Etiologia, perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos e aspectos epidemiológicos na otite canina: estudo retrospectivo de 616 casos

A retrospective study of etiology, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and multiple drug resistance, and major epidemiological aspects were investigated in 616 cases of canine otitis. Staphylococcus beta hemolitic (26.27%), Malassezia pachydermatis (12.35%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.8%) were the most common microorganisms identified. The isolates were susceptible mainly to norfloxacin (89.62%), gentamicin (83.25%), and ofloxacin (80.16%). High occurrence of resistance of isolates was observed to neomicin (30.84%) and cephalexin (27.63%). Multiple drug resistance to three or more and five or more of antimicrobials tested was observed in 34.9% and 15.5% of isolates, respectively. The cases of canine otitis occurred predominantly in first years of age, in mixed breeds animals, at autumn season. The presence of itch, bad smell, and secretion in ear conduct were the major signs observed at clinical examination.

Genetic group x ambient temperature interaction effects on physiological responses and growth performance of rabbits

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Induction of luteolysis in mares utilizing a micro-dose of prostaglandin F-2 alpha in the sacral lumbar space

An experiment was conducted to examine the luteolytic effectiveness of using low or micro doses of PGF(2 alpha) when administered at the (BAI HUI) acupuncture point, which is frequently used to treat ovarian disturbances in Veterinary Acupuncture. The results indicate that PGF(2 alpha) given at a very low micro dose of 0.5mg (one tenth the conventional recommended dose) when administered at the BAI HUI acupuncture point located at the sacral lumbar space is equally effective at inducing luteolysis in mid-luteal phase mares as conventional PGF(2 alpha) i.m. treatment using a tenfold higher dose. Therefore, based on the results of the present study we suggest that the BAI HUI sacral lumbar route somehow provides an extremely efficient pathway for the drug to the ovarian level.

Alternative low doses and routes of administering a prostaglandin F2 alpha analogue to induce luteolysis in Nelore cows

The present study was conducted in order to verify the efficacy of lower doses and alternative routes of a prostaglandin F2 alpha analogue, luprostiol (PGF), for the induction of luteolysis and the precipitation of estrus in nonlactating Nelore cows (Bos taurus indicus). A conventional dose (15 mg) of PGF was compared to doses lower than the conventional dose, which ranges from 10 to 50%, that were administered intramuscularly (IM), intravulvosubmucosally (IVSM), or in the Bai-hui acupuncture site located within the lumbosacral area. The cows were administered PGF 8 day after estrus in the presence of a corpus luteum, and randomly assigned to the following groups: G1 (positive control), 15 mg, IM (n = 23); G2, 7.5 mg, IM (n = 23); G3, 3.75 mg, I M (n = 24); G4, 7.5 mg, IVSM (n = 25); G5, 3.75 mg, Bai-hui acupoint (n = 24); and G6, 1.5 mg, Bai-hui acupoint (n = 25). The results indicated that 50% of a conventional dose of PGF (7.5 mg) resulted in a complete luteal regression (plasma progesterone < 1 ng/ml) at Hour 48, and hastened estrus, regardless of whether or not PGF was administered IM or IVSM. Comparatively, 10 or 25% of the conventional dose, even when administered to the Bai-hui acupoint, resulted in an initial reduction in the concentration of progesterone at Hour 24, followed by an increase observed at Hour 48. In conclusion, 25% of a conventional PGF dose administered via the Bai-hui acupoint proved inadequate to induce a complete luteal regression, whereas 50% of a conventional dose administered IM or IVSM was found to be the minimal dose required to induce effectively a complete luteal regression, and to precipitate the onset of estrus in nonlactating Nelore cows.

