Lanthanide ion induced formation of stripes domain structure in phospholipid Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer film observed by atomic force microscopy

Long-range ordered stripes domain structures were observed in Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer film which was spread on the subphase of lanthanide ion (Eu3+) solution and transferred to a freshly cleaved mica substrate by vertical deposition. This novel phenomenon was discussed in terms of the competitive interaction of dipole-dipole and electrostatic interactions of the DPPC molecules combined with lanthanide ions with those DPPC molecules free of lanthanide ions.

渗透汽化法分离二氧六环－水混合物

研究了二氧六环一水混合物在ＰＶＡ（聚乙烯酸）－ＰＡＮ（聚丙烯腈）复合膜中的渗透汽化分离性能。结果表明透过速率Ｑ和分离系数α均随料液温度的提高而增大。α随料液中二氧六环浓度的提高而增大，Ｑ的变化趋势相反．有代表性的数据是在９０℃对９５％的二氧六环水溶液，α可达１９８１，Ｑ＝７３．８ｇ／ｍ２·ｈ．在低浓度二氧六环溶液时扩散过程对选择性起主要作用。而高浓度时溶解选择性是主要的，随着分离温度的提高，扩散或溶解均提高了选择性。

中性氧化铝用于碳-60、碳-70柱分离的探讨

自90年实现实验室合成C_(60)/C_(70)以来,碳原子簇化学引起世界各国科学家的广泛兴趣,纷纷开展与其相关的各项研究。由电阻加热法、电孤法产生的烟灰经过甲苯(或苯)抽提便可得到C_(60)/C_(70)混合溶液,但其大量分离却很困难。Hawkins等用苯基甘氨酸做基底的HPLC方法和Jinno等用多取代苯基修饰的二氧化硅作固

SYNTHESES OF METHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL DERIVATIVES OF LANTHANIDES (LN = LA-ND) AND CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES OF [(THF)2LI(MU-CL)2]2[MECPND(THF)] AND [LI(DME)3][MECPLA(NPH2)3]

The reaction of LnCl3.2LiCl with 1 equiv of MeCpNa in THF gives the complexes [(THF)2Li(mu-Cl)2]2[MeCpLn(THF)] (Ln = Nd (1), La (2)) in good yield. These precursors react further with 2 equiv of LiNPh2 to produce the new complexes [Li(DME)3][MeCpLn(NPh2)3] (Ln = La (3), Pr (4), Nd (5)). They have been characterized by elemental analyses and IR and NMR spectra, as well as by structural analyses of 1 and 3. The chloride 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n (No. 14) with a = 12.130 (5) angstrom, b = 17.343 (5) angstrom, c = 17.016 (5) angstrom, beta = 108.54 (3)-degrees, V = 3393.87 angstrom3, Z = 4, and D(c) = 1.45 g/cm3. Least-squares refinement led to a final R value of 0.051 (I greater-than-or-equal-to 3-sigma(I(o))) for 2004 independent reflections. Complex 3 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c (No. 14) with a = 18.335 (6) angstrom, b = 16.576 (5) angstrom, c = 17.461 (6) angstrom, beta = 96.04 (3)-degrees, V = 5277.17 angstrom3, D(c) = 1.26 g/cm3, Z = 4, and R = 0.057 (I greater-than-or-equal-to 2.5-sigma(I(o))) for 3378 reflections. The structure of 3 consists of discrete ion pairs [Li(DME)3]+ and [MeCpLa(NPh2)3]- with average La-N and La-C(ring) distances of 2.459 (8) and 2.84 (1) angstrom, respectively.

常温气敏元件的研究及其应用

气敏元件不但在煤炭、石油、化工、电力等工业部门有着广泛应用,而且在民用上也日趋增加,如宾馆、饭店、家庭等。但是,目前应用的气敏元件基本上都是加热元件,常温元件很少有报道。常温元件与加热元件比,它的突出特点是不需要加热,因此带来一系列优点,如工艺结构简单、功耗低、成本低、灵敏、稳定、安装使用方便、减少引起火灾的不安全因素等。

