1000 resultados para Administração da informação
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OBJETIVO: Conhecer a qualidade dos dados de internação por causas externas em São José dos Campos, São Paulo. MÉTODO: Foram estudadas as internações pelo Sistema Único de Saúde por lesões decorrentes de causas externas no primeiro semestre de 2003, no Hospital Municipal, referência para o atendimento ao trauma no Município, por meio da comparação dos dados registrados no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares com os prontuários de 990 internações. A concordância das variáveis relativas à vítima, à internação e ao agravo foi avaliada pela taxa bruta de concordância e pelo coeficiente Kappa. As lesões e as causas externas foram codificadas segundo a 10ª revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças, respectivamente, capítulos XIX e XX. RESULTADOS: A taxa de concordância bruta foi de boa qualidade para as variáveis relativas à vítima e à internação, variando de 89,0% a 99,2%. As lesões tiveram concordância ótima, exceto os traumatismos do pescoço (k=0,73), traumatismos múltiplos (k=0,67) e fraturas do tórax (k=0,49). As causas externas tiveram concordância ótima para acidentes de transporte (k=0,90) e quedas (k=0,83). A confiabilidade foi menor para agressões (k=0,50), causas indeterminadas (k=0,37), e complicações da assistência médica (k=0,03). Houve concordância ótima nos acidentes de transporte em pedestres, ciclistas e motociclistas. CONCLUSÃO: A maioria das variáveis de estudo teve boa qualidade no nível de agregação analisado. Algumas variáveis relativas à vítima e alguns tipos de causas externas necessitam de aperfeiçoamento da qualidade dos dados. O perfil da morbidade hospitalar encontrado confirmou os acidentes de transporte como importante causa externa de internação hospitalar no Município.
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Apesar do reconhecimento da importância dos conhecimentos geográficos e do uso das ferramentas de análise espacial nos estudos da saúde coletiva, esse é um campo ainda pouco explorado pelos pesquisadores brasileiros. Em levantamento realizado nas principais revistas científicas que veiculam os resultados de pesquisa em saúde do trabalhador, verificou-se o grande predomínio do uso de tabelas e gráficos como meio de organizar e apresentar os resultados obtidos, e o número reduzido de mapas. Para isso foram examinados todos os artigos publicados em quatro periódicos (Revista de Saúde Pública, Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Revista Saúde e Sociedade e Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia) no período de 1967 a 2009. Uma vez analisado o conjunto de artigos selecionados no estudo, aqueles que utilizaram representações cartográficas receberam atenção especial. Verificou-se que, embora ainda pouco utilizadas, as ferramentas do geoprocessamento e da geoestatística com suporte em SIG abrem um campo de novas possibilidades no uso da cartografia temática em saúde do trabalhador no Brasil. Contudo, recomenda-se para os editores das revistas científicas o detalhamento de normas técnicas para publicação de figuras cartográficas, assim como a elaboração de pareceres específicos que possam auxiliar os autores em vista das modificações necessárias para a melhoria da qualidade da comunicação visual de mapas e da correlação espacial por meio do tratamento cartográfico.
