Aspectos oceanográficos sobre plataforma continental peruana en invierno de 1996. Crucero BIC SNP-1 08

Las condiciones ambientales durante el crucero 9607-08, fueron frías desde el Callao hasta Paita, con anomalías negativas de -0,8 a -2,5 °C, y ligeramente cálidas al norte de Paita registrándose anomalías de hasta +1,4 °C, en la primera etapa del crucero (evaluación acústica, del 01 al 14 de julio de 1996) y anomalías de +0,2 a -2,5° C durante la segunda etapa realizada del 15 de julio al 09 de agosto de 1996. El Frente Ecuatorial, antes del 14 de Julio se localizó al sur de Talara, replegándose luego hacia el norte y ubicándose al norte de Cabo Blanco. Las masas de Aguas Tropicales Superficiales (ATS) se ubicaron frente a Puerto Pizarro, mientras que las aguas Ecuatoriales Superficiales (AES) se ubicaron, la primera quincena de julio, al norte de Paita-Talara y, la segunda quincena, al norte de Cabo Blanco. Las aguas Subtropicales Superficiales (ASS) se localizaron frente a Pimentel - Chimbote fuera de las 40 mn, y las Aguas Costeras Frías (ACF) predominaron dentro de las 40 mn, en toda la faja costera. El afloramiento costero se desarrolló con fuerte intensidad entre Talara-Paita, Punta Falsa - Chicama y Chimbote asociados a valores menores de 16 °C de temperatura, 35,0‰ de salinidad y 3 mL/L de oxígeno disuelto.

Sedimentos superficiales del margen continental peruano: un mapa textural

La distribución de los sedimentos superficiales en el margen continental peruano se presenta en dos mapas a colores. Los sedientos arenosos predominan en la mayor parte de la amplia plataforma entre los 7º y 10º30' S, alcanzando también profundidades del talud superior. Al sur de esta área se encuentran formando parches costeros. La arcilla limosa cubre casi todo el talud continental y gran parte de la plataforma al sur de los 10º30' S; al norte de esta latitud forman algunos parches costeros. El patrón textural observado está determinado por la interacción de varios factores medio ambientales, peculiares de la región. En toda el área estudiada se produce afloramiento más o menos fuerte y se da una elevada productividad biológica. Entre los diversos factores medio ambientales que conducen a la formación de sedimentos arenosos o fangosos, las aguas bien o pobremente o dgenadas y las corrientes de fondo fuertes o débi les, respectivamente, son consiperadas las más importantes.

Textura,carbono orgánico y carbonatos de los sedimentos del margen continental peruano.

Estudio de las variaciones texturales y geoquímicas de los sedimentos del margen continental peruano.

A new species of Eccopsis Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) from the coastal valleys of northern Chile, with the first continental record of E. galapagana Razowski & Landry

A new species of Eccopsis Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) from the coastal valleys of northern Chile, with the first continental record of E. galapagana Razowski & Landry. Eccopsis Zeller, 1852 is reported for the first time from Chile. Eccopsis razowskii Vargas, n. sp. is described and illustrated based on specimens reared from larvae collected on native Acacia macracantha Willd. (Fabaceae) in the coastal valleys of the northern Chilean desert. Eccopsis galapagana Razowski & Landry, 2008, previously known only from the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, is recorded for the first time from continental South America. Larvae of the latter were collected in northern Chile feeding on Prosopis alba Griseb (Fabaceae).

Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera, Hesperioidea) from Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil: 70 years of records with special reference to faunal composition of Vila Velha State Park

Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera, Hesperioidea) de Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil: 70 anos de registros com especial referência à composição faunística do Parque Estadual de Vila Velha. O município de Ponta Grossa se destaca por apresentar originalmente uma paisagem peculiar onde capões isolados de Floresta Ombrófila Mista são interligados por grandes extensões de fitofisionomias estépicas, também denominadas campos. No entanto, ambos os ecossistemas atualmente se encontram altamente ameaçados pela ocupação humana, restando na região o Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, cuja composição florística tem sido recentemente relacionada com o bioma Cerrado. Poucos trabalhos são dedicados à caracterização da fauna dos campos e sua relação com outras fitofisionomias estépicas brasileiras, motivo que suscitou a realização deste estudo. Após reunir informações de coletas realizadas por mais de 70 anos, são listadas 225 espécies de Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera, Hesperioidea) presentes no município, entre elas 162 indicadoras de ambientes florestais e 53 de áreas abertas. O Parque Estadual de Vila Velha contribui para a conservação de 65% delas enquanto sua composição se mostra intimamente relacionada tanto aos Pampas como ao Cerrado, em detrimento de hábitats florestais. Tal relação é dada provavelmente pela localização geográfica de Vila Velha, visto que a similaridade da fauna de Hesperiidae se encontrou influenciada pelas distâncias geográficas das amostras no presente estudo. A flora de Vila Velha também deve afetar diretamente a composição observada de Hesperiidae, uma vez que uma grande parte de suas espécies são também encontradas em áreas de Cerrado. No entanto, estudos em ambientes campestres brasileiros ainda se fazem necessários, especialmente em enclaves de Cerrado no Paraná e em São Paulo, para que se adquira um melhor entendimento da dinâmica de suas comunidades.

