and propolis treatment potentiated H2O2 generation and inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production by these cells. Histopathological analysis showed no alterations in the thymus, bone marrow and adrenal glands, but increased germinal centers in the spleen. Propolis treatment counteracted the alterations found in the spleen of stressed mice. New research is being carried out in order to elucidate propolis immunomodulatory action during stress.

Exercise preconditioning modulates genotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in multiple organs of rats

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Comparative anatomy of the male reproductive internal organs of 51 species of bees

A anatomia dos órgãos internos do aparelho reprodutor de machos (ARM) adultos e pupas foi comparada em 51 espécies de abelhas, incluindo representantes de seis famílias. Foram obtidos quatro tipos diferentes de ARM. O tipo I está presente em machos das famílias mais basais (Colletidae, Andrenidae e Halictidae) e é caracterizado por três túbulos seminíferos por testículo, o qual é quase totalmente envolvido pela membrana escrotal. O tipo II é um tipo intermediário entre os tipos I e III e está presente em Mellitidae e Megachilidae, como também em alguns Apidae estudados, sendo caracterizado por possuir dutos deferentes pós-vesiculares fora da membrana escrotal e possuir três ou quatro túbulos seminíferos por testículo, exceto Apis mellifera L., a qual possui secundariamente um número aumentado de túbulos. O tipo III foi achado somente nos Apidae estudados e é caracterizado por apresentar os testículos e dutos genitais (exceto o duto deferente pós-vesicular) encapsulados separadamente, as glândulas acessórias são bem desenvolvidas e o duto ejaculador é calibroso, apresentando fissuras em sua parede externa, as quais podem ocorrer também no tipo II. O tipo IV está presente exclusivamente na tribo Meliponini e é caracterizado pela ausência de glândulas acessórias.

On the taxonomic value of the anatomical structure of vegetative organs and inflorescence axis of Abolboda species (Xyridaceae - Poales)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)