999 resultados para Livros e leitura para crianças


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As infecções respiratórias agudas (IRA) são um grupo de doenças complexas e comuns, que são importantes causas de mortalidade nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. Este trabalho tem como objetivo elaborar um Projeto de Intervenção visando a educação da população atendida na ESF Bouganville sobre as causas, complicações e prevenção das Infecções Respiratórias Agudas em crianças de 0-14 anos na área de abrangência da equipe "Bouganville, da Estratégia de Saúde da Família do Município de Sete Lagoas, em Minas Gerais. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura para subsidiar o planejamento através das seguintes bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Biblioteca Virtual da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, SciELO e LILACS. Os artigos disponíveis nessas bases de dados, bem como publicações em livros e revistas médicas foram selecionados conforme sua relevância e como critério de inclusão foram aceitas publicações nacionais e manuais do Ministério da Saúde. Elaboramos um referencial teórico através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica dos principais artigos e revistas de pneumologia. Foram utilizados dados disponíveis na Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Sete Lagoas e arquivos próprios do posto de saúde. Para a elaboração do Plano de Intervenção foram utilizados os passos para elaboração de um plano de ação descritos no Módulo de Planejamento e Avaliação das Ações de Saúde do Curso de Especialização em Atenção Básica em Saúde da Família. Acreditamos que o projeto de intervenção contribuirá para a melhoria da saúde da população, diminuindo em longo prazo as complicações derivadas das Infecções Respiratórias Agudas. A população, quando aumenta seu conhecimento, torna-se capaz de diminuir a incidência dos fatores de risco associados e também de evitar as complicações destas doenças, comuns na infância e adolescência

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As parasitoses intestinais representam um problema de saúde pública no Brasil e em muitas regiões do país o seu índice é significante. As causas desse problema são diversas, dentre as quais se destacam: precárias condições socioeconômicas, consumo de água contaminada, baixo peso. A doença atinge em grande número as crianças, estando também relacionada à carência alimentares. Considerando a realidade do município de Juatuba em Minas Gerais, notadamente na área de abrangência da Unidade Básica de Saúde Braúnas este estudo tem como objetivo implementar ações de saúde direcionadas ao combate das parasitoses intestinais em crianças de 0 a 5 anos de idade. A abordagem do tema foi construída por meio de revisão bibliográfica, tendo como fonte de pesquisa artigos, livros de autores consagrados, bem como consulta da Biblioteca Virtual em saúde com o intuito de verificar dados e evidências já coletados. Algumas informações foram extraídas da Unidade de Saúde (2016). Os resultados do trabalho foram apresentados à gestão da atenção básica e espera-se que medidas sejam implantadas com a finalidade de reduzir o problema das parasitoses na comunidade estudada

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Objetivo: Conhecer a situação de saúde bucal de crianças do município de Pedrinópolis e realizar uma proposta de intervenção para prevenir oclusopatias e incentivar a amamentação. Métodos: Foram empregados os dados obtidos através da consulta odontológica a crianças das escolas e creche, informações coletadas através de entrevista com informantes-chave e observação ativa dos cirurgiões dentistas, ASB e agentes comunitárias de saúde do município. A literatura utilizada constituiu de Manuais do Ministério da Saúde, livros, artigos publicados de 1997 até ano atual encontrados em bancos de dados nacionais como portal de revistas científicas em ciência da saúde, Revista Dental Press e PubMed, leitura seletiva de material direcionados para o tema de estudo como SIAB e DATASUS e relatos locais. Estratégias serão discutidas com a equipe com intuito de garantir bons resultados. Conclusão: a prevalência de oclusopatias e de hábitos bucais deletérios estudada foi alta. Incentivos de caráter público na prevenção de oclusopatias e a promoção da mastigação de alimento que estimulem hábitos alimentares e exercícios profiláticos para uma boa oclusão serão desenvolvidos