Nutritional characteristics and in vitro digestibility of silages from different corn cultivars harvested at two cutting heights

Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar as características nutricionais e a digestibilidade in vitro de silagens de diferentes cultivares de milho colhidas em duas alturas de corte. Foram avaliadas 11 cultivares (Dina 766, Dina 657, Dina 1000, P 3021, P 3041, C 805, C 333, AG 5011, FO 01, Dina co 9621 e BR 205) colhidas 5 cm acima do solo (baixa) e 5 cm abaixo da inserção da primeira espiga (alta). O experimento foi delineado em blocos casualizados (três blocos), arranjados em esquema fatorial 11 × 2. As silagens das plantas colhidas na altura de corte alta apresentaram teor médio de matéria seca significativamente superior às silagens das plantas colhidas na altura de corte baixa. As cultivares FO 01, AG 5011, Dina co 9621 e Dina 766 apresentaram maior teor de proteína bruta, que as cultivares C 805, P 3041 e P 3021, as quais apresentaram os menores teores deste nutriente. A elevação da altura de corte aumentou os coeficientes de digestibilidade verdadeira in vitro da matéria seca e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca das silagens avaliadas. O aumento da altura de corte melhorou o valor nutritivo das silagens, diminuindo as concentrações das frações fibrosas e aumentando a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca.

Bromatological evaluation of eleven corn cultivars harvested at two cutting heights

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and dry matter in vitro digestibility of stem, leaf, straw, cob and kernel fractions of eleven corn (Zea mays) cultivars, harvested at two cutting heights. The experiment was designed as randomized blocks, with three replicates, in a 2 × 11 factorial arrangement (eleven cultivars and two cutting heights). The corn cultivars evaluated were D 766, D 657, D 1000, P 3021, P 3041, C 805, C 333, AG 5011, FOR 01, CO 9621 and BR 205, harvested at a low cutting height (5 cm above ground) and a high cutting height (5 cm below the first ear insertion). Cutting height influenced the dry matter content of the stem fraction, which was lower (23.95%) in plants harvested at the low, than in plants harvested at the high cutting height (26.28%). The kernel fraction had the highest dry matter in vitro digestibility (85.13%), while cultivars did not differ between each other. Cob and straw were the fractions with the highest level of neutral detergent fiber (80.74 and 79.77%, respectively) and the lowest level of crude protein (3.84% and 3.69%, respectively). The leaf fraction had the highest crude protein content, both for plants of low and high cuttings (15.55% and 16.20%, respectively). The increase in the plant cutting height enhanced the dry matter content and dry matter in vitro digestibility of stem fraction, but did not affect the DM content of the leaf fraction.

Aspectos morfológicos da bulla tympanica de cães após osteotomia restrita ventral e lateral

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os aspectos morfológicos da bulla tympanica após osteotomia ventral e lateral. Quarenta cães adultos foram distribuídos em dois grupos de 20 animais cada. No grupo A , os animais foram submetidos a osteotomia ventral da bulla tympanica e no grupo B, a osteotomia lateral da bulla tympanica. Cada grupo foi constituído de 2 subgrupos, de acordo com o período de observação: A1 e B1 (6 semanas), A2 e B2 (12 semanas). No exame macroscópico constatou-se que a concavidade de todas as bullae tympanicae operadas era semelhante às normais. Os estudos histológicos mostraram que a regeneração completa da bulla tympanica ocorreu em apenas alguns animais de cada subgrupo. A presença de tecido conjuntivo na área de osteotomia foi verificada na maioria das bullae tympanicae operadas, resultado estatisticamente significante. A análise histológica e a histomorfometria computadorizada não mostraram diferença significante quanto ao estágio de regeneração óssea em todos os subgrupos. Concluiu-se que uma área de ostetomia restrita não causou alterações significantes na conformação da bulla tympanica de cães submetida a osteotomia ventral ou lateral; e que a regeneração total da bulla tympanica geralmente não ocorreu antes de 12 semanas de pós-operatório.

