Iowa Department of Elder Affairs Legislative Update, April 7, 2006, Vol. 2, no. 13

Iowa Department of Elder Affairs provides a brief summation of a Departmental program or other important Departmental information in each Legislative Update. The Legislative Update is produced for informational and educational purposes only.

Iowa Lottery Action, March 20-April 2, Vol. 13, no. 6

Iowa Lottery newsletter for retailers

Iowa Lottery Action, April 17-30, 2006, vol. 13, no. 8

Iowa Lottery newsletter for Lottery retailers.

Iowa Lottery Action, March 6-19, 2006, vol. 13, no. 5

Iowa Lottery newsletter for Lottery retailers.

Iowa Lottery Action, June 5-18, 2006, Vol. 13, no. 11

Iowa Lottery newsletter for Lottery retailers.

Iowa Lottery Action, June 19-July 9, 2006, Vol. 13, no. 12

Iowa Lottery newsletter for Lottery retailers.

Adaptação transcultural do Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 (VES-13): contribuindo para a identificação de idosos vulneráveis

Para a utilização do VES-13 instrumento que identifica idosos vulneráveis foi realizada sua adaptação transcultural, processo que visa à equivalência entre o instrumento original e sua versão em outra cultura. A avaliação da equivalência semântica, idiomática cultural e conceitual obteve uma média geral de concordância de 78%, 78%, 97% e 94%, respectivamente. Para verificar a concordância no teste-reteste, utilizou-se o coeficiente Kappa de Cohen, onde a maioria das variáveis foram significantes. A análise de sua consistência interna foi verificada pelo uso do coeficiente alpha de Cronbach, onde 70% do fenômeno em estudo estão representados no instrumento. O VES-13, traduzido e adaptado, mostrou-se um instrumento confiável no que diz respeito à estabilidade e consistência interna de suas medidas. Sua estrutura simples e de fácil aplicabilidade pode, portanto, favorecer a identificação das pessoas idosas vulneráveis, contribuindo, assim, para a priorização do acompanhamento pelos serviços de saúde.

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In this paper, I reframe the long-standing controversy between 'psychological egoism', which argues that human beings never perform altruistic actions, and the opposing thesis of 'psychological altruism', which claims that human beings are, at least sometimes, capable of acting in an altruistic fashion. After a brief sketch of the controversy, I begin by presenting some representative arguments in favour of psychological altruism before showing that they can all be called into question by appealing to the idea of an unconscious self-directed motive. I will then point out that this argumentative strategy not only debunks the reasons for favouring psychological altruism, but also those for favouring psychological egoism; hence it is no use in settling the dispute between the two views. In the second part of the paper, I will try to break this deadlock by reframing the whole controversy, shifting it away from the concept of motive, towards the broader notion of motivation. As it turns out, this shift enables the debate to centre on altruistic emotions and their motivational power, thereby allowing evolutionary arguments to enter the debate and settle the dispute in favour of psychological altruism.

Desensitization and phosphorylation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor by GLP-1 and 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) stimulates glucose-induced insulin secretion by binding to a specific G protein-coupled receptor linked to activation of the adenylyl cyclase pathway. Here, using insulinoma cell lines, we studied homologous and heterologous desensitization of GLP-1-induced cAMP production. Preexposure of the cells to GLP-1 induced a decrease in GLP-1-mediated cAMP production, as assessed by a 3- to 5-fold rightward shift of the dose-response curve and an approximately 20 percent decrease in the maximal production of cAMP. Activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also induced desensitization of the GLP-1-mediated response, leading to a 6- to 9-fold shift in the EC50 and a 30% decrease in the maximal production of cAMP. Both forms of desensitization were additive, and the protein kinase C inhibitor RO-318220 inhibited PMA-induced desensitization, but not agonist-induced desensitization. GLP-1- and PMA-dependent desensitization correlated with receptor phosphorylation, and the levels of phosphorylation induced by the two agents were additive. Furthermore, PMA-induced, but not GLP-1-induced, phosphorylation was totally inhibited by RO-318220. Internalization of the GLP-1 receptor did not participate in the desensitization induced by PMA, as a mutant GLP-1 receptor lacking the last 20 amino acids of the cytoplasmic tail was found to be totally resistant to the internalization process, but was still desensitized after PMA preexposure. PMA and GLP-1 were not able to induce the phosphorylation of a receptor deletion mutant lacking the last 33 amino acids of the cytoplasmic tail, indicating that the phosphorylation sites were located within the deleted region. The cAMP production mediated by this deletion mutant was not desensitized by PMA and was only poorly desensitized by GLP-1. Together, our results indicate that the production of cAMP and, hence, the stimulation of insulin secretion induced by GLP-1 can be negatively modulated by homologous and heterologous desensitization, mechanisms that involve receptor phosphorylation.

