Die Sprachlaute : im allgemeinen, und die Laute des englischen, französischen und deutschen im besondern /

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Die politische wirksamkeit der griechischen frau; eine nachwirkung vorgriechischen mutterrechtes

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St. Barbara, die schutzheilige der bergleute und der artillerie, und ihre darstellung in der kunst ...

Bibliographical foot-notes.

On the microscopic mechanism of carbon gasification: A theoretical study

In this paper we report the results of ab initio calculations on the energetics and kinetics of oxygen-driven carbon gasification reactions using a small model cluster, with full characterisation of the stationary points on the reaction paths. We show that previously unconsidered pathways present significantly reduced barriers to reaction and must be considered as alternative viable paths. At least two electronic spin states of the model cluster must be considered for a complete description. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Behaviour of the energy gap in a model of Josephson coupled Bose-Einstein condensates

In this work we investigate the energy gap between the ground state and the first excited state in a model of two single-mode Bose-Einstein condensates coupled via Josephson tunnelling. The ene:rgy gap is never zero when the tunnelling interaction is non-zero. The gap exhibits no local minimum below a threshold coupling which separates a delocalized phase from a self-trapping phase that occurs in the absence of the external potential. Above this threshold point one minimum occurs close to the Josephson regime, and a set of minima and maxima appear in the Fock regime. Expressions for the position of these minima and maxima are obtained. The connection between these minima and maxima and the dynamics for the expectation value of the relative number of particles is analysed in detail. We find that the dynamics of the system changes as the coupling crosses these points.

Conditional quantum-state engineering using ancillary squeezed-vacuum states

We investigate an optical scheme to conditionally engineer quantum states using a beam splitter, homodyne detection, and a squeezed vacuum as an ancillar state. This scheme is efficient in producing non-Gaussian quantum states such as squeezed single photons and superpositions of coherent states (SCSs). We show that a SCS with well defined parity and high fidelity can be generated from a Fock state of n

Quantum-state engineering with continuous-variable postselection

We present a scheme to conditionally engineer an optical quantum system via continuous-variable measurements. This scheme yields high-fidelity squeezed single photons and a superposition of coherent states, from input single- and two-photon Fock states, respectively. The input Fock state is interacted with an ancilla squeezed vacuum state using a beam splitter. We transform the quantum system by postselecting on the continuous-observable measurement outcome of the ancilla state. We experimentally demonstrate the principles of this scheme using coherent states and experimentally measure fidelities that are only achievable using quantum resources.

A Bethe ansatz solvable model for superpositions of Cooper pairs and condensed molecular bosons

We introduce a general Hamiltonian describing coherent superpositions of Cooper pairs and condensed molecular bosons. For particular choices of the coupling parameters, the model is integrable. One integrable manifold, as well as the Bethe ansatz solution, was found by Dukelsky et al. [J. Dukelsky, G.G. Dussel, C. Esebbag, S. Pittel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004) 050403]. Here we show that there is a second integrable manifold, established using the boundary quantum inverse scattering method. In this manner we obtain the exact solution by means of the algebraic Bethe ansatz. In the case where the Cooper pair energies are degenerate we examine the relationship between the spectrum of these integrable Hamiltonians and the quasi-exactly solvable spectrum of particular Schrodinger operators. For the solution we derive here the potential of the Schrodinger operator is given in terms of hyperbolic functions. For the solution derived by Dukelsky et al., loc. cit. the potential is sextic and the wavefunctions obey PT-symmetric boundary conditions. This latter case provides a novel example of an integrable Hermitian Hamiltonian acting on a Fock space whose states map into a Hilbert space of PE-symmetric wavefunctions defined on a contour in the complex plane. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Vulnerabilidade socioambiental no bairro de Mãe Luíza, Natal – RN/Brasil

