998 resultados para Duo Elina Järvelä


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Trichomycterus dali, new species, is described from flooded limestone caves in Serra da Bodoquena karst area, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Central Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by a unique character in the genus, the presence of conspicuous, ridge-like adipose folds lining dorsally throughout the body. Trichomycterus dali can be further distinguished readily from epigean congeners by the reduction of eyes and skin pigmentation (except for T. gorgona), and from remaining congeners (i.e., all hypogean plus T. gorgona) by the total loss of eyes, not visible externally (except for T. sandovali and T. spelaeus). Other diagnostic features includes very long barbels, especially the nasal (99.3-143.5% HL) and the maxillary (97.0-131.3% HL), pectoral-fin ray count reaching I,9 and a unique cranial fontanel with a conspicuous constriction on the meeting point of supraoccipital and the two frontal bones. The troglobitic status of the species is suggested by the presence of troglomorphisms on an advanced degree, especially the reduction of skin pigmentation, the total loss of eyes and the enlarged barbels. In addition, the presence of a well developed adipose fold in adults may indicate a distinctive adaptation acquired by neoteny to withstand the food scarce conditions of its hypogean habitat.

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Ituglanis mambai, new species, is described from a cave in the Mamba karst area, State of Gois, Central Brazil. The new species distinguishes from epigean and cave congeners by the combination of the following characteristics: posterior supraoccipital fontanel absent; pectoral-fin rays usually i,7; six pleural ribs; total vertebrae 37-38 behind Weberian apparatus; shorter predorsal length (65.1-70.8% SL); shorter caudal peduncle length (8.4-11.9% SL); shorter dorsal-fin base length (7.7-11.3% SL); wider interobital width (29.2-36.5% HL); larger mouth width (43.4-64.0% HL); intermediate between epigean and other cave Ituglanis species as regards to both eyes (diameter varying from 0.5 to1.0 mm in adults, 7.8-10.1 % HL) and pigmentation, composed by irregular light brown spots along the body. The latter indicate the troglobitic status for I. mambai. In addition, this species has the maxillae with a discrete medial-posterior projection; fronto-lacrimal one half-length of the maxillae and pointed backwards; posterior process of palatine half its length, with a tenuous medial concavity; 14 dorsal and 12 ventral procurrent rays. In the natural habitat, I. mambai displayed cryptobiotic habits, trying to hide in the graveled bottom or under boulders when disturbed, apparently showing a negative response to light. It was observed a preference to slow-moving waters. Recent flood marks were observed in the stream conduit in March/April 2007 (end of the rainy season) when less individuals were observed on 300 m of the subterranean stream compared to September 2004 (end of the dry season).

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During the exploration and mapping of new caves in Serra do Ramalho karst area, southern Bahia state, cavers from the Grupo Bambu de Pesquisas Espeleolgicas - GBPE (Belo Horizonte) noticed the presence of troglomorphic catfishes (species with reduced eyes and/or melanic pigmentation), which we intensively investigated with regards to their ecology and behavior since 2005. Non-troglomorphic fishes regularly found in the studied caves were included in this investigation. We present here data on the natural history of two troglobitic (exclusively subterranean troglomorphic species) fishes - Rhamdia enfurnada Bichuette & Trajano, 2005 (Heptapteridae; Gruna do Enfurnado) and Trichomycterus undescribed species (Trichomycteridae; Lapa dos Peixes and Gruna da gua Clara), and non-troglomorphic Hoplias cf. malabaricus, probably a troglophile (able to form populations both in epigean and subterranean habitats) in the Gruna do Enfurnado, and Pimelodella sp., a species with a sink population in the Lapa dos Peixes.

