Efeito do Tratamento com Hidróxido de Sódio sobre a Fração Fibrosa, Digestibilidade e Tanino do Feno de Jurema-Preta (Mimosa tenuiflora. Wild)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Teores de nutrientes na folha e nos grãos de aveia-preta em função da adubação com fósforo e potássio

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Industrialização na América Latina: da caixa-preta ao "conjunto vazio"""

Incluye Bibliografía

Utilização de nitrato de amônio e de uréia como fontes de nitrogênio na micropropagação de amoreira-preta

The high cost allied to the difficulty in the acquisition of the ammonium nitrate has been taking the accomplishment of works looking for an alternative for the substitution of this source of nitrogen. It was aimed at to study the technical viability of the substitution of the ammonium nitrate for urea, as source of nitrogen in the culture media for the blackberry in vitro cv. Tupy (Rubus sp). Nodal segments were used, already established in vitro, were inoculated in culture media MS and 50% MS, added of 1.0 mg. dm-3 of BAP, solidified with 6 g.dm-3 of agar, pH was adjusted for 5,8 and sterilized to 121 °C and 0,1 MPa for 20 min. The treatments consisted of the substitution of 0; 20; 40; 60; 80 and 100% of NH4NO3 for urea, and the swinging of nitrogen supplied by the culture media MS it was not altered. The explants were maintained by 60 days in growth room with temperature of 27±1 °C, photoperiod of 16 h and luminous intensity of 32 mmol m'2 s'1. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, in factorial (6 x 2) using four repetitions with 16 plants each one. From the obtained results it can be concluded that the urea doesn't substitute NH 4NO3 in the culture media MS as nitrogen source in the culture vitro of blackberry.

Caracterização morfológica do fruto, semente e morfofunção de plântulas de sapoteira-preta (Diospyros ebenaster Retz.)

Diospyros ebenaster, originária do México e América Central, família Ebenaceae, é conhecida como sapota-preta. Os frutos podem ser consumidos in natura ou em sucos, como fonte de vitamina C. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a morfologia do fruto, da semente e do processo germinativo da espécie. Os frutos foram caracterizados quanto à coloração, textura, consistência e teor de água no pericarpo, deiscência, massa, partes constituintes e dimensões. Para as sementes considerou-se: Massa, coloração, textura e consistência do tegumento, forma, presença e tipo de tecido de reserva e tipo, coloração, forma e posição do embrião. A descrição das plântulas foi realizada a partir da emissão da raiz primária até a expansão dos primeiros eófilos e início de fenecimento dos cotilédones. O fruto é carnoso, indeiscente, do tipo baga, polispérmico, globoso e achatado nos pólos. O epicarpo é liso, delgado e esverdeado. O comprimento médio dos frutos é 8,8 cm, o diâmetro médio 8,6 cm e a massa de 263 g. As sementes apresentam tegumento liso e cor castanho-médio. A massa de 100 sementes é 100,6 g. O comprimento médio das sementes é 2,2 cm, com 1,3 cm de largura. Possuem endosperma branco-Transparente e oleaginoso. O embrião é esbranquiçado e a germinação é epígea.

Influência da cobertura de aveia-preta e milheto sobre comunidade de plantas daninhas e produção de soja

The success in weed control by using straw depends on the management time, straw quality and quantity. The objective of this research was to evaluate the suppressor effect of black-oats and millet straw cover on the incidence of weeds and on the productivity of the soybean crop. The experiment was carried out during the years 2006 and 2007, in an area from the Farm of Education, Research and Production of FCAV-UNESP, Jaboticabal Campus, in a completely randomized block design, with four replications. Treatments consisted of different types of black oats and pearl millet straw management before soybean seeding (without management, obtained by machine cut, desiccated using glyphosate desiccation and with paraquat) and different periods of straw deposition (0, 15, 30 e 60 days before soybean seeding). The weed population and the characteristics of soybean growth and production were evaluated. The deposition of black oats and pearl millet straw provided reductions in weed density and dry mass, and this effect was more effective when the deposition occurred until 15 days prior to soybean seeding. The suppressor effect of black oats straw was more pronounced than that of pearl millet straw, regardless of the drying method, although the millet had a greater dry matter production. No significant differences were found between the drying methods and the straw effectiveness.