This work has as object the elaboration of social environmental indicator of disaster risk that are present in precarious areas of human occupation, related to intense environmental dynamic from the perspective of the studies about the subject in Geography. The District of Mãe Luiza in Natal, capital city of Rio Grande do Norte, was defined as the study area. The place was chosen because it presents –historically- several vulnerability conditions and exposure to disaster risk. After a local social environmental description, two indexes were elaborated: the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI or IVS in Portuguese), based on 17 (seventeen) variables arranged on a questionnaire addressed to the population nucleus of the district, on regular grid (systematic sampling), classified into 5 (five) levels of SV from the weighted average; and the Physical and Natural Exposure to the Mass Movements Index (EMMI or IEMM in Portuguese) which had 16 (sixteen) variables that feature conditions of exposure to the mass movements in the district with classified levels from the weighted average of 1 (one) to 5 (five). The relationship between these two results, specialized in the district map, produced the Social Environmental Vulnerability Index (SEVI or IVSA in Portuguese) of Mãe Luiza, also classified into 5 (five) levels, following the Boolean logic correlation for cartographic overlay with use of computer software ArcGIS v.9.3, being named as: Very Low; low; average; high; and Very High Environmental Vulnerability in District. The study is based on the methodology proposed by Guerra et al (2009) for EMMI and by Almeida (2010) for SVI. They were modified and adapted according to the local reality, producing a new methodology in this study area. It was concluded that the neighborhood has most of its area with High and Very High Socio-environmental vulnerability to disasters, defined seven (7) critical areas, with Very High IVSA, and hazards associated with mass movements or flooding. In the end, the main issues that were found, such as generating elements for proposing mitigation measures and/or the proposed interventions were enumerated, related to structural order of vulnerability factors: how low constructive pattern of households; poor urban drainage; Real Estate forsaken in landslide routes; infrastructure ready access roads and slope containment. And social: as a lack of education about environmental risk; income and education of residents; presence of persons with limited mobility and/or those with special needs. This reality highlights the need for urgent action applied to the resolution and/or reduction of these problems, which is focusing the end of this work.

Work Fluctuations in Bosonic Josephson Junctions

We calculate the first two moments and full probability distribution of the work performed on a system of bosonic particles in a two-mode Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian when the self-interaction term is varied instantaneously or with a finite-time ramp. In the instantaneous case, we show how the irreversible work scales differently depending on whether the system is driven to the Josephson or Fock regime of the bosonic Josephson junction. In the finite-time case, we use optimal control techniques to substantially decrease the irreversible work to negligible values. Our analysis can be implemented in present-day experiments with ultracold atoms and we show how to relate the work statistics to that of the population imbalance of the two modes.

Energy levels and radiative rates for transitions in Cr-like Co IV and Ni V

We report calculations of energy levels and radiative rates (A-values) for transitions in Cr-like Co IV and Ni V. The quasi-relativistic Hartree-Fock (QRHF) code is adopted for calculating the data although grasp (general-purpose relativistic atomic structure package) and flexible atomic code (fac) have also been employed for comparison purposes. No radiative rates are available in the literature to compare with our results, but our calculated energies are in close agreement with those compiled by NIST for a majority of the levels. However, there are discrepancies for a few levels of up to 3%. The A-values are listed for all significantly contributing E1, E2 and M1 transitions, and the corresponding lifetimes reported, although unfortunately no previous theoretical or experimental results exist to compare with our data.

Screened Hybrid Exact Exchange Correction Scheme for Adsorption Energies on Perovskite Oxides

The bond formation between an oxide surface and oxygen, which is of importance for numerous surface reactions including catalytic reactions, is investigated within the framework of hybrid density functional theory that includes nonlocal Fock exchange. We show that there exists a linear correlation between the adsorption energies of oxygen on LaMO3 (M = Sc–Cu) surfaces obtained using a hybrid functional (e.g., Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof) and those obtained using a semilocal density functional (e.g., Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof) through the magnetic properties of the bulk phase as determined with a hybrid functional. The energetics of the spin-polarized surfaces follows the same trend as corresponding bulk systems, which can be treated at a much lower computational cost. The difference in adsorption energy due to magnetism is linearly correlated to the magnetization energy of bulk, that is, the energy difference between the spin-polarized and the non-spin-polarized solutions. Hence, one can estimate the correction ...

Continuum tensor network field states, path integral representations and spatial symmetries

A natural way to generalize tensor network variational classes to quantum field systems is via a continuous tensor contraction. This approach is first illustrated for the class of quantum field states known as continuous matrix-product states (cMPS). As a simple example of the path-integral representation we show that the state of a dynamically evolving quantum field admits a natural representation as a cMPS. A completeness argument is also provided that shows that all states in Fock space admit a cMPS representation when the number of variational parameters tends to infinity. Beyond this, we obtain a well-behaved field limit of projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) in two dimensions that provide an abstract class of quantum field states with natural symmetries. We demonstrate how symmetries of the physical field state are encoded within the dynamics of an auxiliary field system of one dimension less. In particular, the imposition of Euclidean symmetries on the physical system requires that the auxiliary system involved in the class' definition must be Lorentz-invariant. The physical field states automatically inherit entropy area laws from the PEPS class, and are fully described by the dissipative dynamics of a lower dimensional virtual field system. Our results lie at the intersection many-body physics, quantum field theory and quantum information theory, and facilitate future exchanges of ideas and insights between these disciplines.

