Avaliação do potencial biotecnológico de microorganismos da biodiversidade brasileira: biodegradação de herbicidas benzonitrilados

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Produção de fitase por Rhizopus microsporus var. microsporus: purificação, caracterização bioquímica e aplicação

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

Contaminación microbiana en las líneas de agua de las unidades odontológicas

Introduction and Objective: Microorganisms are responsible for multiple infections and pathologies; this is why it is important to control microbes that can be found in the triple syringe used for irrigation in different dental procedures. The aim of this study was to identify cultivable species of microbes (fungus and bacteria) found in some dental units water lines of a private dental clinic from Medellín, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Random samples were taken from 11 chairs from a total of 89; a sample of water of 500ml was collected from the triple syringe of each selected chair. The study aim to search for the presence of total coliforms, filamentous fungi and leavened Results: the average presence of microorganisms was between 40CFU and more of 200 CFU. Microorganisms such as Aeromona salmonicida, Actinobacilus sp and Pseudomona maltophil were isolated. No total coliforms neither fecal coliforms were found. Conclusions: the high levels of contamination suggest that there is a mature biofilm in somewhere of the dental unit water line, but the absence of total and fecalis coliforms suggest that the water had been treated.

Influência da temperatura na atividade de amilase e protease de Rhizopus oligosporus cultivado por fermentação em estado sólido

Amilases e proteases constituem um dos principais grupos de enzimas industriais pelo seu amplo espectro de aplicações biotecnológicas. Elas podem ser obtidas a partir de fontes microbianas e com altos rendimentos por processos de fermentação em estado sólido (FES). Conhecer as características bioquímicas das enzimas é fundamental para adequação aos processos industriais. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar a melhor temperatura para atividade das enzimas amilase e protease de Rhizopus oligosporus obtidas por fermentação em estado sólido utilizando farelo de trigo como substrato. Os melhores valores para atividade amilolítica e proteolítica foram obtidos nas temperaturas de 55 - 65 °C e de 50 - 60 °C, respectivamente. Estes resultados sugerem que as enzimas estudadas podem ser utilizadas em processos que empregam elevadas temperaturas.

Biocontrole de formigas-cortadeiras utilizando o fungo Escovopsis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ferramenta computacional para identificação de micro-organismos com base em assinaturas genômicas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência do manejo do solo em atributos químicos, físicos e microbiológicos dos córregos Jaboticabal e Cerradinho

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Capacitação de produtores rurais para a melhoria da qualidade do leite cru produzido na região de Araçatuba - SP

This paper reports the results of an extension project carried out at Unesp/Veterinary Medicine course in Araçatuba city with milk farmers of the region. The aim of the project was to supply information to farmers concerning to good quality milk production and, at the same time, to follow up the evolution of milk quality parameters, according to the current Brazilian legislation. Every 45 days, approximately, lectures were presented to milk farmers in Araçatuba city region, approaching chemical and microbiological composition of milk, prevention and detection of mastitis, hygiene proceedings in milking and conservation of milk, cleaning and sanitization operations of facilities and equipments and prevention of adulteration. During the intervals between lectures, milk samples were collected from collective milk cooling tanks and analyzed for microbiological, hygienic and physicochemical tests. The main inadequacies in milk quality were high total bacteria and somatic cells counts, low solids contents and water addition. These problems did not proceed to betterment during the project time. So, it was concluded that the time for instruction of farmers was not enough for a progress in the quality of the milk produced in the region, pointing out the need in continuing this kind of work.

Atividade inibitória de extratos de plantas da savana brasileira sobre microrganismos superinfectantes e oportunistas

A utilização de compostos naturais na medicina de populações tradicionais é uma realidade em todo o mundo e o cerrado brasileiro apresenta grande diversidade de vegetais com uso potencial no tratamento de infecções por microrganismos oportunistas. Esse estudo avaliou a atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos vegetais do cerrado brasileiro sobre microrganismos oportunistas e superinfectantes. Nos testes foram preparados extratos hidroalcoólicos e aquosos de 22 espécies de plantas utilizadas nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste como parte da medicina popular. Esses extratos foram testados sobre Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 e Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 e dez isolados clínicos de cada uma dessas espécies microbianas. Inicialmente foi realizada uma triagem para se determinar a atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos. Em seguida, foram realizados testes para avaliar a maior diluição inibitória dos extratos por meio do método de diluição em caldo e testes de atividade inibitória em biofilme. Os resultados demonstraram que embora aproximadamente 20% de todos os extratos mostraram atividade inibitória sobre algum dos microrganismos alvo, os mais ativos foram os extratos aquosos e hidroalcoólicos de araçá e aroeira, se mostrando ativos frente a todos os microrganismos.

Antimicrobial activity of six plant extracts from the brazilian savanna on periodontal pathogens

Fundação do Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Opportunistic microorganisms in patients with head and neck trauma

The use of antimicrobial agents has facilitated the dissemination of multi-resistant microorganisms, compromising dental and medical treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of different opportunistic microbial species in patients who suffered head and neck trauma, under temporary maintenance in nosocomial environment, particularly intensive care units, on the occurrence of such microorganisms in the oral cavity of the patients. It was selected 38 patients subjected to head and neck traumas. After emergency surgical procedures, clinical samples of saliva, sub and supragingival biofilms and mucosal surfaces were collected at two different moments: just after stabilization of the patient and soon after patients’ release from medical units. The presence of opportunistic and superinfecting microorganisms was evaluated by culture on selective and non-selective media, and the presence of the family Enterobacteriaceae, as well as genera Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus was assessed by PCR. It was found that the use of antimicrobials, even for short periods of time was sufficient to facilitate colonization by microorganisms of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae, as well as yeasts and enterococci. These results support the concept that medical and dental teams should make a periodically change of antimicrobials used in treatment protocols in hospital for head and neck trauma patients, in order to minimize dissemination of opportunistic or superinfecting microorganisms.

A importância da atenção farmacêutica após a verificação da qualidade microbiológica de medicamentos contendo paracetamol encontrados em algumas residências de Américo Brasiliense - SP

It is known that a high microbial count can compromise the stability of medicines, thus reducing their therapeutic efficacy. This work tried to demonstrate that the microbial contamination can be directly related to the inadequate handling of the medicines stored in homes, making it possible to draw strategies to reduce the possible risks of medical therapy offering correct information and advising. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of the medicines containing paracetamol found in the residences of Américo Brasiliense-SP, using the microbial analysis of non-sterile method described in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia (1988). The medicine samples (30 samples) were obtained directly from the interviewed local residents, who had received new medicine bottles of the same product. An analysis of viable microorganisms (bacteria and fungus) was carried out to identify pathogens found in the collected samples. Although 90% of the analyzed samples have shown some microbial contamination, the results indicated the absence of pathogenic microorganisms, and the total count of viable microorganisms was below the maximum value for non-sterile (104 UFC/g or mL). It was also verified that the local residents stored the medicines in appropriate places, according to the orientations received when they bought the medicines in pharmacies and drugstores, showing the importance of information for the correct use and conservation of pharmaceuticals.

Incêndios de petróleo e pretoquímicos: biorremediação de áreas afetadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Papel de cepas de Streptococcus mutans e Bifidobacterium spp. na etiologia ou proteção contra doenças bucais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Produção e caracterização de amilases bacterianas: α-amilase e ciclodextrina glucanotransferase (CGTase)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)