Executive Order Number Thirty Six, Febraury 13, 1989

Iowa state government shall be models for developing and implementing comprehensive programs for waste reduction, recycling, and the use of recycled products.

Executive Order Number Thirty Seven, Febraury 13, 1989

State government shall be models for developing and implementing comprehensive programs for waste reduction, recycling, and the use of recycled products.

Smoked cannabis and doping control: looking for the wrong target analyte?

Introduction: Since 2004, cannabis is prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) for all sports in competition. In the years since then, about half of all positive doping cases in Switzerland have been related to cannabis consumption. In most cases, the athletes plausibly claim to have consumed cannabis several days or even weeks before competition and only for recreational purposes not related to competition. In doping analysis, the target analyte in urine samples is 11-nor-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol- 9-carboxylic acid (THC-COOH), the reporting threshold for laboratories is 15 ng/mL. However, the wide detection window of this long-term THC metabolite in urine does not allow a conclusion concerning the time of consumption or the impact on the physical performance. Aim: The purpose of the present pharmacokinetic study on volunteers was to evaluate target analytes with shorter urinary excretion time. Subsequently, urines from athletes tested positive for cannabis should be reanalyzed including these analytes. Methods: In an one-session clinical trial (approved by IRB, Swissmedic, and Federal Office of Public Health), 12 healthy, male volunteers (age 26 ± 3 yrs, BMI 24 ± 2 kg/m2) with cannabis experience (> once/month) smoked a Cannabis cigarette standardized to 70 mg THC/cigarette (Bedrobinol® 7%, Dutch Office for Medicinal Cannabis) following a paced-puffing procedure. Plasma and urine was collected up to 8 h and 11 days, respectively. Total THC, 11-hydroxy-THC (THC-OH), and THC-COOH were determined after enzymatic hydrolyzation followed by SPE and GC/MS-SIM. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for all analytes was 0.1 ng/mL. Visual analog scales (VAS) and vital functions were used for monitoring psychological and somatic side-effects at every timepoint of specimen collection (up to 480 min). Results: Eight puffs delivered a mean THC dose of 45 mg. Mean plasma levels of total THC, THC-OH and THC-COOH were measured in the range of 0.1-20.9, 0.1-1.8, and 1.8-7.5 ng/mL, respectively. Peak concentrations were observed at 5, 10, and 90 min. Mean urine levels were measured in the range of 0.1-0.7, 0.10-6.2, and 0.1-13.4 ng/mL, respectively. The detection windows were 2-8, 2-96, and 2-120 h. No or only mild effects were observed, such as dry mouth, sedation, and tachycardia. Besides high to very high THC-COOH levels (0-978 ng/mL), THC (0.1-24 ng/mL) and THC-OH (1-234 ng/mL) were found in 90 and 96% of the cannabis-positive urines from athletes. Conclusion: Instead of or in addition to THC-COOH, the pharmacologically active THC and THC-OH should be the target analytes for doping urine analysis. This would allow the estimation of more recent Cannabis consumption, probably influencing performance during competition. Keywords: cannabis, doping, clinical trial, plasma and urine levels, athlete's samples

Marseille. Collection de copies et de documents originaux concernant l'histoire de Marseille. Collection Mortreuil sur Marseille vol. 33 : Pièces originales I (13 janvier 1218-1324).

Le manuscrit est composé de différents documents originaux datant de 1217 à 1324. La date est signalée au crayon (XIXe s.)