Integridade tissular de pacientes com úlceras venosas: um estudo baseado na Classificação dos Resultados de Enfermagem

The venous ulcer is an epidemiological problem of high prevalence, causing disability and dependence. Assess the tissue impairment level of patients with venous lesions, within a nursing referential, is relevant for the implementation of a directed assistance to specific clientele. Thus, this work aims to characterize the health status regarding the integrity the lower limbs skin of patients with venous ulcers, according to the of tissue integrity outcome indicators from the Nursing Outcomes Classification. A cross-sectional study conducted in a university hospital in Natal - Rio Grande do Norte. The sample consisted of 50 participants, selected through consecutive sampling. Data collection occurred through a interview and physical examination form and a operational definitions tool for indicators of the nursing Tissue Integrity outcome directed to patients with venous ulcer, applied from February to June 2012. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests (Spearman, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests). The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee with protocol 608/11 and Presentation Certificate to Ethical Consideration No. 0038.0.294.000-11. The results were presented using three scientific articles derivatives of research. It was found that the indicators show moderate impairment, light and not impaired, as the median. The respondents had an average of 59.72 years, 66% female, 50% were retired, 60% with a partner, 44% had arterial hypertension, 26% allergies, 20% diabetes mellitus, 96% were sedentary, 14% drank alcohol and 6% were smokers. There was a statistically significant correlation of low intensity between age and hydration (p=0.032; rs=-0.304) and skin desquamation (p=0.026; rs=-0.316), family income and necrosis (p=0.012; rs=-0.353); Ankle Brachial Index and tissue perfusion (p=0,044; rs=-0,329); Diabetes Mellitus and texture (p=0.015) and tissue perfusion (p=0.026); allergy and texture (p=0.034), physical activity and hydration (p=0.034), smoking and thickness (p=0.018), and alcohol consumption and exudate (p=0.045). We conclude that the patients had light to moderate impairment, indicating a good state of health on the integrity of the skin of the lower limbs, according to the indicators of the outcome of tissue integrity Classification Nursing Outcomes valued in the present study. It is believed that the evaluation of impairment tissue using a self-nursing system and its relation with socioeconomic, clinical and risk factors are unique tools in the care planning and in the wound healing

Ultrastructural analysis of the low level laser therapy effects on the lesioned anterior tibial muscle in the Gerbil

Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is known for its positive results but studies on the biological and biomodulator characteristics of the effects produced in the skeletal muscle are Still lacking. In this Study the effects of two laser dosages, 5 or 10 J/cm(2), on the lesioned tibial muscle were compared. Gerbils previously lesioned by 100 g load impact were divided into three groups: GI (n = 5) controls, lesion non-irradiated; GII (n = 5), lesion irradiated with 5 J/Cm(2) and GIII (n = 5), lesion irradiated with 10 J/cm(2), and treated for 7 consecutive days with a laser He-Ne (lambda = 633 rim). After intracardiac perfusion, the muscles were dissected and reduced to small fragments, post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in increasing alcohol concentrations, treated with propylene oxide and embedded in Spurr resin at 60 degrees C. Ultrafine Cuts examined on a transmission electron microscope (Jeol 1010) revealed in the control GI group a large number of altered Muscle fibers with degenerating mitochondria, intercellular substance containing degenerating cell fragments and budding blood capillaries with Underdeveloped endothelial cells. However, groups GII and GIII showed muscle fibers with few altered myofibrils, regularly contoured mitochondria, ample intermembrane spaces and dilated mitochondrial crests. The clean intercellular Substance showed numerous collagen fibers and capillaries with multiple abluminal processes, intraluminal protrusions and several pinocytic vesicles in endothelial cells. it was concluded that laser dosages of 5 or 10 J/cm(2) delivered by laser He-Ne (lambda = 633 rim) during 7 consecutive days increase mitochondrial activity in muscular fibers, activate fibroblasts and macrophages and stimulate angiogenesis, thus suggesting effectivity of laser therapy tinder these experimental conditions. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Improvement of antischistosomal activity of praziquantel by incorporation into phosphatidylcholine-containing liposomes