Unilateral Facial Paralysis Caused by Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

The Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a rare disease caused by an infection of the geniculate ganglion by the varicella-zoster virus. The main clinical features of the syndrome are as follows: Bell palsy unilateral or bilateral, vesicular eruptions on the ears, ear pain, dizziness, preauricular swelling, tingling, tearing, loss of taste sensation, and nystagmus. We describe a 23-year-old white woman, who presented with facial paralysis on the left side of the face, pain, fever, ear pain, and swelling in the neck and auricular region on the left side. She received appropriate treatment with acyclovir, vitamin B complex, and CMP nucleus. After 30 days after presentation, the patient did not show any signs or symptoms of the syndrome. At follow-up at 1 year, she showed no relapse of the syndrome.

A case of Zimmermann-Laband syndrome with supernumerary teeth

Background: Zimmermann-Laband syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by gingival fibromatosis, ear, nose, bone, and nail defects, and hepatosplenomegaly.Methods: This case report describes the clinical presentation and periodontal findings in a 13-year-old female patient with previously undiagnosed Zimmermann-Laband syndrome.Results: Clinical and radiographic findings and genetic counseling confirmed the diagnosis of Zimmermann-Laband syndrome. The most striking oral findings were the presence of gingival enlargement involving both the maxillary and mandibular arches, anterior open bite, non-erupted teeth, and two supernumerary teeth. Periodontal treatment consisted of gingivectomy in four quadrants. Histopathologic evaluation of excised tissue supported the diagnosis of gingival fibromatosis. The patient was referred for appropriate orthodontic treatment and genetic counseling, and has been closely followed for the earliest signs of hepatosplenomegaly.Conclusions: Dental practitioners should be alert for developmental abnormalities that may occur in patients with gingival fibromatosis as this may indicate the presence of a rare disorder like Zimmermann-Laband syndrome. A comprehensive medical history and physical systemic evaluation are essential for correct diagnosis and treatment of these cases.

The use of bone scintigraphy to detect active Hansen's disease in mutilated patients

Mutilation of extremities was very frequent in patients affected by leprosy in the past; although it is now much less common, it is still seen, mainly in patients with long-term disease. In general, mutilation of the nose and ears is caused by the bacillus and mutilation of the hands and feet a consequence of chronic trauma. Leprosy must be chronically treated and any decision to interrupt therapy is based on laboratory tests and biopsy. Scintigraphy is a non-invasive procedure which could be of great value in to determining disease activity. We studied eight patients (five males and three females, aged 64-73 years) who presented with mutilation of the nose (2), ear (1), feet (3) or foot and hand (2), Conventional three-phase bone scintigraphy (750 MBq) and X-ray examinations of the affected areas were performed in all patients. Bone scintigraphy was abnormal in four patients (the presence of bacilli was confirmed by biopsy in two of them), and normal in the other four. In all patients except for the one with ear mutilation, radiography only showed the absence of bone. We conclude that bone scintigraphy is very useful to determine disease activity in cases of mutilation caused by leprosy. It seems to be superior to conventional radiography and may enable bone biopsies to be avoided.

Smith-Magenis syndrome: clinical evaluation in seven Brazilian patients

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Hepatozoon canis infection associated with dog ticks of rural areas of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Hepatozoon canis is a tick-borne protozoan that infects dogs and has been reported throughout the world. Manifestation of H. canis infection varies from being sub-clinical in apparently healthy dogs to severe illness. The main vector of the infection is the dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus although other species may also transmit this agent. H. canis has been reported previously in Brazil, but mostly as an occasional finding during laboratory exams and always associated with other diseases. The prevalence of H. canis in dogs of rural areas of Brazil has been little studied. For this study, 250 dogs from seven counties of Rio de Janeiro state were examined. All the dogs were from rural areas, near forest. of the dogs examined, 26 dogs were from Seropedica, 82 from Itaguai, 41 from Paracambi, 26 from Mangaratiba, 32 from Barra do Pirai, 32 from Pirai and 11 from Miguel Pereira. Blood smears from the peripheral blood of the ear were taken and ticks found on the dogs were collected for identification in the laboratory. Using blood smear evaluation, H. canis was identified in 39.2% of the animals examined. Other hemoparasites identified were Babesia canis (5.2%) and Ehrlichia canis (4.8%). Four tick species were found parasitizing the dogs: Amblyomma cajennense (23.6%), R. sanguineus (12.4%), Amblyomma aureolatum (2.8%) and Amblyomma ovale (2.0%). There was a positive correlation between the presence of A. cajennense and H. canis infection. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Densidade e tamanho populacional de primatas em um fragmento florestal no sudeste do Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Variabilidade genética e endogamia em duas populações de milho (zea mays) contrastantes para o teor de óleo