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After an ichthyofaunistic survey in several epigean (surface) water bodies of the Serra do Ramalho, southern Bahia, conducted in May 2007, 44 species were recorded; in addition, three non-troglomorphic (normally eyed and pigmented) and two troglomorphic species were recorded only in caves, totaling 49 species of fishes for the area, which represents a little more than one fourth of the total registered in the literature for the entire Rio So Francisco basin. In these caves, which have been studied since 2005, eight non-troglomorphic species were sampled and their presence in both epigean and subterranean habitats, associated to the lack of morphological differences, indicate that they may be either troglophiles (species encompassing individuals able to live and complete their life cycle either in the surface or in the subterranean environment), trogloxenes (individuals regularly found in subterranean habitats, but which must return periodically to the surface in order to complete their life cycle) or even accidental in caves. In addition, two troglomorphic species (with reduced eyes and melanic pigmentation when compared to close epigean relatives), belonging respectively to the genera Rhamdia and Trichomycterus, were recorded exclusively in caves, thus classified as troglobites. Interestingly, no epigean representative of the genus Trichomycterus was collected. The new data are integrated into updated lists of Brazilian troglobitic and troglophilic fishes, based on published data and new records recently confirmed.

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A new species of the rare copionodontine genus Glaphyropoma is described from subterranean waters in the Diamantina Plateau, Bahia State, central northeastern Brazil. This is the first troglomorphic species in the subfamily Copionodontinae. It is distinguished from all other copionodontines by the presence of opercular odontodes, and further distinguished from its only congener, G. rodriguesi, by the reduction of dark integumentary pigmentation. The new species shares the single synapomorphy previously proposed for Glaphyropoma, the marked narrowing of the first hypobranchial and indirect character evidence also supports its inclusion in the genus. The presence of opercular odontodes in the new species, in combination with a reviewed hypothesis of sister group relationship between Copionodontinae and Trichogeninae, indicate that the absence of opercular odontodes in previously-known copionodontines is secondary, rather than primitive.

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We describe herein an evaluation of the trypanocidal effect of eight piperamides (1-8) isolated from Piper tuberculatum bearing dihydropyridone, piperidine, and isobutyl moieties against epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas` disease. Based on such results, three hydrogenated and two hydrolyzed derivatives (10-14) were prepared and evaluated as well. The dihydropyridone amides (1-3) displayed higher anti-trypanosomal activity. The (Z)-piplartine (1) showed higher activity with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC(50)) value of 10.5 mu M, almost four times more potent than the positive control, benznidazole (IC(50) = 42.7 mu M), and should be further evaluated as a suitable hit for the design of new antiprotozoal agents.

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the fracture strength of three techniques used to re-attach tooth fragments in sound and endodontically treated fractured teeth with or without fiber post placement. Material and methods: Ninety human lower incisors were randomly divided into three groups of 30 teeth each. In group A teeth were not subjected to endodontic treatment; while teeth from groups B and C were endodontically treated and the pulp chamber restored with a composite resin. All teeth were fractured by an axial load applied to the buccal area in order to obtain tooth fragments. Teeth from each group were then divided into three subgroups, according to the re-attachment technique: bonded-only, buccal-chamfer and circumferential chamfer. Before the re-attachment procedures, fiber posts were placed in teeth from group C using dual cure resin luting cement (Duo-Link). All teeth (groups A-C) had the fragments re-attached using a same dual cure resin luting cement. in the bonded-only group, no additional preparation was made. After re-attachment of the fragment, teeth from groups buccal and circumferential chamfer groups had a 1.0 mm depth chamfer placed in the fracture line either on buccal surfaceor along the buccal and lingual surfaces, respectively. increments of microhybid composite resin (Tetric Ceram) were used in subgroups buccal chamfer and circumferential chamfer to restore the chamfer. The specimens were loaded until fracture in the same pre-determined area. The force required to detach each fragment was recorded and the data was subjected to a three-way analysis of variance where factors Group and Re-attachment technique are independent measures and Time of fracture is a repeated measure factor (first and second) and Tukey`s test (alpha = 0.05). Results: The main factors Re-attachment technique (p = 0.04) and Time of fracture (p = 0.02) were statistically significant. The buccal and circumferential chamfer techniques were statistically similar (p > 0.05) and superior to the bonded-only group (p < 0.05). The first time of fracture was statistically superior to second time of fracture (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The use of fiber post is not necessary for the reinforcement of the tooth structure in re-attachment of endodontically treated teeth. When bonding a fractured fragment, the buccal or circumferential re-attachment techniques should be preferable in comparison with the simple re-attachment without any additional preparation. None of the techniques used for re-attachment restored the fracture strength of the intact teeth. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Recent studies have indicated a role for caveolin in regulating cholesterol-dependent signaling events. In the present study we have analyzed the role of caveolins in intracellular cholesterol cycling using a dominant negative caveolin mutant. The mutant caveolin protein, cav-3(DGV) specifically associates with the membrane surrounding large lipid droplets. These structures contain neutral lipids, and are accessed by caveolin 1-3 upon overexpression. Fluorescence, electron, and video microscopy observations are consistent with formation of the membrane-enclosed lipid rich structures by maturation of subdomains of the ER. The caveolin mutant causes the intracellular accumulation of free cholesterol (FC) in late endosomes, a decrease in surface cholesterol and a decrease in cholesterol efflux and synthesis. The amphiphile U18666A acts synergistically with cav(DGV) to increase intracellular accumulation of FC. Incubation of cells with oleic acid induces a significant accumulation of full-length caveolins in the enlarged lipid droplets. We conclude that caveolin can associate with the membrane surrounding lipid droplets and is a key component involved in intracellular cholesterol balance and lipid transport in fibroblasts.

