CAMPYLOBACTER EM CAES COM E SEM DIARREIA: INCIDENCIA E SUSCETIBILIDADE A 21 ANTIMICROBIANOS

Two hundred and four stools of 102 diarrheic (0-12 months of age) and 102 non-diarrheic dogs coming from kennel and ambulatory, respectively, were assayed for the presence of Campylobacter. From the diarrhetic group, 46% of the samples yelded positive Campylobacter isolation mainly found in young animals until 5 months of age (72%), whereas those with age ranging from 6-12 months showed either a lower frequence of the organisms (28%) and a trend of the younger animals to be more charged than the older. 47 Campylobacter strains isolated from the diarrheic group were: C. jejuni biotype 1 (49%); C. jejuni biotyp 2 (11%); C. jejuni/coli (19%); C. coli (8,5%); Campylobacter NARTC group (8,5%) and C. sputoruns (4%). In the non-diarrhetic group, 27 (28%) Campylobacter strains were classified as: C. jejuni biotype 1 (34%) and biotype 2 (28%); C. jejuni/coli (24%) and C. coli (14%). According the biochemical tests, the 1% glycine tolerance test was not taking in account for the differentiation of C. jejuni because 45% of the strains failed in showing characteristic and 3 strains did not reduce the sodium selenite. The biochemical studies also showed phenotipical cross reactions between two Campylobacter NARTC-group strains with the C. jejuni strains, as well as two thermophilic species grew also at 25°C. All the 76 isolates were sensitive to gentamicin, nitrofurantoin and neomycin and resistant to oxacillin and penicillin. Furthermore, for the remaining 16 drugs the populational resistance ranged from 8% to 73% of strains. The presence of Campylobacter in dogs as well their close contact which man makes possible the occurrence of infections as also confirm the campylobacteriosis as an important zoonosis.

Characteristics of gram-stained cervical smear from patients with Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Cervical discharges from 142 women attending the Public Gynecologic Service of Araraqura (SESA), Brazil were cultured for Chlamydia trachomatis. Gram-smears and plating on semiquantitative sheep blood agar and chocolate agar were also carried out. An isolation rate of 18% was reported. The presence of purulent cervical secretion was observed in 8 (32%) out of 25 women. It was also observed that a substantial proportion of culture-positive women had no symptoms. Our data demonstrate that screening tests should be based on specific diagnostic techniques for Chlamydia trachomatis since the majority of infected women we examined were asymptomatic.

Evaluation of the in vitro susceptibility and emergence of mutants resistant to ciprofloxacin among multidrug resistant clinical isolates.

Two hundred and seventy-seven multidrug resistant clinical isolates [K. pneumoniae, (N = 87); E coli, (N = 30); Salmonella typhimurium (N = 100); P. aeruginosa, (N = 30); S. aureus, (N = 30)] from hospitalized patients specimens, were tested in vitro for sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin. Application of the disk diffusion test and determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration by the microdilution method indicated that, almost all isolates were sensitive to the drug. Overall, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were the less sensitive organisms. Ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants occurred at frequencies of > or = 10(-5)/CFU.

Influência da precipitação pluviométrica nas características físicas, química e higiênico-sanitária da água de trés mananciais de abastecimento público.

Aiming to know the influence of the pluviometric precipitation over the physical chemical and bacteriological characteristics of the water coming from three sources of public supply, and to verify the probable origin of faecal contamination, tests of total coliforms, faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci and mesophilic microorganisms, as well as the determination of pH, temperature and turbidity of 156 water samples were done. The samples were taken from a stream, a drain and an artesian well, located in the city of Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. The results obtained showed that the occurrence of pluviometric precipitation determined a significant increase of the number of total coliforms in the water samples from the stream. The use of the ratio CF/EF, indicate the probable origin of the faecal contamination only in the samples of the water coming from the stream, which were defined as being of human origin. In relation to the physical-chemical composition it was noticed that the influence of the pluviometric precipitation over the turbidity appeared to be higher and significant in the samples of water of the stream.

Evaluation of an indirect ELISA method for the detection of chicken antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Genetical rearrangements in Azospirillum brasilense induced by the plasmid PJB4JI

The present work was conducted with the initial purpose of looking for the characterization of Azospirillum brasilense strain ATCC 29.145 mutants induced by insertions of the transposon Tn-5. The strategy used to transfer such mobile element was based on the vector named pJB4JI

Effect of lecithin and soy oil on the fermentative performance of Saccharomyces uvarum I Z 1904

The proposal of this work was to study the effects of lecithin and soy oil on the fermentative performance of Saccharomyces uvarum I Z 1904, a yeast used in the industrial production of ethanol. High Test Molasses (HTM) was chosen as the fermentation media because it is a substratum that is poor in nutrients, and because it permits one to distinguish the action of lipids from other nutritional factors. The study of the optimization of the concentration of lipids by surface response analysis showed that the lipids favor the performance of the yeast principally when applied separately. Maximum concentrations of the two sources of lipids in the media stimulated the budding rate but did not constitute a protection against cell death. Considering the action of lipids on the cellular parameters studied, the supplementation of the media with 3.0 g/l of soy oil permitted the obtention of maximum responses of cellular viability, budding rate and viability of the buds after 6 successive cycles. In relation to the fermentative parameters, the use of 1.5 g/l of soy oil provided high yields and an equilibrium between the mass of ethanol produced (EM) and the alcoholic yield (Y p/s) , whereas the cellular viability after 6 cycles did not differ statistically from that observed with 3g/l of oil.

Antibiotic 26-deoxylaidlomycin isolated from Streptomyces sp. Ar386 from Brazilian soil

An actinomycete strain (Ar386) was isolated from the soil of the Araraquara regio, SP, Brazil. The strain, named Streptomyces jacareensis, formed irregular rayed, rugose, grayish-white mycelium with sinuous, branched hyphae carrying rare isolated spores; assimilated glucose, galactose, inositol, ribose, maltose, sucrose, melibiose and starch but not mannitol, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, lactose and raffinose; and contained LL- diaminopimelic acid in its cell wall. An antibiotic active against Gram- positive bacteria, which was characterized as being 26-deoxylaidlomycin and which may have application against poultry coccidiosis, was isolated from cultures of the strain. This was the first isolation of this antibiotic from a microorganism of the genus Streptomyces and also the first isolation of this antibiotic in Brazil.

Induction of physical paramorphogenesis in Aspergillus sp

A simple and easily reproducible method to obtain little fungical pellets from mycelial fractionization, completely under control with respect to development, size and homogeneity without genetic compromise, is described. The method has been successully employed with Aspergillus niger and also showed similar results with Aspergillus oryzae.

Interaction in culture medium of acttnomycetes and native fungi wtth rhizobia that form nodules in Neonotonia wighth lackley (perennial soybean)

The relationship between soil fungi and actinomycetes, with rhizobia that produce nodulation in Neonotonia wightii (perennial soybean) was studied in culture medium in order to obtain material to be used in mixed inoculations of this legume. A field experiment was designed to provide soil samples and isolate microorganisms belonging to these groups that are capable of interfering in the development of two selected rhizobium strains. Results show that the Bradyrhizobium strains used in the experiment, which are efficient in nodulation of Neonotonia wightii, are highly sensitive to substances produced in the culture medium by actinomycetes and fungi.