苯基稀土氯化物的合成及其表征

1970年,Hart等首先合成了Sc(C_6H_5)_3、Y(C_6H_5)_3、LiLa(C_6H_5)_4和LiPr(C_6H_5)_4。1972年,Cotton等测定了[Lu(2,6-(CH_3)_2C_6H_3)_4]·[Li·4THF]的晶体结构。1986年,陈文启等人合成了Nd(C_6H_5)_3,Gd(C_6H_5)_3和LiNd(C_6H_5)_4。本文首次合成了苯基稀土氯化物C_6H_5LnCl_2·nTHF(Ln=Pr,Sm,Gd,n=3,4);C_6H_5LnCl_2·LiCl·nTHF(Ln=Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd,n=2、3、5);(C_6H_5)_2GdCl·LiCl·2THF;[(C_6H_5)_2NdCl]_2·LiCl·4THF。测定了C_6H_5GdCl_2·4THF的晶体结构。

影响Cu-Co合成醇催化剂活性因素的研究

C_2—C_5醇的生成主要与钴组分有关,而铜能显著增加钴的活性,且有利于抑制烃的生成。还原形成的金属钴晶体形态因添加铜而发生了改变。XPS方法表明催化剂在活性状态时,铜和钴之间可能存在电子转移。在影响催化剂活性稳定性方面,结构因素有着重要影响。

二价钇配位化合物的ESCA的表征

本文用钇的3P_(1/2)和3P(3/2)的间距及3P能级的半高宽(FWHM)的变化以及￥4s能级的多重分裂确定了新合成的有机金属化合物的价态。在铝靶上,利用轫致辐射诱导的俄歇谱,对高动能的YL_3M_(45)M_(45)峰(大约1737eV)进行了研究,进一步验证了钇的价态。这与X射线衍射的结果相互补充。

FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES ON THE DYE MIXTURE SYSTEM C440/C540/Saf.-T

The fluorescence spectra and lifetimes of the ternary due mixture C440/C540/Saf. -T were studies. Experimental results indicated that there are efficient energy transfer among these three components of the dye system. Consequently this system may he expected to be a potemtial eandidate of laser dye giving out output in three different wavelength regions. From. the relation of donor fluorescence lifetime as a function of aceeptor concentration and the relation of accepter fluorescence intensity as a funotion...

铕和铽与3,4-呋喃二甲酸双核配合物的合成、表征及其晶体结构

本文首次合成了铕(Ⅲ)和铽(Ⅲ)与3,4-呋喃二甲酸配合物,研究了它们的IR、DTA、TG、DTG和荧光光谱等性质,并完成了单晶的晶体分析。结果表明,配合物为〔Ln·HL_2(H_2O)_2〕_2·2H_2O(Ln=Eu(Ⅲ),Tb(Ⅲ);H_2L=3,4-呋喃二甲酸),属单斜晶系,P2/c空间群,Z=2,晶胞参数对铕和铽配合物分别为α=10.842(1),10.801(4);b=8.725(2),8.664(2);c=16.366(4),16.308(6)A;β=93.50(1),93.67(3)°;V=1545.3(5),1523.0(8)A~3。

C440/C540/Saf-T三元混合染料体系的荧光光谱研究

选择适当的混合染料溶液作为染料激光器的工作物质,近年来,已有一些文献报导,但大都局限于二元混合染料体系。对于三元混合染料体系国外也曾有过少量报导,诸如C102/R110/RB,C102/RB/CV,C2/C6/R6G,R6G/CV/NB等。或多或少地得到了三个波长

Molecular cloning and characterisation of a pattern recognition protein, lipopolysaccharide and beta-1,3-glucan binding protein (LGBP) from Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

A pattern recognition protein (PRP), lipopolysaccharide and beta-1,3-glucan binding protein (LGBP) cDNA was cloned from the haemocyte of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis by the techniques of homology cloning and RACE. Analysis of nucleotide sequence revealed that the full-length cDNA of 1,275 bp has an open reading frame of 1,098 bp encoding a protein of 366 amino acids including a 17 amino acid signal peptide. Sequence comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of F. chinensis LGBP showed a high identity of 94%, 90%, 87%, 72% and 63% with Penaeus monodon BGBP, Litopenaeus stylirostris LGBP, Marsupenaeu japonicus BGBP, Homarus gammarus BGBP and Pacifastacus leniusculus LGBP, respectively. The calculated molecular mass of the mature protein is 39,857 Da with a deduced pI of 4.39. Two putative integrin binding motifs, RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) and a potential recognition motif for beta-1,3-linkage of polysaccharides were observed in LGBP sequence. RT-PCR analysis showed that LGBP gene expresses in haemocyte and hepatopancreas only, but not in other tissues. Capillary electrophoresis RT-PCR method was used to quantify the variation of mRNA transcription level during artificial infection with heat-killed Vibrio anguillarum and Staphylococcus aureusin. A significant enhancement of LGBP transcription was appeared at 6 h post-injection in response to bacterial infection. These results have provided useful information to understand the function of LGBP in shrimp.