Praziquantel (PZQ) is effective against all known species of Schistosomes that infect humans. The failure of mass treatment of schistosomiasis has been attributed to the fact that therapy is not sufficiently long-lasting. This effect may be due to the low bioavailability of PZQ that has a low hydrosolubility and fast metabolism. Liposomes have been used to prolong drug levels. reduce the side effects, direct drugs to specific sites and increase bioavailability after administration. The aim of this work was to study the effect of phosphatidylcholine (PC)-containing liposomes to vehiculate PZQ to improve the treatment of schistosomiasis. The in vitro Study was carried out using Schistosoma mansoni parasites recovered by perfusion from the hepatic portal system of infected mice. Suspensions of liposomes with PZQ and free PZQ were administered p.o. in mice after 14 days of infection. The effect of both preparations in vitro on S. mansoni culture was similar. In the in vivo test, PZQ-liposomes caused a decrease in amounts of eggs and parasites. Liposomes improve the antischistosomal activity of praziquantel. This can be used as a starting point to investigate alternative administration routes or dosage forms and to examine the mechanism of intestinal absorption of PRZ © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Expressão de zif268 no cérebro do lagarto Tropidurus Hispidus após exploração de um ambiente enriquecido.

In the present work, we investigated behavioral changes associated with the increase in Zif268 protein expression within telencephalic areas of the tropical lizard Tropidurus hispidus that correspond to the mammalian hippocampus (HC). We used 13 male individuals of this species, collected at the Federal Agrotechnical School of Rio Grande do Norte, under SISBIO license number 19561-1. Four animals had their brains removed and were submitted to a Western blot with antibodies for the Zif268 protein. The remaining animals were separated in two different groups: a control group (n=4) and an exploration group (n=5). Animals from the exploration group were exposed to an enriched environment with many sensory cues novel to them. Control group animals stayed in the environment they were already habituated to. After 90 min from the onset of exposure to the new environment, animals from both groups were submitted to intracardiac perfusion with fixative, and the brains were removed, cryoprotected and frozen. After that, brains were sectioned at 20 μm and the sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry for the Zif268 protein. We verified that the Zif268 protein is likely conserved in the brain of T. hispidus, which showed antigenicity for the antibody anti-Zif268 made in mammals. In animals from the exploration group, we detected an increase of the Zif268 protein in the Septum, Striatum, Dorsoventricular Area and in cortical areas corresponding to the HC. This increase was proportional to the amount of environmental exploration, with maximum positive correlation in the hippocampal subareas Medial Cortex (R = 0.94 and p = 0.004) and Dorsomedial Cortex (R = 0.92 and p = 0.006). The data corroborate the notion that the reptilian hippocampus, as well as the mammalian HC, plays an important role in spatial exploration.

Padrão de distribuição e caracterização morfológica de fibras serotonérgicas nos núcleos da linha Média/ intralaminares do tálamo do mocó (Kerodon rupestris)

