CAPÍTULO I: CAPITALISMO, DEMOCRACIA Y DESARROLLO: ENTRE EL REALISMO Y LA UTOPÍA

Adam Smith se maravilló con los resultados de la división del trabajo y del cambio desarrollado en una economía de mercado (el mecanismo de la “mano invisible”); pero llamó la atención sobre los límites a largo plazo del proceso capitalista de acumulación, que parecía imponer una tendencia a la baja de las ganancias.David Ricardo fue un firme defensor del libre comercio y propuso la teoría de las “ventajas comparativas”, pero avanzó el descubrimiento del fundamento económico de la lucha de clases, que él ubicó en la pugna distributiva por el “producto neto” y en la ley de los rendimientos decrecientes.John Stuart Mill realizó una síntesis sincrética de la Escuela clásica inglesa y del desarrollo capitalista hasta mediados del siglo XIX, pero incorporó en su marco conceptual la contradicción entre la producción y la distribución (la eficiencia y la equidad), y adelantó la teoría del “estado estacionario”.Karl Marx reconoció e incluso elogió, la “misión histórica civilizadora” del capitalismo y el gigantesco desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas que el mismo ha hecho posible, pero dedicó gran parte de su vida a demostrar científicamente los efectos autodestructivos sobre el ser humano y sobre la naturaleza que el capitalismo conlleva en sus entrañas.

História da arte portuguesa medieval : arte gótica : arquitectura civil : o paço medieval : I parte

Académico - Licenciaturas

I Jornadas sobre Arte, Ecología y Uso Público de Espacios Naturales Protegidos

Publicación de las Jornadas que celebró el mes de marzo de 2016, en el Parque Nacional Las Tablas de Daimiel, la asociación Cultura de Ribera con el objetivo de hacer de la cultura y el arte elementos para la conservación de nuestros Espacios Naturales Protegidos. Además de dar unas nociones sobre el paisaje y el territorio de La Mancha Húmeda, en la obra, se traza un panorama histórico sobre Las Tablas y su importancia como el primer Parque Nacional que fue declarado, en gran medida, gracias a la presión ciudadana y del, por entonces, incipiente movimiento ecologista. También se puede encontrar una visión ética de la conservación medioambiental, los antecedentes históricos y experiencias actuales del arte como vector para la conservación de los Espacios Naturales Protegidos y una reflexión sobre el papel del arte y las humanidades en el contexto de la crisis ecológica global. La obra se cierra con un artículo sobre la figura de Ignacio Meco, artista que en su obra aunaba arte y conservación del medio y que tuvo su casa taller en la Zona de Protección de Las Tablas.

A influência do treino e de um protocolo preventivo no complexo articular do ombro em voleibolistas da I Divisão

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Fisioterapia

Elites e educação: itinerários escolares e percursos profissionais. Alentejo, séculos XIX e XX

A tese examina a relação entre as elites e a educação em Portugal durante a Monarquia Constitucional e na Iª República. Em primeiro lugar caracteriza o quadro europeu no qual emergiram os modernos sistemas de ensino, focando-se depois na análise dos processos de segmentação que separaram o ensino clássico do ensino técnico, passando em revista a literatura sobre o reformismo educativo português. Em segundo, analisa o processo de segmentação na cidade de Évora, capital de uma região caracterizada pela prática de uma agricultura essencialmente extensiva e comercial, na qual estavam implantadas as instituições de ensino que constituem o objeto de estudo: o Liceu e a Escola Industrial. Em terceiro, procede à caracterização dos espaços escolares; em quarto estuda as condutas públicas dos agentes educativos, em particular dos reitores e dos professores, colocando em destaque a sua intervenção pública; em quinto, caracteriza a procura a que foram sujeitos os vários institutos de ensino estudados: a ênfase foi colocada na mobilidade geográfica aferida a partir da naturalidade dos alunos e da residência dos pais; em sexto, foi efetuada a análise da extração social dos alunos e o perfil ocupacional dos pais. Finalmente, em último lugar, foram reconstituídos os percursos académicos e profissionais dos alunos liceais no arco cronológico antes enunciado; Elites and Education.School itineraries and career paths.Alentejo, 19th and 20th centuries. Abstract: The thesis examines the relation between elites and education in Portugal, during the Constitutional Monarchy and the First Republic. Firstly, it characterises the European context in which modern teaching systems emerged and it focuses on the analysis of the processes of segmentation that separate classic and technical teaching. It reviews literature on Portuguese educational reformism, centred on classic and technical teaching. Secondly, it analyses the process of segmentation in Évora, capital of a region that is characterised by agriculture, which is essentially extensive and commercial, home to the education institutions our study focuses on: the Liceu and the Industrial School. Thirdly, school facilities are characterised; then, public behaviour of educators, namely that of headmasters and teachers, highlighting their public intervention; it characterises the demand in these institutions - the emphasis is placed on geographic mobility, considering students' birthplace and their parents' residence; a study on students' backgrounds and parents' occupational profiles is carried out. Eventually, the academic and professional itineraries of Liceu students' are reconstituted, within the formerly described chronological arch.