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O s??timo volume da s??rie Inova????o na Gest??o P??blica apresenta orienta????es b??sicas para a gest??o consorciada de res??duos s??lidos. Este ???guia??? surgiu de uma a????o conjunta entre a coopera????o espanhola e o Projeto Brasil Munic??pios, realizada entre setembro de 2010 maio de 2011, com o intuito de apoiar a implementa????o de uma experi??ncia de cons??rcio p??blico na Regi??o Metropolitana da Grande Aracaju para a gest??o integrada dos res??duos s??lidos nos moldes da Lei de Cons??rcios (Lei 11.107/2005) e seu decreto regulamentador, bem como na Lei de Saneamento B??sico (Lei 11.445/2007) e em sintonia com a Pol??tica Nacional de Res??duos S??lidos. O cap??tulo 1 traz informa????es sobre a Pol??tica Nacional de Res??duos S??lidos (PNRS), a ado????o de solu????es intermunicipais para a destina????o final de rejeitos e sobre as novas responsabilidades dos munic??pios para gest??o e manejo de res??duo s??lidos previstas na PNRS. O segundo cap??tulo, por sua vez, discorre sobre o instituto do cons??rcio p??blico dando ??nfase ?? gest??o consorciada intermunicipal dos res??duos s??lidos. Por fim, o terceiro cap??tulo apresenta informa????es t??cnicas para apoiar esse arranjo institucional, como ??ndices de gera????o per capita de res??duos s??lidos domiciliares e p??blicos, dimensionamento de pessoal para cons??rcio, e respectivos custos e diretrizes para a fiscaliza????o do operador de aterro sanit??rios

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Com o objetivo de desenvolver uma pol??tica de qualidade total, o INSS percebeu a necessidade de melhorar a qualidade de vida dos servidores de modo a obter a melhoria da qualidade do trabalho. Com esta finalidade, foi proposto o Programa ???Sa??de e Preven????o???, focado no diagn??stico biopsicossocial dos servidores, com o planejamento de a????es que contemplam aspectos da sa??de f??sica, ps??quica e social e dimens??es educacionais associadas ?? valoriza????o do indiv??duo no trabalho e do seu desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional. A iniciativa alcan??ou a melhoria da qualidade de vida e de trabalho dos servidores, a viabiliza????o de uma pol??tica integrada, voltada para a????es preventivas, orientadoras e curativas, contemplando as necessidades das unidades e subunidades, a elimina????o de a????es pulverizadas, otimizando a rela????o de custo/benef??cio do investimento em sa??de no trabalho e uma maior efici??ncia no atendimento m??dico dos servidores, mediante a informatiza????o e a atua????o a partir do diagn??stico biopsicossocial