Hyvinvoinnin nettineuvola yhteiskunnallisen markkinoinnin tuotteena synnyttävien naisten liikuntakäyttäytymisen edistämisessä

Yhä kasvava väestön ylipainoisuus ja siitä johtuvat terveyshaitat korostavat liikuntakäyttäytymisen edistämisen tärkeyttä yhteiskunnassa sekä haastavat yhteiskuntaa löytämään uusia keinoja liikuntakäyttäytymisen kohderyhmälähtöiselle edistämiselle. Erityisesti synnyttävien naisten liikuntakäyttäytymisen edistämisen merkitys on korostunut yhteiskunnassa, sillä liikunnalla voidaan tehokkaasti tukea painonhallintaa raskauden aikana sekä saavuttaa monia terveyshyötyjä terveessä raskaudessa. Hyödyn saajina ovat tällöin sekä synnyttävä nainen että lapsi sekä viime kädessä yhteiskunta terveydenhuollon kustannusten vähenemisen kautta. Tämä tutkielma ottaa kohderyhmän liikuntakäyttäytymistä edistävien ja sitä tukevien olosuhteiden kehittämisen tarkastelun kohteeksi, ja siksi tutkielmassa tarkastellaan hyvinvoinnin nettineuvolan mahdollisuuksia yhteiskunnallisen markkinoinnin tuotteena. Tässä laadullisessa tutkielmassa haettiin vastauksia tutkimusongelmaan teoreettisen viitekehyksen ja empiirisen tapaustutkimuksen kautta. Tutkielman teoreettinen viitekehys muodostettiin pääasiassa yhdistämällä yhteiskunnallisen markkinoinnin tuotteen viitekehys ymmärrykseen kohderyhmän liikuntakäyttäytymiseen vaikuttavista tekijöistä. Tutkimuskohteena toimivasta Babyfit-verkkopalvelusta kerättiin empiiristä aineistoa havainnoimalla palvelun sisältöä sekä haastattelemalla palvelun sisällöstä vastaavaa henkilöä. Aineistosta tunnistettiin teoriaohjaavasti yhteiskunnallisen markkinoinnin tuotteen tasoja kuvaavia elementtejä, joita tarkasteltiin lisäksi kohderyhmän näkökulmasta. Tämän jälkeen teoreettista viitekehystä käytettiin apuna vietäessä aineiston pohjalta tehtyjä tulkintoja yleisemmälle teoreettiselle tasolle. Tämä tutkielma tunnisti seuraavia nettineuvolan keskeisimpiä mahdollisuuksia yhteiskunnallisen markkinoinnin tuotteena: liikkumisen tueksi tarvittava tieto ja tuki voidaan tuoda kohderyhmän saataville sen arvostamassa luotettavassa ja helpossa muodossa, kohderyhmää voidaan auttaa ottamaan ensimmäinen askel kohti aktiivisia elintapoja madaltamalla sen kokemaa kynnystä harrastaa liikuntaa sekä mahdollistamalla käyttäytymisen kokeileminen ja ylläpitäminen, kohderyhmä voidaan aktiivisesti ottaa mukaan yhteiskunnallisen markkinoinnin tuotteen arvonluontiin lisäämällä mahdollisuuksia vuorovaikutukseen ja resurssien vaihtoon palvelussa, liikkumista voidaan vahvistaa tukemalla kohderyhmän hyvinvointia kokonaisvaltaisesti raskauden aikana ja sen jälkeen. Hyvinvoinnin nettineuvolan mahdollisuudet edistää kohderyhmän liikuntakäyttäytymistä riippuvat merkittävästi neuvoloiden ja kohderyhmän resursseista hyödyntää sitä liikuntaneuvonnan ja käyttäytymispäätöksien tukena. Siksi sen kehittämiseksi tulevaisuudessa tulee ottaa huomioon sekä kohderyhmän että palveluntarjoajan näkökulmat.

Die stellung der deutschen universitäten zum Baseler konzil und ihr anteil an der reformbewegung in Deutschland während des fünfzehnten jahrhunderts,

Bibliographical foot-notes.