The midline/intralaminar nuclei form a remarkable group of nuclei of the medial and dorsal thalamus. The midline nuclei, in rats, comprises the paratenial nuclei (PT), paraventricular (PV), intermediodorsal (IMD), reuniens (Re) and rhomboid (Rh). The intralaminar nuclei comprises the central medial (CM), paracentral (PC), central lateral (CL) and parafascicular (PF). Such nuclei have dense serotonergic innervation originating from the brainstem, especially from the so-called ascending activation system. These nuclei, in turn, send projections to various cortical and subcortical areas, specifically to limbic areas, which suggests the important role of this neurotransmitter in the limbic circuitry. The aim of this study was to characterize the distribution pattern and morphology of serotonin fibers in the nuclei of the midline and intralaminar thalamic of rocky cavy (Kerodon rupestris), a tipical rodent from brazilizan northeast. To reach this aim we used four rock cavies adults. Following the transcardially perfusion with paraformaldehyde and brain microtomy steps was performed immunohistochemistry for serotonin (5-HT), Nissl technique and subsequent achievement and image analysis to characterize the cytoarchitecture of these nuclei and the serotonergic fibers visualized. An analysis was made of Relative Optical Density (ROD) to semi-quantify the concentration of serotonin fibers in the areas of interest. Thus, we observed a cytoarchitectonic arrangement of these nuclei similar to that found in rats. In case of fibers distribution, those immunoreactive to 5-HT were presented in a higher concentration according as ROD in the midline nuclei relative to intralaminar; Re being the core which has a higher pixel value followed by the PV , Rh, IMD and PT. In intralaminar CL showed higher pixels, followed by nuclei CM, PC and PF. The serotonergic fibers were classified as number of varicosities and axon diameter, therefore find three types of fibers distributed through this nuclear complex: fibers rugous, granular and semi-granular. In PV fibers predominated rugous; in PT fibers predominated granular; IMD, CL and PF fibers were represented by semi-granular and Re, Rh, PC and CM fibers showed granular and semi-granular. Morphological characterization of serotonergic fibers and differences in density between the nuclei may suggest different patterns of synaptic organization of this neurotransmitter beyond confirming his large repertoire functional

Relação entre achados em neuroimagem, habilidades auditivas e metafonológicas em escolares com dislexia do desenvolvimento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

The Effects of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch-Hypertonic Saline in Resuscitation of Dogs with Hemorrhagic Shock

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Eletromanometria do esfíncter superior do esôfago antes e após perfusão esofágica com ácido clorídrico 0,1N: estudo experimental no cão

Racional — A resposta do esfíncter esofágico superior ao refluxo gastroesofágico é controvertida. A perfusão esofágica com ácido clorídrico é modelo de estudo da ação do ácido o componente mais agressivo do refluxo sobre o esfíncter. Objetivos - Estudar o efeito da acidificação esofágica sobre o esfíncter esofágico superior através da eletromanometria esofágica. - Material e Métodos - em 30 cães adultos de ambos os sexos foram registrados estudos eletromanométricos do esôfago. A técnica utilizada foi a de puxada intermitente da sonda e perfusão contínua dos cateteres com água destilada. Estes exames permitiram as medidas da amplitude da pressão (mm Hg) e do comprimento (cm) do esfíncter superior do esôfago em condições basais (momento 1). Após esta fase, os animais foram submetidos a perfusão esofágica e divididos em 3 grupos de 10, na dependência da solução utilizada na perfusão e do momento do estudo: Grupo 1: perfusão esofágica com água destilada e estudos eletromanométricos realizados aos 15 minutos (momento 2) e 30 minutos (momento 3) do término da perfusão; Grupo 2: perfusão esofágica com HCl 0,1 N e estudos eletromanométricos realizados 15 minutos após o término da perfusão (momento 2); Grupo 3: perfusão esofágica com HCl 0,1 N e estudos eletromanométricos realizados 30 minutos após o término da perfusão (momento 3). Resultados/Conclusão - Os resultados observados permitiram concluir que a acidificação do esôfago não provocou alterações significativas sobre a amplitude de pressão e comprimento do esfíncter superior do esôfago.

Modified 'Stent-Graft Sandwich' Technique for Treatment of Isolated Common Iliac Artery Aneurysm in Patient With Marfan Syndrome

Isolated iliac artery aneurysms are rare in the general population (0.03%) and represent 2% of all abdominal aneurysms, and the association with Marfan syndrome is even rarer. We report a Marfan syndrome case with an isolated common iliac artery aneurysm treated by using a modified 'stent-graft sandwich' technique, with preservation of the internal iliac artery perfusion. The modified 'stent-graft sandwich' technique involves building an appropriate proximal neck just in the common iliac artery for fittingly housing two new stent-grafts inside, both deployed simultaneously and each one going to both distal iliac arteries (internal and external).