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M??dulo 1: O que ?? gest??o do conhecimento na administra????o p??blica? Dado. Informa????o. Conhecimento. Economia do Conhecimento. Administra????o p??blica. GC na administra????o p??blica. Componentes do Modelo de Gest??o do Conhecimento para a Administra????o P??blica Brasileira. Rela????o entre GC e gest??o estrat??gica. Viabilizadores da GC. Processo de GC. Ciclo KDCA. M??dulo 2: Por que gest??o do conhecimento na administra????o p??blica? A import??ncia da GC. Raz??es para implementar GC na administra????o p??blica. Benef??cios da GC para o indiv??duo, equipes, organiza????o e sociedade. M??dulo 3: Pr??ticas de gest??o do conhecimento. Pr??ticas de relacionadas principalmente aos aspectos de gest??o de recursos humanos que facilitam a transfer??ncia, a dissemina????o e o compartilhamento de informa????es e conhecimento. Pr??ticas ligadas primariamente ?? estrutura????o dos processos organizacionais que funcionam como facilitadores da gera????o, reten????o, organiza????o e dissemina????o do conhecimento organizacional. Pr??ticas cujo foco central ?? a base tecnol??gica e funcional que serve de suporte ?? gest??o do conhecimento organizacional, incluindo automa????o da gest??o da informa????o, aplicativos e ferramentas de Tecnologia da Informa????o (TI) para captura, difus??o e colabora????o. M??dulo 4: Como implementar gest??o do conhecimento na administra????o p??blica? Resultados esperados da implementa????o da GC. O papel a ser desempenho pelas ??reas respons??veis por gest??o de pessoas; gest??o da informa????o e documenta????o; gest??o da tecnologia da informa????o e comunica????es; planejamento estrat??gico; gerenciamento de projetos e gest??o de processos na implementa????o da GC na organiza????o. Ciclo Operacional de GC. Principais barreiras e facilitadores ?? implementa????o da GC nas organiza????es p??blicas. Iniciativas de GC. Passos para elaborar e implementar o plano de gest??o do conhecimento. Estudos de caso: Superintend??ncia de Aeronavegabilidade da Ag??ncia Nacional de Avia????o Civil (SAR/ANAC); Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Tel??grafos (ECT); Instituto de Pesquisa Econ??mica Aplicada (Ipea), Escola Nacional de Administra????o P??blica (Enap), Ag??ncia Brasileira de Desenvolvimento Industrial (ABDI); Secretaria Estadual de Planejamento e Gest??o de Minas Gerais (SEPLAG/MG); Pol??cia Civil de Minas Gerais (PCMG); Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais (PMMG).

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Esse documento trata de: compet??ncia do titular dos servi??os; composi????o dos Servi??os P??blicos de Saneamento B??sico; gest??o associada dos servi??os p??blicos de saneamento: a import??ncia dos cons??rcios p??blicos e dos conv??nios de coopera????o; Planejamento do Saneamento B??sico; atividades de regula????o, organiza????o, fiscaliza????o e presta????o dos servi??os

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A Funda????o Escola Nacional de Administra????o P??blica - ENAP, ??rg??o vinculado a esta Secretaria da Administra????o Federal - SAF, apresenta ?? comunidade de recursos humanos, dirigentes, e servidores p??blicos e demais segmentos da sociedade as diretrizes e linhas program??ticas que orientam as suas atividades. As linhas de atua????o da Escola mostram a amplitude de sua capacidade de atendimento ??s necessidades de profissionaliza????o do servidor p??blico, ?? sua valoriza????o como indiv??duo e ?? moderniza????o do Estado brasileiro, consolidando a ENAP como centro de refer??ncia e f??rum de discuss??es dos temas afetos ao setor p??blico, ao servidor e ao cidad??o. A divulga????o deste documento que define a miss??o institucional da ENAP objetiva sinalizar o potencial de a????es que esta Escola coloca ?? disposi????o do setor p??blico e ainda, atuar como geradora de demandas.