Crepuscular activity of culicids (Diptera, Culicidae) in the peridomicile and in the remaining riparian forest in Tibagi river, State of Paraná, Brazil

Crepuscular activity of culicids (Diptera, Culicidae) in the peridomicile and in the remaining riparian forest in Tibagi river, State of Paraná, Brazil. Human-attracted mosquitoes were collected for one hour, around sunset time (half hour before and half after), from April to December 2006, in two environments (riparian forest and near houses), in Tibagi river basin, Palmeira municipality, State of Paraná. Seven-hundred forty-nine mosquitoes, belonging to 13 species, were collected. Psorophora champerico Dyar & Knab, 1906 (42.86%) and Psorophora discrucians (Walker, 1856) (40.59%) were the most frequent species. No significant differences between quantities of Ps. champerico (t = -0.792; d.f. = 16; p = 0.43) and Ps. discrucians (t = 0.689; d.f. = 16; p = 0.49) obtained in riparian forest and near houses were observed, indicating similar conditions for crepuscular activity of these species in both environments. Psorophora champerico and Ps. discrucians responded (haematophagic activity) to environmental stimuli associated with the twilight hours differently in distinct habitats studied. The former species is registered for the first time in the Atlantic forest biome.

Genetic variability of a population of Aedes aegypti from Paraná, Brazil, using the mitochondrial ND4 gene

Genetic variability of a population of Aedes aegypti from Paraná, Brazil, using the mitochondrial ND4 gene. To analyze the genetic variability of populations of Aedes aegypti, 156 samples were collected from 10 municipalities in the state of Paraná, Brazil. A 311 base pairs (bp) region of the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4) mitochondrial gene was examined. An analysis of this fragment identified eight distinct haplotypes. The mean genetic diversity was high (h = 0.702; p = 0.01556). AMOVA analysis indicated that most of the variation (67%) occurred within populations and the F ST value (0.32996) was highly significant. F ST values were significant in most comparisons among cities. The isolation by distance was not significant (r = -0.1216 and p = 0, 7550), indicating that genetic distance is not related to geographic distance. Neighbor-joining analysis showed two genetically distinct groups within Paraná. The DNA polymorphism and AMOVA data indicate a decreased gene flow in populations from Paraná, which can result in increased vectorial competence.

Orthoptera assemblages associated with macrophytes of floodplain lakes of the Paraná River

Orthoptera assemblages associated with macrophytes of floodplain lakes of the Paraná River. The Orthoptera assemblage composition varies considerably, depending on habitat type. This study examines the spatiotemporal relationship between plant diversity, hydrometric level, environmental variables and the Orthoptera richness and abundance in floodplain lakes connected permanently or temporarily with the main channel of the Paraná River. The grasshoppers were collected fortnightly (April 2006May 2007). A total of 17 species were recorded and classified according to their frequency of occurrence in constant (7), accessory (4), or accidental (6) species. In the two lakes, the greater species richness and abundance was recorded in summer, thereby coinciding with the highest water level of the Paraná River. The most significant correlation between the orthopteran richness and abundance was with the water level. The aquatic plant richness was significantly different between the lakes, but the vegetation was dominated by Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. (Liliales, Pontederiaceae). The lake, which was connected permanently, presented the highest values of diversity and abundance, proving to be a more diverse assemblage. The beta diversity was higher in the temporary connected lake than in the permanently connected one. The orthopterans assemblages were different between the lakes, Cornops aquaticum and Tucayaca gracilis were the species that contributed more to the level of dissimilarity. C. aquaticum was more representative in the lake temporarily connected, while T. gracilis in the permanent connected one. The water level of the Paraná River and the connectivity of the floodplain lakes play an important role to explain the abundance and richness of their orthopteran assemblages.

Foraminíferos calcáreos bénticos de la plataforma continental del norte peruano

A partir de 36 muestras de sedimento superficial, obtenidas en la zona norte del mar del Perú, frente a los puertos de Pimentel (6°45 'S a 7°19 'S), Salaverry (8°11 'S a 9°01 'S) y Huarmey (10°05 'S a 10°25 'S), durante cruceros realizados entre 1976 y 1982, se estudió la composición y al distribución de la biofacies de foraminíferos bentónicos recientes, determinándose un total de cincuenta y dos especies. En base a los análisis de similaridad y el uso de índice biológico se determinó que la biofacies del área estudiada está caracterizada por Bifarina hancocki, Bolivina costata, Bolivina piclata, Bolivina seminuda var. humilis, Cassidulina auka, Epistominella pacifica, Hanzawaia concentrica, Robulus rotulatus, Uvigerina striata, Valvulineria inflata y una especie no identificada de Bolivina.

Nest plasticity of Cornitermes silvestrii (Isoptera, Termitidae, Syntermitinae) in response to flood pulse in the Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Nest plasticity of Cornitermes silvestrii (Isoptera, Termitidae, Syntermitinae) in response to flood pulse in the Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The Pantanal is one of the largest wetlands in the world. Since many areas in Pantanal are flooded during part of the year, it is expected that plants and animals would have mechanisms for their survival during the flooded period. This study investigated the existence of differences in nest shape and inquilines of Cornitermes silvestrii in areas influenced by the flood pulse. We measured the volume, height, width, and height/width ratio of 32 nests in flooded areas and 27 in dry areas, and performed an one-way-Anova with the quasi-Poisson distribution to determine if there were differences in the nest measurements between the points. To analyze the relationship of nest inquilines to flood pulse and nest shape, we performed a regression with a Poisson distribution with the inquiline richness and flood pulse, and the above measurements. The nests of C. silvestrii in flooded areas were significantly higher than nests in dry areas, and had a larger height/width ratio. Colonies in periodically flooded areas would probably make a larger effort to extend their nests vertically, to maintain at least some portion of the structure out of the water and prevent the entire colony from being submerged. Neither the size of the nest nor the flood pulses influenced the assemblage of 11 species found in nests of C. silvestrii.

Beta-ionone attracts Euglossa mandibularis(Hymenoptera, Apidae) males in western Paraná forests

ABSTRACTMales of Euglossa mandibularis were consistently captured in scent traps baited with β-ionone in areas of Mixed Ombrophylous Forests or transition between this latter physiognomy and Montane Semideciduous Forest at Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná state, Brazil. Geographic records for the species and sampling effort (including or not β-ionone among the offered compounds) along Atlantic Forest biome are presented and discussed. We also discuss seasonal and geographic variation in collection of scents by orchid bees.

Presencia del Mioceno continental bajo el cauce del río Onyar en Gerona

Starting from the discovery of a cheek-booth Dinotherium giganteum KAUP in the river Oñar in Gerona we can consider that the Miocene formations of La Selva expand up to this area

Información básica sobre muestras de bentos, sedimentos y factores abioticos de la plataforma continental del Perú entre 1976 y 1987

Se presenta la información básica sobre un total de 455 estaciones en la plataforma continental peruana en las cuales se tomaron muestras de macrobentos. La información fue obtenida durante 13 cruceros con los barcos de investigación científica Humboldt, SNP-1 y Tareq-II así como con bolichera. Aparte de las informaciones básicas de las estaciones y los muestreos se proporcionan datos sobre el sedimento y factores abióticos de las aguas cercanas del fondo marino.

Composición bioquímica y distribución de la materia orgánica sedimentaria y sus efectos sobre la estructura comunitaria de la meiofauna en la plataforma continental frente a Callao.

Se estudió la composición y distribución de la materia orgánica sedimentaria en términos de Carbohidratos, Lípidos y Proteínas, así como sus repercusiones sobre la estructura comunitaria de la meiofauna metazoaria (abundancia, biomasa y diversidad a nivel de grandes grupos), además, se estima su rol en el flujo de energía del sub-sistema bentónico mediante el cálculo de la producción secundaria y respiración frente a las costas de Perú Central, Callao (12ºS). Las muestras se recolectaron en el mes de Abril del año 2010, en un gradiente batimétrico en cinco estaciones: Estación E1 (48m) y E2 (93m) correspondiente a la plataforma interna, estación E3 (117m) correspondiente a la plataforma intermedia y la estación E4 (143m) y E5 (148m) correspondiente a la plataforma externa. En cada estación se determinaron parámetros fisicoquímicos como oxígeno disuelto, salinidad y temperatura. Asimismo se determinó el contenido de pigmentos fotosintéticos (clorofila- a y feopigmentos) en la columna de sedimento.

Macrozoobentos de dos Áreas de la plataforma continental del Norte Peruano en el verano de 1987

Se estudiaron muestras de Macrozoobentos (> 1 mm) tomadas a diferentes profundidades en enero de 1987 por el BIC Humboldt de la plataforma continental de dos áreas del norte del litoral peruano, una frente a zorritos (3º35.5`- 3º51.3`) y otra entre Isla Lobos de Tierra y Pimentel (6º32.0`- 6º55.5`), de distinto tipo de sedimento en el fondo. Las muestras estudiadas, así como los datos de Temperatura, Oxigeno disuelto y Salinidad en el fondo, fueron proporcionadas por el Programa Cooperativo Peruano-Alemán de Investigación Pesquera (PROCOPA) y el Instituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE). El trabajo consiste en identificar, cuantificar y comparar las taxa presentes en las muestras de ambas áreas, determinar la Biomasa, Densidad, Diversidad, Equidad y Riqueza, y analizar el tipo y característica del sedimento de las estaciones. Para el estudio del aspecto comunitario se emplearon el análisis de agrupamiento por racimos (“cluster análisis”; Legendre y Legendre, 1983) y la técnica de los Índices Biológicos (Guille, 1970). En el análisis estadístico se usaron preferentemente la prueba no paramétrica de dos grupos de Kolmogorov-Smirnov y correlaciones lineales entre los factores abiòticos, características del sedimento y parámetros biológicos hallados.