Produção científica em língua portuguesa: padrão de citação e avaliação dos indicadores de citação actuais de revistas biomédicas de língua portuguesa

Apesar da língua portuguesa ser utilizada por mais de 240 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, a sua presença no domínio das ciências biomédicas é mais fraca do que o expectável [1, 2]. A comunicação da ciência faz-se através da publicação em revistas científicas principalmente das que são indexadas em fontes secundárias (bases de dados científicas), pois esta será a forma destes periódicos ganharem visibilidade. As fontes secundárias têm um processo de selecção de revistas muito rigoroso e existem diversos viéses resultantes desse processo, nomeadamente geográficos e idiomáticos. De acordo com os critérios de seleção de revistas para indexação em bases de dados internacionais, um dos requisitos para a indexação de uma revista é o seu elevado número de citações. Estudos anteriores permitem perceber que revistas em português não têm grande visibilidade (não são indexadas), porque raramente são citadas, mas revistas em português raramente são citadas, porque não são visíveis (não são indexadas) [3-8]. Com este trabalho pretende-se compreender qual o padrão de citação atual de revistas biomédicas de língua portuguesa, tendo-se identificado alguns periódicos biomédicos, de origem brasileira e portuguesa, nas áreas da cirurgia, medicina clínica, enfermagem, ginecologia e obstetrícia e saúde pública. Assim apresentam-se já alguns resultados preliminares do estudo efetuado.

Serviços farmacêuticos ou serviços das farmácias?

Artigo de Opinião

Pharmacotherapy follow-up in the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Portugal, alike what is verified in the remaining western countries. There are factors that increase the risk of its occurrence, that do not usually emerge isolated, tending to group in the individual. This coexistence results in a combined effect which is larger than the one expected from the sum of its individual effects. The global cardiovascular risk is defined as the percentage change of developing a cardiovascular event over a given period of time (generally 10 years). The purpose of global cardiovascular risk assessment is to identify the individuals who should be counseled and receive treatment to prevent a cardiovascular disease, as well as to establish the therapeutics aggressiveness level.

Pharmacotherapy follow-up of patients with diabetes mellitus in a Primary Health Care Unit

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major causes of chronic morbidity and loss of quality of life, and it seems to be increasing in the coming decades. Overall prevalence of diabetes in Portugal in 2010, according to the latest National Observatory of Diabetes Report, was 12.4%, which corresponds to a total of approximately 991 thousand individuals aged between 20 and 79 years. The level of control of diabetes mellitus, as measured by glycosilated haemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) influences the long-term risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications. Given the frequent association of diabetes with hypertension/dyslipidemia/overweight, managing these risk factors is a crucial part of the diabetes control.

Pharmacist intervention on adherence to therapy in the elderly

Background: Non-adherence to therapy contributes to the increase in hospitalizations, admissions to nursing homes, decreased quality of life and consequent increased morbimortality in the elderly. Aim: To assess whether pharmacist intervention contributes to the adherence to medical prescription by elderly patients.

Target identification of situations of improvement through Medication Review in patients type 2 diabetes

Introduction: Prevention, early detection and management of diabetes are fundamental for stopping this present epidemic. Medication review may contribute to the early detection of negative clinical outcomes risk factors associated to the use of medicines. Aims: To use the medication review to identify the situations that may lead to clinical negative outcomes, described as findings, in the process of medicines use in type 2 diabetic patients. To verify if the inclusion criteria list of the Pharmaceutical Society of Australia for medication review allows identifying patients of higher risks of obtaining clinical negative outcomes.

Curricular Unit: Pharmacotherapy Follow-Up

Objectives: Pharmaceutical care is a patient-centered philosophy of assistential practice in which the pharmacist, as a health care team member, has responsibilities in patient medication. The correct use of medicines will significantly decrease the negative outcomes of pharmacotherapy, namely untreated health problem..

The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire utility as a tool in medication review

Background:Identification of potentially non-adherent patients is a milestone in the way to the rational use of drugs. Detecting beliefs that influence intentional non-adherence behaviours may improve pharmacists[simplequote] counselling. The aim of this study was to assess the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) as a proxy for necessity..