Influence of mean water depth and a subsurface sandbar on the onset and strength of wave breaking

Wave breaking in the open ocean and coastal zones remains an intriguing yet incompletely understood process, with a strong observed association with wave groups. Recent numerical study of the evolution of fully nonlinear, two-dimensional deep water wave groups identified a robust threshold of a diagnostic growth-rate parameter that separated nonlinear wave groups that evolved to breaking from those that evolved with recurrence. This paper investigates whether these deep water wave-breaking results apply more generally, particularly in finite-water-depth conditions. For unforced nonlinear wave groups in intermediate water depths over a flat bottom, it was found that the upper bound of the diagnostic growth-rate threshold parameter established for deep water wave groups is also applicable in intermediate water depths, given by k(0) h greater than or equal to 2, where k(0) is the mean carrier wavenumber and h is the mean depth. For breaking onset over an idealized circular arc sandbar located on an otherwise flat, intermediate-depth (k(0) h greater than or equal to 2) environment, the deep water breaking diagnostic growth rate was found to be applicable provided that the height of the sandbar is less than one-quarter of the ambient mean water depth. Thus, for this range of intermediate-depth conditions, these two classes of bottom topography modify only marginally the diagnostic growth rate found for deep water waves. However, when intermediate-depth wave groups ( k(0) h greater than or equal to 2) shoal over a sandbar whose height exceeds one-half of the ambient water depth, the waves can steepen significantly without breaking. In such cases, the breaking threshold level and the maximum of the diagnostic growth rate increase systematically with the height of the sandbar. Also, the dimensions and position of the sandbar influenced the evolution and breaking threshold of wave groups. For sufficiently high sandbars, the effects of bottom topography can induce additional nonlinearity into the wave field geometry and associated dynamics that modifies the otherwise robust deep water breaking-threshold results.