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As infecções de pele são afecções muito comuns na faixa etária pediátrica, podendo variar desde quadros superficiais com cura sem sequelas a quadros graves com envolvimento progre sivo e fatal. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi propor um projeto de intervenção com vistas a diminuir a incidência de infecções de pele em crianças na área de abrangência da Estratégia Saúde da Família Recanto das Águas,Montes Claros,Minas Gerais.Foi elaborado um projeto de intervenção baseado no diagnóstico situacional realizado na ESF em estudo,com a utilização do método de Planejamento Estratégico em Saúde (PES) e em revisão de literatura na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS),na base de dados da SciELO com os descritores:dermatoses,saúde da criança e educação em saúde.Também foram pesquisados Programas do Ministério da Saúde e livros relacionados ao tema de estudo.Espera-se, com a implantação do plano,a diminuição da incidência de infecções de pele na população assistida como consequência da melhoria do conhecimento dessa população sobre as doenças,suas formas de contágio e como preveni-las

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We studied 271 children under age of 15 with diagnosis of acute bacterial meningencephalitis treated at Medical School in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, between 1980 and 1990. The patients were divided in two groups: 1) those who had not received previous antibiotics treatment (NTP), with 153 cases; and 2), those who had received previous antibiotics treatment (PT), with 118 cases. The etiological agent was more frequently identified in NPT group, while ventriculitis was more frequent in PT group. Mortality rate accounted for 19,5% of all cases, and 29.7% of children under 12 months of age. Acute meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae was frequently followed by increased mortality. Convulsive disorders and hemiparesis predominante among children under 12 months of age. On the neurosurgical point of view, ventriculitis, subdural hygroma, hydrocephalus, subdural empyema and brain abscess were identified and treated

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This article analyses the emergence and development of social policies for children and adolescents attendance that are in line with the development process of the Brazilian social protection system, focusing on some of the main representations attributed to childhood, according to the historical and political periods. It seeks to present the notion of childhood instituted under the constitution of the Brazilian welfare state, in such a way as to place it within the broader context of the historical and political transformations that involved the emergence and consolidation of the social policies directed towards children and adolescents in Brazil in the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st.

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This article analyzes food insecurity and hunger in Brazilian families with children under five years of age. This was a nationally representative cross-sectional study using data from the National Demographic and Health Survey on Women and Children (PNDS-2006), in which the outcome variable was moderate to severe food insecurity, measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Prevalence estimates and prevalence ratios were generated with 95% confidence intervals. The results showed a high prevalence of moderate to severe food insecurity, concentrated in the North and Northeast regions (30.7%), in economic classes D and E (34%), and in beneficiaries of conditional cash transfer programs (36.5%). Multivariate analysis showed that the socioeconomic relative risks (beneficiaries of conditional cash transfers), regional relative risks (North and Northeast regions), and economic relative risks (classes D and E) were 1.8, 2.0 and 2.4, respectively. Aggregation of the three risks showed 48% of families with moderate to severe food insecurity, meaning that adults and children were going hungry during the three months preceding the survey.

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This research intended to investigate the use of diazepam in conjunction with behavioral strategies to manage uncooperative behavior of child dental patients. The 6 participants received dental treatment during 9 sessions. Using a double-blind design, children received placebo or diazepam and at the same time were submitted to behavior management produces (distraction, explanation, reinforcement and set rule and limits). All sessions were recorded in video-tapes biped in 15 seconds intervals, in which observers recorded child's (crying, body and/or head movements, escape and avoidance) and dentist's behavior. The results indicated that diazepam, considering the used dose, was only effective with one subject. The other participants didn't permit the treatment and showed an increase in their resistance. The behavioral preparation strategies for dental treatment should have been more precisely planned in order to help the child to face the real dental treatment conditions mainly in the first sessions avoiding to reinforce inappropriate behaviors.