Identification of Potential Sources of Airborne Olea Pollen in the Southwest Iberian Peninsula

This study aims to determine the potential origin of Olea pollen recorded in Badajoz in the Southwest of the Iberian Peninsula during 2009–2011. This was achieved using a combination of daily average and diurnal (hourly) airborne Olea pollen counts recorded at Badajoz (south-western Spain) and Évora (south-eastern Portugal), an inventory of olive groves in the studied area and air mass trajectory calculations computed using the HYSPLIT model. Examining olive pollen episodes at Badajoz that had distinctly different diurnal cycles in olive pollen in relation to the mean, allowed us to identify three different scenarios where olive pollen can be transported to the city from either distant or nearby sources during conditions with slow air mass movements. Back trajectory analysis showed that olive pollen can be transported to Badajoz from the West on prevailing winds, either directly or on slow moving air masses, and from high densities of olive groves situated to the Southeast (e.g. Andalucía). Regional scale transport of olive pollen can result in increased nighttime concentrations of this important aeroallergen. This could be particularly important in Mediterranean countries where people can be outdoors during this time due to climate and lifestyle. Such studies that examine sources and the atmospheric transport of pollen are valuable for allergy sufferers and health care professionals because the information can be incorporated into forecasts, the outputs of which are used for avoiding exposure to aeroallergens and planning medication. The results of studies of this nature can also be used for examining gene flow in this important agricultural crop.

Potential Sources of Airborne Alternaria spp. spores in South-west Spain

Fungi belonging to the genus of Alternaria are recognised as being significant plant pathogens, and Alternaria allergens are one of themost important causes of respiratory allergic diseases in Europe. This study aims to provide a detailed and original analysis of Alternaria transport dynamics in Badajoz, SW Spain. This was achieved by examining daily mean and hourly observations of airborne Alternaria spores recorded during days with high airborne concentrations of Alternaria spores (N100 s m−3) from 2009 to 2011, as well as four inventory maps of major Alternaria habitats, the overall synoptic weather situation and analysis of air mass transport using Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model and geographic information systems. Land use calculated within a radius of 100 km from Badajoz shows that crops and grasslands are potentially the most important local sources of airborne Alternaria spores recorded at the site. The results of back trajectory analysis showthat, during the examined four episodes, the two main directions where Alternaria source areas were located were: (1) SW–W; and (2) NW–NE. Regional scale and long distance transport could therefore supplement the airborne catch recorded at Badajoz with Alternaria conidia originating from sources such as crops and orchards situated in other parts of the Iberian Peninsula.

A study of Aldred's multiple glosses to the Lindisfarne Gospels

Aldred, the glossator of the Lindisfarne Gospels, presents himself as carefully rendering the Latin lemmata in front of him, in terms of both their internal structure and meaning. His work includes a very high number of multiple glosses, which often attempt to clarify the polysemous character of a lemma or to provide additional information. This paper explores the multiple glosses including different lexemes which Aldred added to lexical lemmata in Mark’s Gospel in an attempt to establish whether there is any correlation between Aldred’s ordering practices and the frequency with which he used the interpretamenta to render those lemmata. The results of the study show some preference for placing the interpretamentum which most commonly renders the Latin lemma in first position, although Aldred’s practice is not fully consistent.

Modulation of a cytoskeletal calpain-like protein induces major transitions in trypanosome morphology

Individual eukaryotic microbes, such as the kinetoplastid parasite Trypanosoma brucei, have a defined size, shape, and form yet transition through life cycle stages, each having a distinct morphology. In questioning the structural processes involved in these transitions, we have identified a large calpain-like protein that contains numerous GM6 repeats (ClpGM6) involved in determining T. brucei cell shape, size, and form. ClpGM6 is a cytoskeletal protein located within the flagellum along the flagellar attachment zone (FAZ). Depletion of ClpGM6 in trypomastigote forms produces cells with long free flagella and a shorter FAZ, accompanied by repositioning of the basal body, the kinetoplast, Golgi, and flagellar pocket, reflecting an epimastigote-like morphology. Hence, major changes in microbial cell form can be achieved by simple modulation of one or a few proteins via coordinated association and positioning of membrane and cytoskeletal components.

Interactive light and sound table: an EPS@ISEP project

Interactive products are appealing objects in a technology-driven society and the offer in the market is wide and varied. Most of the existing interactive products only provide either light or sound experiences. Therefore, the goal of this project was to develop a product aimed for children combining both features. This project was developed by a team of four thirdyear students with different engineering backgrounds and nationalities during the European Project Semester at ISEP (EPS@ISEP) in 2012. This paper presents the process that led to the development of an interactive sound table that combines nine identical interaction blocks, a control block and a sound block. Each interaction block works independently and is composed of four light emitting diodes (LED) and one infrared (IR) sensor. The control is performed by an Arduino microcontroller and the sound block includes a music shield and a pair of loud speakers. A number of tests were carried out to assess whether the controller, IR sensors, LED, music shield and speakers work together properly and if the ensemble was a viable interactive light and sound device for children.