褐牙鲆和夏牙鲆杂交的遗传学研究

在进行褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)和夏牙鲆(P. dentatus)的杂交及回交的基础上，利用染色体计数、AFLP、线粒体DNA和核基因部分序列等分析方法对褐牙鲆和夏牙鲆正反交和回交子代进行遗传学研究，探讨了褐牙鲆和夏牙鲆正反交不对称的遗传学基础及其生殖隔离现象，主要结果如下： 1. 褐牙鲆和夏牙鲆正反交的活力是不对称的，褐牙鲆♀×夏牙鲆♂的正交杂种活力正常，能够正常存活、生长和发育，而反交夏牙鲆♀×褐牙鲆♂的杂种体态畸形，孵出后不久死亡。染色体计数发现正交个体的染色体核型与父母本一致，均为48条端部着丝粒染色体；而反交杂种比亲本缺失了两条染色体，仅为46条端部着丝粒染色体，这表明反交杂种为非整倍体。进一步利用AFLP方法对遗传物质从亲本到子代的传递进行了分析，结果显示正反交遗传物质的传承方式存在很大差异。几乎所有亲本的AFLP位点(97.71%)均传递到正交子代。然而，仅有86.64%的AFLP位点从亲本传递到反交子代，反交子代中亲本位点的丢失比例显著高于正交子代和亲本种内交配子代的比例 ( P < 0.05)，这可能与反交杂种染色体丢失有关。进一步分析发现，杂交组中的偏分离标记高于对照组，尽管经2检验发现其差异并不显著 (P > 0.05)。 2. 对于可以成活的正交杂种进行培育达到性成熟后，利用褐牙鲆和夏牙鲆的精液分别与雌性杂交鲆的卵子进行母本回交实验。通过统计受精率、孵化率及杂交适合度值（CFM，受精率和孵化率相乘获得的结果）评估褐牙鲆和夏牙鲆的杂交可适度，结果表明正交及各回交组中的CFM值均显著低于褐牙鲆自交(P < 0.05)。同时，利用AFLP对回交子代基因组的变化进行了分析，发现回交中不仅存在亲本位点的丢失(褐牙鲆回交子代-回交1, 3.96%; 夏牙鲆回交子代-回交2, 6.03%)的现象，也存在非亲位点(回交1, 5.63%; 回交2, 3.28%)的现象。而且，两回交组合分别有27.40%和31.18%的AFLP标记偏离孟德尔遗传。 3. 利用线粒体DNA 16S rDNA、COⅠ基因及核基因rag1的部分序列对正反交及回交子代的线粒体及核DNA的传承进行分析，发现正反交子代的16S rDNA和线粒体DNA片段的同源性和母本一致，各回交组中16S rDNA和COⅠ基因片段与褐牙鲆的同源性较高 (98%)，这表明褐牙鲆和夏牙鲆杂交及回交遵循母性遗传规律。但在回交子代中发现16S rDNA和COⅠ基因具有多种单倍型。褐牙鲆和夏牙鲆的rag1基因具有高度的保守性，但在正交子代中发现rag1多种单倍型。 4. 进一步利用线粒体DNA的16S rDNA、COⅠ基因的部分序列对8种重要海水养殖鱼类的系统进化分析，计算了其种间的遗传距离。根据这几种鲆鲽鱼的杂交是否可行的试验结果，评价种间遗传距离与杂交可适度的关系，结果表明，这8种鲆鲽鱼类的种间遗传距离与杂交可适度呈显著的负相关 (r2 = 0.805，P < 0.01)，即种间遗传分化越大，杂交成功的可能性越小，这表明鲆鲽鱼类中可能存在物种进化的不亲和钟 (Incompatibility clock)。

评价水产动物生长性能的生理生化指标和分子生物学指标

以奥利亚罗非鱼(Oreochromis aureus)为实验对象，设计了3种不同的摄食类型，分别是鲜活饵料组、饥饿3周后饱食投喂组和人工饲料组。鲜活饵料组投喂冰冻赤子爱胜蚓，利用蚯蚓体内丰富的营养成分和活性物质，以期获得奥利亚罗非鱼良好的生长状况；饥饿后饱食组是指饥饿3周后，以人工饲料饱食投喂2周，用于研究饥饿与补偿生长获得快速生长时血液理化指标的变化情况；人工饲料组作为对照组。纯淡水条件下养殖，水温25±2℃。测定了奥利亚罗非鱼在3种摄食类型饲喂下某些血液生理生化指标变化的情况，并将指标变化情况与增重率做相关性分析，试图找出能够反映奥利亚罗非鱼生长性能的血液生理生化指标。 研究结果表明，奥利亚罗非鱼在饥饿3周后获得了补偿生长，补偿生长时的增重率和特定生长率显著高于人工饲料组(P<0.05)，高于鲜活饵料组，但差别不显著；相关性分析研究表明血清总蛋白、胆固醇、四碘甲状腺原氨酸（T4）与增重率极显著相关(P<0.01)，血红蛋白显著相关(P<0.05)，红细胞、白细胞、碱性磷酸酶高度相关(相关系数为0.580、0.551和0.557)，因此，建议血清总蛋白、胆固醇和血红蛋白可作为能够反映罗非鱼生长性能的新指标。 根据序列设计引物，PCR反应条件：变性温度：95 ℃，3 min；退火温度：57℃，20 sec；延伸温度：72℃，5 min，共36个循环，从牙鲆、黑鲪和鲈鱼中克隆出胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-Ⅰ）部分序列，首次证实了IGF-Ⅰ在3种海水鱼中的存在。 利用蛋氨酸与ZnSO4•7H2O，在pH 5.5、80℃下，反应1小时，采用蛋氨酸与硫酸锌2：1的配料比，合成出了产物蛋氨酸螯合锌，蛋氨酸螯合锌外观白色，粉状，室温下微溶于水，不溶于乙醇，并用原子吸收光谱法测定其含锌量为15%，螯合率为88.2%。