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A análise da mortalidade tem sido muito usada em saúde pública, e a causa básica da morte é uma variável bastante estudada. Na maioria dos países, há obrigatoriedade de o médico preencher a declaração de óbito (DO), informando às autoridades a ocorrência do evento, características do falecido e causas da morte. Quando há dois ou mais diagnósticos na declaração das causas da morte, surge a questão da seleção da causa básica. As normas para o preenchimento das causas de morte pelos médicos nas DO e as regras para a seleção da causa básica, quando mais de uma causa é declarada, estão definidas pela OMS, visando à comparabilidade internacional. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar se a aplicação das Regras Internacionais de Classificação da causa básica permite a seleção da real causa básica, mesmo se declarada incorretamente pelo médico. O material pertence ao "Estudo sobre a mortalidade de mulheres em idade fértil", sendo que 1.315 casos satisfizeram os requisitos de inclusão. Para cada morte foi realizada uma investigação através de entrevistas domiciliárias, consultas aos prontuários hospitalares e assemelhados. Médicos treinados e calibrados preenchiam uma DO nova, após a leitura de toda a informação, e selecionavam a "verdadeira" causa básica da morte. Esta era comparada com a causa básica da DO original, obtida por meio das Regras Internacionais. Entre as DO, em 1.192 (90,6%) houve concordância com a verdadeira causa básica obtida após a investigação. Concluiu-se que as Regras Internacionais permitem selecionar a real causa básica, mesmo quando o médico preenche inadequadamente a DO
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A fim de combater o aumento dos casos de excesso de peso, o Ministério da Saúde definiu a rotulagem nutricional obrigatória para auxiliar o consumidor na compra dos alimentos. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a percepção de consumidores com relação às informações contidas nos rótulos de alimentos. Foi desenvolvido um questionário sobre rotulagem de alimentos, que foi respondido por 29 indivíduos e analisados a partir do método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. 59 por cento dos entrevistados leem as informações nutricionais contidas no rótulo. Observou-se modificação na compra e no consumo do alimento, principalmente com base na informação do valor calórico. Quanto ao entendimento do conceito de Valores Diários, percebe-se que a informação não é bem compreendida pelos consumidores. É importante uma ação educativa para a massificação da leitura e entendimento das informações nutricionais, a fim de promover melhores escolhas e dar subsídios aos indivíduos para que tenham autonomia na escolha de alimentos
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The technological development experienced in the contemporary world are transforming society and relations between State and people. The mobility of human being has reached levels never before imagined and a person can move from one side of the world to the other side in less than 24 hours. This mobility also includes goods and services, giving the keynote of the globalized world of the XXI Century. In this context, the risks of diseases and others health problems are intensely amplified. Nowadays, an epidemic that begins in China can arrive in Brazil the following day. Brazil recognizes health as a universal right and also consider it a State's obligation. Therefore, the State of Brazil is obligated to organize itself to eliminate or control health risks. Today, the organization of the Brazilian State regarding the surveillance of risks of diseases and other health problems is fragmented and includes sanitary surveillance (focused on goods, products and services), epidemiological surveillance (diseases and investigations of other risks) and environmental surveillance in health (the environment in general, including the workplace). This fragmentation causes problems for the management and consolidation of strategic information for health protection. Brazil has the need to think about an other model of organization that put together all "kinds" of surveillances within a single coordinated system, called the National System of Health Surveillance, which would be able to coordinate the various specialties of health surveillance that exists in the country in order to provide a effective system of information and health surveillance, able to face emergency situations of public health
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The study describes the process of scientific institutionalization of Information Science in Brazil, from quantitative analysis of the development of undergraduate courses in the area. As body of research, it considers the following courses: Librarianship, Archival Science, Museology, Information Science and Management one, created between the years 1910 and 2008. It is noted that the growth trend of the quantity of courses reflects the importance given to information in the current context. However, the diversity of nomenclature and conceptual differences in the theoretical field illustrate the epistemological fragility of the area, as well as the search for greater professional visibility in society.
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The recommended bibliographical references for the development of scientific research are those published by scientific journals. In spite of this recommendation, the use of non conventional documents by undergraduate students has been increasing. This paper, developed as a survey with 145 students of Administration, Accounting and Economics, characterizes the use these documents and analyzes teaching strategies supported in the use of non conventional documents.
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The Information Society (IS) may be taken as a geopolitical organization which started after the Third Industrial Revolution, having direct impact on the use of information and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The expression arose as techno-social paradigm change in the post-industrial society, aiming to use information as currency to the society-in-progress at that time. In Brazil it has become stronger with the Programa Sociedade da Informacao no Brasil-Livro Verde, lunched by the Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia, in September 2000 without any discussion with the civil society to formulate the main document. Our main goal in this article is to discuss the Information Society in contemporary times, and also the organized and conscious use of information, looking for key-concepts to a better understanding of it, from some topics as digital inclusion-exclusion to the use of digital informational resources.