Influence of the elevation of the left ventricular diastolic pressure on the values of the first temporal derivative of the ventricular pressure (dP/dt)

PURPOSE: To assess the effects of the elevation of the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) on the value of the 1st temporal derivative of the ventricular pressure (dP/dt). METHODS: Nineteen anesthetized dogs were studied. The dogs were mechanically ventilated and underwent thoracotomy with parasympathetic nervous system block. The LVEDP was controlled with the use of a perfusion circuit connected to the left atrium and adjusted to the height of a reservoir. The elevation of the LVEDP was achieved by a sudden increase in the height of a reservoir filled with blood. Continuous recordings of the electrocardiogram, the aortic and ventricular pressures and the dP/dt were performed. RESULTS: Elevation of the LVEDP did not result in any variation of the heart rate (167±16.0bpm, before the procedure; 167±15.5bpm, after the procedure). All the other variables assessed, including systolic blood pressure (128±18.3mmHg and 150±21.5mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (98±16.9mmHg and 115±19.8mmHg), LVEDP (5.5±2.49 and 9.3±3.60mmHg), and dP/dt (4,855 ± 1,082 mmHg/s and 5,149±1,242mmHg/s) showed significant increases following the expansion of the ventricular cavity. Although the elevation of the dP/dt was statistically significant, 6 dogs curiously showed a decrease in the values of dP/dt. CONCLUSION: Sudden elevation of the LVEDP resulted in increased values of dP/dt; however, in some dogs, this response was not uniform.

Trombectomia na angioplastia primária em ponte de safena

O emprego da trombectomia na angioplastia primária demonstra bons resultados clínicos e angiográficos imediatos, por meio de redução da embolização distal e do fenômeno do no-reflow e otimização da perfusão miocárdica. Essa técnica, principalmente usada em artérias coronárias, em raras oportunidades é descrita quando empregada em pontes de safena aortocoronarianas. Relatamos o caso de um paciente de 67 anos com infarto agudo do miocárdio relacionado a oclusão de ponte de safena e submetido a trombectomia com bons resultados.

Cold Renal Ischemia: Comparison of Efficacy Between Two Techniques of Cooling, in a Swine Model

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hemodynamic effects in dogs anesthetized with isoflurane and remifentanil-isoflurane

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação com Doppler colorido e espectral da veia porta de cães

A perfusão total do fígado e suas contribuições relativas, pelo sistema portal e pela artéria hepática, podem estar alteradas por vários processos hepáticos, como doença hepato-celular difusa, neoplasia e shunts intra-hepáticos. O estudo do comportamento do fluxo sangüíneo nos vasos do fígado por meio da ultra-sonografia Doppler tem demonstrado que este é um método viável não-invasivo e de grande auxílio, principalmente na avaliação da hemodinâmica portal. São duas as modalidades de ultra-sonografia Doppler com maior aplicação na rotina para avaliação de fluxo nos vasos abdominais, o Doppler espectral e o Doppler colorido. Na doença hepática crônica, ocorre alteração da complacência hepática devido à fibrose ou à cirrose, as quais acarretam alterações vasculares, levando ao aumento da pressão venosa portal. As principais indicações desse exame são os casos em que há suspeita de hipertensão portal. A hemodinâmica portal é avaliada pela mensuração de sua área, da velocidade média, do volume de fluxo no vaso e do índice de congestão portal. Esta revisão de literatura tem como objetivo descrever os princípios físicos básicos da ultra-sonografia Doppler e sua aplicação na avaliação da hemodinâmica portal nos cães.

Lactato sanguíneo na avaliação dos efeitos da peridural torácica em cães anestesiados pelo isoflurano

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)