“Dar a volta à história”: do século XIX à Pós-Graduação em Artes Visuais e Género da Universidade de Évora

Comparar visibilidades e invisibilidades, relacionar diferentes tipos de periferias, estudar trajetórias deslembradas e entrelaçar outras mais conhecidas, comparando diferentes geografias, a portuguesa e a eslava, foram os objetivos da comunicação que agora se verte em artigo. Maria Guilhermina Silva Reis, Zoé Wauthelet Batalha Reis, Maria da Glória Ribeiro da Cruz foram três artistas portuguesas do século XIX e início do XX, cujos percursos desembocaram praticamente na invisibilidade. Marie Bashkirtseff, pintora de origem ucraniana, Aurélia de Sousa, pintora portuguesa e Anna Bilińska-Bohdanowicz, pintora polaca, têm os seus retratos na história e aqui serão justamente lembradas. Cotejando invisibilidades, aponta-se o caso atual da Pós-Graduação em Artes Visuais e Género da Universidade de Évora, pioneira no contexto académico português, mas conservada na penumbra. Porque é forte a convicção de que algo se pode fazer neste campo extremamente sensível da visibilidade em Arte, é o momento de “dar a volta à história”…

i-Cobb - An innovative technique in spinal radiographic measurement

The measurement of Cobb angles from radiographs is routine practice in spinal clinics. The technique relies on the use and availability of specialist equipment such as a goniometer, cobbometer or protractor. The aim of this study was to validate the use of i-Phone (Apple Inc) combined with Tilt Meter Pro software as compared to a protractor in the measurement of Cobb angles. Between November 2008 and December 2008 20 patients were selected at random from the Paediatric Spine Research Groups Database. A power calculation was performed which indicated if n=240 measurements the study had a 96% chance of detecting a 5 degree difference between groups. All patients had idiopathic scoliosis with a range of curve types and severities. The study found the i-Phone combined with Tilt Meter Pro software offers a faster alternative to the traditional method of Cobb angle measurement. The use of i-Phone offers a more convenient way of measuring Cobb angles in the outpatient setting. The intra-observer repeatability of the iPhone is equivalent to the protractor in the measurement of Cobb angles.

Low-complexity estimation of CFO and frequency independent I/Q mismatch for OFDM systems

CFO and I/Q mismatch could cause significant performance degradation to OFDM systems. Their estimation and compensation are generally difficult as they are entangled in the received signal. In this paper, we propose some low-complexity estimation and compensation schemes in the receiver, which are robust to various CFO and I/Q mismatch values although the performance is slightly degraded for very small CFO. These schemes consist of three steps: forming a cosine estimator free of I/Q mismatch interference, estimating I/Q mismatch using the estimated cosine value, and forming a sine estimator using samples after I/Q mismatch compensation. These estimators are based on the perception that an estimate of cosine serves much better as the basis for I/Q mismatch estimation than the estimate of CFO derived from the cosine function. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes can improve system performance significantly, and they are robust to CFO and I/Q mismatch.

"Well, now I'm upset": Moral and social orders in the playground

There is much still to learn about how young children’s membership with peers shapes their constructions of moral and social obligations within everyday activities in the school playground. This paper investigates how a small group of girls, aged four to six years, account for their everyday social interactions in the playground. They were video-recorded as they participated in a pretend game of school. Several days later, a video-recorded excerpt of the interaction was shown to them and invited to comment on what was happening in the video. This conversation was audio-recorded. Drawing on a conversation analysis approach, this chapter shows that, despite their discontent and complaining about playing the game of school, the girls’ actions showed their continued orientation to the particular codes of the game, of ‘no going away’ and ‘no telling’. By making relevant these codes, jointly constructed by the girls during the interview, they managed each other’s continued participation within two arenas of action: the pretend, as a player in a pretend game of school; and the real, as a classroom member of a peer group. Through inferences to explicit and implicit codes of conduct, moral obligations were invoked as the girls attempted to socially exclude or build alliances with others, and enforce their own social position. As well, a shared history that the girls re-constructed has moral implications for present and future relationships. The girls oriented to the history as an interactional resource for accounting for their actions in the pretend game. This paper uncovers how children both participate in, and shape, their everyday social worlds through talk and interaction and the consequences a taken-for-granted activity such as playing school has for their moral and social positions in the peer group.