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Information and knowledge have been cited for two decades as competitive advantage tools. Recently, the use of them is discussed in promotion of the innovation. The premise indicates that human interaction, information sharing and knowledge creation are vital for the success of organizations that need to learn and innovate all the time. This paper has the intention to point contributions from a dynamic environment of acquisition, dissemination and the use of information to the subsequent knowledge creation and the formation of innovation teams.
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With the advent and development of technology, mainly in the Internet, more and more electronic services are being offered to customers in all areas of business, especially in the offering of information services, as in virtual libraries. This article proposes a new opportunity to provide services to virtual libraries customers, presenting a methodology for the implementation of electronic services oriented by these customers' life situations. Through analytical observations of some national virtual libraries sites, it could be identified that the offer of services considering life situations and relationship interest situations can promote the service to their customers, providing greater satisfaction and, consequently, improving quality in the offer of information services. The visits to those sites and the critical analysis of the data collected during these visits, supported by bibliographic researches results, have enabled the description of this methodology, concluding that the provision of services on an isolated way or in accordance with the user's profile on sites of virtual libraries is not always enough to ensure the attendance to the needs and expectations of its customers, which suggests the offering of these services considering life situations and relationship interest situations as a complement that adds value to the business of virtual library. This becomes relevant when indicates new opportunities to provide virtual libraries services with quality, serving as a guide to the information providers managers, enabling the offering of new means to access information services by such customers, looking for pro - activity and services integration, in order to solve definitely real problems.
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The article presents and discusses issues such as informativeness, offering of directions and information retrieval, and also lists definitions of information and mediation. Based on the topics presented, the possible problems faced by information professionals are discussed while cultural mediators in the context of art museums.
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It discusses the philosophical proposal by Luciano Floridi for Library and Information Science (BCI) and the response of information theorists to the proposal. The article points out the courage of the young Italian philosopher - from the computational field - who breaks the hegemony of epistemology as foundation for BCI. However, it takes distance from the philosophy of information in favor of a philosophy of Information Science, in which the creation of concepts, in Deleuze and Guattari's inspiration, is mandatory. In this sense, the article presents two philosophical concepts for the area of knowledge organization, such as: minor documentary language and descriptive classification by affects. These same concepts consider all elements of the philosophical concept: the problem the concept refers to; the components of the concept, the neighborhood and its boundaries and, most importantly, the becoming of the philosophical concept on scientific or artistic practices.
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The information and communication technologies, to suggest new ways of production circulation and reception of symbolic products, contributing together with the aesthetic discussion related to post-modernity to make the current cultural scene becoming increasingly complex. Multiple layers of information are added to the cultural products, signalling the formation of a new type of knowledge necessary for the critical and understanding of the works. The article reflects on this process, focusing on cultural information present on the Internet.
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This work is an approach to some problems and challenges to a contemporary social construction of knowledge from some paradoxes generated around the concepts of knowledge, information, culture and information society. The article proposes to think over problems about a common sense concept which is that the technologies would automatically release the man from repetitive work and would allow the access to information and knowledge. In this sense, it points out to the importance of cultural mediation and information activities in the field of Information Science.
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This paper approaches the meaning of school library through a multidisciplinary perspective including the Information Science, the French Discourse Analysis and Education. It aims to understand how the imaginary about this institution is constructed, in the area of Information Science, and to reflect on how this symbol is influenced by the social, historical and ideological conditions of discourse production and by memory. To develop these questions, first of all, it accomplishes a brief review of the literature concerning the French Discourse Analysis; then it analyzes discourses about the school library in nineteen scientific documents ( articles and works presented at scientific events), and also the different meanings of this information unit, its objectives and its ways of constituting the social imaginary. It is concluded that the information professionals could and should collaborate to the spreading of new practices and meaning in the school library.