Efeito de produtos químicos sobre a mancha bacteriana (xanthomonas perforans) e na ativação de proteínas relacionadas à patogênese em tomateiro

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of fungicides and antibiotics to control bacterial spot (Xanthomonas perforans) in tomato, and the activation of pathogenesis-related proteins. Hybrid tomato AP 529 was used to assess the severity of disease. The treatments consisted of spraying with acibenzolar-S-methyl, fluazinam, pyraclostrobin, pyraclostrobin + methiran, copper oxychloride, copper oxychloride and mancozeb + oxytetracycline, and inoculated and non-inoculated controls. After three days of treatment, all plants were inoculated with X. perforans (10 6 CFU / mL). Leaf discs were collected for assessment of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, β-1,3 glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and protease. The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated with the data of severity. All treatments had reduced AUDPC compared to the inoculated control. Fungicides acibenzolar-S-methyl, pyraclostrobin, and pyraclostrobin + methiran had more satisfactory results in reducing the severity of bacterial spot on tomato. The products based on pyraclostrobin together with acibenzolar-S-methyl induced enzymatic activities of peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and β-1,3 glucanase, indicating that these products may be related to the induction of resistance to bacterial spot on tomato plants.

Controle da mancha angular do feijoeiro com uso de fungicidas e seu efeito na produção das plantas

The angular leaf spot of dry bean caused by the fungus Phaeoisairopsis griseola is a very important disease on dry bean crops in Brazil. In propitious weather conditions, susceptible cultivars have significant losses due to this disease. In these conditions, fungicide usage is an important step for angular leaf spot management. Since the effects of this method of control on plant physiology are not known, this study had the following objectives: a) Verify the action of fungicide in physiological changes in dry beans (photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductivity); b) evaluate the efficacy of some fungicides for the control of angular leaf spot; and c) examine the effects of these fungicides on other agronomic parameters; weight of 100 grains, number of grains per pod and number of pods per plant. The dry bean cultivar used in this study was Perola. Four trials were conducted, two in a net greenhouse and two trials under field conditions. A spray of piraclostrobin, tebuconazol and tebuconazol+ trifloxistrobin increased photosynthesis rates, although stomatal conductivity was not changed. In addition, sprays of tebuconazol, piraclostrobin, metiram+piraclostrobin and azoxistrobin provided better levels of disease control and also higher weight of 100 grains, with the exception of azoxystrobin for this parameter.

Desempenho de fungicidas no controle da mancha-de-macrospora na cultura do milho

Fungicide application is one of the control strategies of fungal diseases in corn leaves. In Brazil, there are no fungicides recorded for the control of corn macrospora leaf spot (MLS). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of 16 fungicides on MLS control in a protective, curative and eradicant form. Fungicides of the chemical groups of benzimidazoles, strobilurins and triazoles were used alone or in mixture, in completely randomized block design, with six replicates of five plants, totaling 30 plants per treatment. The experiments were carried out in a greenhouse with the single-cross hybrid AS 1565 in phenological stage of two to six expanded leaves, using an isolate of S. macrospsora from the same hybrid. The inoculum was deposited into the cartridge of plants at 48 hours after, 48 hours before and 10 days before fungicide applications for preventive, curative and eradicant action, respectively. The experiment was repeated twice. The data underwent analysis of variance (p<0.05), and the means of treatments were compared by using the Scott-Knott test (p<0.05). Severity was estimated at 21 days after inoculations. All fungicides significantly differed from the control treatment in the preventive, curative and eradicant action. For the preventive action, mean disease control was 85%. The mixture of triazoles plus strobilurins controlled, on average, 75% of the disease severity, while the isolated products such as strobilurins reduced it by 62%, benzimidazoles by 55% and triazoles by 38% for the curative action. The lowest control was obtained for the eradicant action, with mean reduction of 40.1% in the disease severity and no significant difference among fungicides.

Produção de bovinos de corte em pastagem de aveia preta e azevém submetida à adubação nitrogenada

We evaluated animal production on black oats (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) pasture submitted to nitrogen top fertilization of 0; 150 and 300 kg ha-1, in the form of urea. We used 36 calves with average age and average weight of 10.5 months and 180 kg, respectively, as test-animals. The grazing system used was continuous with variable stocking rate. The block design was completely randomized with three replicates (paddock). Average weight gain was similar for the levels evaluated (0.925; 0.969 and 1.045 kg day-1, respectively). Stocking rate and live weight gain per hectare showed a linear relation with nitrogen levels. The efficiency of animal production was 2.040 and 1.766 kg of weight gain per kg of nitrogen used for the dose of 150 and 300 of N, respectively. The stocking rate and live weight gain per hectare of beef calves increased with the nitrogen levels, from 0 to 300 kg of N ha-1. However, the best efficiency in weight gain per unit of nitrogen applied was obtained with the dose of 150 kg of N ha-1.

Teste de envelhecimento acelerado em sementes de aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb.)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeito residual da aplicação superficial de calcário e gesso nas culturas de soja, aveia-preta e sorgo granífero

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Diagramação: um sistema para previsão e improviso na mancha de texto

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Ácaro da mancha-anular do cafeeiro: controle em função da cobertura pela calda com ramais e volumes de aplicação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência do uso de telas de sombreamento coloridas (azul, vermelha e preta) na fisiologia da produção de mudas de Guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliensis)

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB