Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification during experiments with coral communities, 2000

Previous studies have demonstrated that coral and algal calcification is tightly regulated by the calcium carbonate saturation state of seawater. This parameter is likely to decrease in response to the increase of dissolved CO2 resulting from the global increase of the partial pressure of atmospheric CO2. We have investigated the response of a coral reef community dominated by scleractinian corals, but also including other calcifying organisms such as calcareous algae, crustaceans, gastropods and echinoderms, and kept in an open-top mesocosm. Seawater pCO2 was modified by manipulating the pCO2 of air used to bubble the mesocosm. The aragonite saturation state (omega arag) of the seawater in the mesocosm varied between 1.3 and 5.4. Community calcification decreased as a function of increasing pCO2 and decreasing omega arag. This result is in agreement with previous data collected on scleractinian corals, coralline algae and in a reef mesocosm, even though some of these studies did not manipulate CO2 directly. Our data suggest that the rate of calcification during the last glacial maximum might have been 114% of the preindustrial rate. Moreover, using the average emission scenario (IS92a) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we predict that the calcification rate of scleractinian-dominated communities may decrease by 21% between the pre-industrial period (year 1880) and the time at which pCO2 will double (year 2065).

Shallow water marine sediment bacterial community shifts along a natural CO2 gradient in the Mediterranean Sea Off vulcano, Italy

The effects of increasing atmospheric CO(2) on ocean ecosystems are a major environmental concern, as rapid shoaling of the carbonate saturation horizon is exposing vast areas of marine sediments to corrosive waters worldwide. Natural CO(2) gradients off Vulcano, Italy, have revealed profound ecosystem changes along rocky shore habitats as carbonate saturation levels decrease, but no investigations have yet been made of the sedimentary habitat. Here, we sampled the upper 2 cm of volcanic sand in three zones, ambient (median pCO(2) 419 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 3.77), moderately CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 592 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 2.96), and highly CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 1611 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 0.35). We tested the hypothesis that increasing levels of seawater pCO(2) would cause significant shifts in sediment bacterial community composition, as shown recently in epilithic biofilms at the study site. In this study, 454 pyrosequencing of the V1 to V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene revealed a shift in community composition with increasing pCO(2). The relative abundances of most of the dominant genera were unaffected by the pCO(2) gradient, although there were significant differences for some 5 % of the genera present (viz. Georgenia, Lutibacter, Photobacterium, Acinetobacter, and Paenibacillus), and Shannon Diversity was greatest in sediments subject to long-term acidification (>100 years). Overall, this supports the view that globally increased ocean pCO(2) will be associated with changes in sediment bacterial community composition but that most of these organisms are resilient. However, further work is required to assess whether these results apply to other types of coastal sediments and whether the changes in relative abundance of bacterial taxa that we observed can significantly alter the biogeochemical functions of marine sediments.

In Situ effects of low pH and elevated HCO3 on juvenile massive Porites spp. in Moorea, French Polynesia

Juvenile colonies of massive Porites spp. were exposed to manipulated pH and bicarbonate ([HCO3-]) in situ to test the hypothesis that ocean acidification (OA) does not affect respiration and calcification. Incubations lasted 28 h and exposed corals to ambient temperature and light with ecologically relevant water motion. Three treatments were applied: (1) ambient conditions of pH 8.04 and 1751 µmol HCO3- kg(-1) (Treatment 1), (2) pCO2-induced ocean acidification of pH 7.73 and 2011 µmol HCO3- kg(-1) (Treatment 2), and (3) pCO2 and HCO3--enriched seawater of pH 7.69 and 2730 µmol HCO3- kg(-1) (Treatment 3). The third treatment providing elevated [HCO3-] was used to test for stimulatory effects of dissolved inorganic carbon on calcification under low pH and low saturation of aragonite (Omega arag), but it does not reflect conditions expected to occur under CO2-driven OA. Calcification of juvenile massive Porites spp. was affected by treatments, with an 81% elevation in Treatment 3 versus Treatment 1, but no difference between Treatments 1 and 2; respiration and the metabolic expenditure concurrent with calcification remained unaffected. These findings indicate that juvenile massive Porites spp. are resistant to short exposures to OA in situ, and separately, that they can increase calcification at low pH and low Omega arag if [HCO3-] is elevated. Juvenile Porites spp. may therefore be limited by dissolved inorganic carbon under ambient pCO2 conditions

Discurso sobre la Constitución, que dió al Reyno de Valencia su invicto conquistador el señor D. Jaime Primero

Hay un ejemplar encuadernado con: Idea general de España : discurso histórico de su población y religión : sitio, figura, circunferencia y confines ... (NP946.73/448)

Don Jaime I el Conquistador, rey de Aragón, conde de Barcelona, señor de Montpeller : según las crónicas y documentos inéditos

Antep

Historia de D. Jaime I de Aragón

Hay un ejemplar encuadernado con: "Apuntes sobre el clero beneficial del Arzobispado de Valencia" (Carreres/4410)

[Los Virreyes de Valencia

Libro del que solo se imprimieron 416 páginas, y tres ejemplares, ya que el autor lo inutilizó, tras descubrir nuevos datos. Los ejemplares se encontraban en manos del autor, y posteriormente de su familia, de Salvador Carreres, y de Vicente Ferran Salvador. Los datos sobre este libro y su edición se han sacado de: Vida y obra del escritor Luis Fullana Mira (1871-1948), de Benjamín Agulló Pascual; y de Los virreyes de Valencia : fuentes para su estudio por Josefina Mateu Ibars con prólogo de Salvador Carreres Zacarés

Décadas de la historia de la insigne y coronada ciudad y Reino de Valencia

Indices

Inscripciones y antigüedades del Reino de Valencia

Indice: p.107-114

Libro tercero de la Chronyca de la inclita y coronada ciudad de Valencia y de su reyno

Este ejemplar pertenece a la Biblioteca Nicolau Primitiu

Memorias histórico-críticas de las antíguas Cortes del Reyno de Valencia

Port. con marca tip.

Speculum Principum

Marca tip. en port

Trobas de Mosen Jaime Febrer : que contienen los nombres, apellidos y azañas de 544 señores, que de varias provincias asistieron en la conquista de Valencia...

Incipit : "Prologo. Guillermo Febrer, nobilissimo docto y experimentado fue muy estimado de D. Jaime I de Aragon"

Apuntes históricos sobre los Fueros del antiguo Reino de Valencia

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