Com o objetivo de se avaliar os efeitos da seleção para maior tamanho do embrião, visando o aumento da porcentagem de óleo e suas interrelações com a produtividade de grãos, estimaram-se os parâmetros genéticos e os efeitos de uma geração de autofecundação, em progênies de meios irmãos e S1 de uma mesma planta S0, de duas populações de milho derivadas do Composto Flint. As progênies foram avaliadas separadamente para cada população, através do delineamento experimental em látices planta do em faixas. As médias das progênies de meios irmãos e S1 para porcentagem de óleo, foram respectivamente 5,31% e 5,19% para a população 01, e 6,21% e 5,63% para a população 02. Para peso de espigas na população 01, as médias foram 4,68 e 2,91, e para a população 02 foram iguais a 4,05 e 2,77 kg/m². Embora as médias das progênies S1 fossem sempre inferiores às médias das progênies de meios irmãos, a análise através do teste F não permitiu, ao nível de 5% de probabilidade, se destectar os efeitos da depressão por endogamia na média das características avaliadas, exceto para porcentagem de óleo na população 02. As estimativas das variâncias genéticas entre progênies S1 foram superiores as estimativas das variâncias entre progênies de meios irmãos com exceção da característica peso de espigas despalhadas na população 01 e da característica altura da espiga na população 02. As estimativas da herdabilidade e dos coeficientes de variação genética foram inferiores aos resultados descritos na literatura para a característica porcentagem de óleo nos grãos para as duas populações utilizadas. A população 01 apresentou estimativa da herdabilidade para peso de espigas despalhadas considerada alta 76,76%, enquanto que esta estimativa na população 02, foi considerada baixa 15,76%. Os coeficientes de correlação genética aditiva entre as características peso de espigas e porcentagem de óleo foram de -0,37 e 0,12 para as populações 01 e 02, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que a seleção efetuada na população 02, para aumento do tamanho do embrião, foi efetiva para elevar a porcentagem média de óleo e também para quebrar a correlação genética negativa entre as características de peso de espiga e teor de óleo, porém restringiu drasticamente a variavilidade para essa característica.

Amplificação por condução óssea em malformações congênitas: benefício e satisfação

A deficiência auditiva é um dos achados clínicos mais comuns em sujeitos com malformações de orelha. O tratamento consiste em realizar a cirurgia e/ou adaptar o aparelho de amplificação sonora por via óssea (AASI VO). A intervenção precoce é fundamental para favorecer a estimulação auditiva e desenvolvimento da fala e linguagem. OBJETIVO: Caracterizar o perfil audiológico de sujeitos com malformação congênita de orelha externa e/ou média e avaliar o benefício e a satisfação destes com o uso de AASI VO. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo, sujeitos com malformações congênitas bilaterais de orelha externa e/ou média, deficiência auditiva condutiva ou mista, moderada ou grave e usuários de AASI VO. Avaliação do benefício utilizando teste de reconhecimento de sentenças com ruído competitivo e medidas de ganho funcional e avaliação da satisfação utilizando questionário internacional QI - AASI. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 13 sujeitos, sendo 61% do sexo masculino e 80% com deficiência auditiva condutiva moderada ou grave. Houve melhor desempenho na avaliação proposta na condição com AASI, quando comparada à condição sem AASI. CONCLUSÃO: Os AASI VO retroauriculares apresentaram vantagens para a população estudada e devem ser considerados como uma opção para intervenção. A satisfação foi confirmada pelos escores elevados obtidos no QI - AASI.