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Concept formation depends on language and thought, that promote the integration of information coming from the senses. It is postulated that changes in the person, the objects and events to be known suggest flexible models of concept teaching. It is assumed that the same considerations apply to teaching concepts to blind pupils. Specificities of this process are discussed, including the role of touch as resource, although not as a direct substitute to vision, and the notion of representation as a basis for the elaboration of pedagogical resources for the blind student.

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The objective of this study was to analyze the point of view of parents in relation to the cochlear implant, their level of information concerning the implant, its risks and benefits, and their expectations towards their children's future. Ten parents of deaf children candidate for the cochlear implant at Unicamp's Clinical Hospital were interviewed. Based on a qualitative approach, a content analysis showed that the majority of parents seek the cure for deafness, and consequently, the acquisition of speech with the cochlear implant. For these families, the cochlear implant is seen both as the solution to their children's deafness and as a path for a better future. It has been evidenced that during the acquisition of knowledge about the implant, parents experienced anxiety and anguish when faced with the risks and benefits of the procedure, and the need to choose between performing and not performing the cochlear implant.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a pedagogical intervention to improve the reading comprehension of fourth grade students of a public primary school. Two classes of 28 students were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The students were assessed during three different moments by means of an informative questionnaire, a Learning Strategies Scale and two cloze tests for reading comprehension. The intervention consisted of seven sessions which included learning strategies instruction, reading strategies instruction, meta-cognition activation, motivational support and study guidance. Results showed improvement in meta-cognition and in reading comprehension in both groups. However, gains were higher and more consistent in the experimental group.

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This article aims at discussing about the foreign language teaching to young learners, taking the principles of the Sociocultural Theory (Vygotksy, 1978) and of the Communicative Approach (Almeida Filho, 1993, 2005) related to Primary English teaching (Cameron, 2001; Brewster, Ellis & Girard, 2002) as a theoretical references. Considerations about the importance of language learning in childhood will be made, as well as about the role of the grammar, oral language and mother tongue in the process. Likewise, the importance of Teacher Education will be briefly approached. This work is ended with the discussion about some possible procedures in the language teaching processes followed by a brief presentation of possible guidelines based on the bakhtinian notion of discourse genres.

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The present investigation evaluated the effects of diazepam used to manage uncooperative behavior of child dental patients. Six participants received placebo or diazepam (0,3 mg/kg weight) before formal dental treatment at total 54 sessions that were all recorded in videotapes. The analysis of recorded child (crying, body and/or head movements, escape and avoidance) and dentist's behavior management procedures (distraction, explanation, positive reinforcement) indicates no differences by using a double-blind Wilcoxon design (p>0.05). It is suggested the necessity of methodological refinement in studies that combine psychological and pharmacological handling strategies.

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This article aims at discussing and articulating views of language under sociocultural, dialogic and discourse perspectives, in order to present a theoretical framework as far as the analysis of textbooks of English as a foreign language for the Brazilian Ensino Fundamental I is concerned. Due to the limited number of studies in this field, to the still considerably structural approach of the English language teaching and learning in our country nowadays and to the important mediation role textbooks play in language education, we believe our work can contribute positively to the construction of critical and multiple literacies, which, in turn, can support an active and transformative educacional process in the present times.

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The recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) can improve weight gain, physical growth, clinical and lung in cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the routine use, although promising, is not established in the literature. The objective of this study was to assess the benefits of rhGH in children and adolescents with CF. We conducted a systematic review in the database PubMed, Lilacs, SciELO and Cochrane, in the period 2000-2010, using the keywords: cystic fibrosis, growth hormone, children and adolescents. We found 77 articles and included 11 randomized controlled trials, with 290 children and adolescents with CF. The short-term use (1-24 months) of rhGH improved the height, weight, growth rate, bone mineral content and components of pulmonary function. Adverse effects, like diabetes, were not observed in the studies. The short-term use of rhGH improved growth and body composition in patients with CF.