Investment opportunity in aquarium technology. Export marketing of tropical aquarium fishes

A brief account is given of the demand for ornamental fish, providing also estimates of world trade volume. The major importing countries are the USA, Japan, Germany, the UK and the Netherlands. Present supply patterns are outlined; although Nigeria has vast natural resources of tropical aquatic life and the right climate for breeding, current exports are estimated at only 5% of the total potential. Recommendations for the promotion of exports of tropical aquarium fish in Nigeria are included

Un modelo normativo de marketing medioambiental estratégico orientado a la obtención de ventajas competitivas

XXXIV, 581 p.

An appraisal of the efficiency of fish marketing system in Lake Chad basin

Fish products from the Chad Basin Lake play important role in meeting fish protein needs of Nigeria: they contribute not less than 25% of the total domestic fish supply and are significant in determining the availability of processed products and reduction of post-harvest losses. Processors, marketers and consumers are the major actors in appraising a marketing system. The results show that most sellers (4-7.5%) are within the age range of 30-39 years. Desires for more earnings led the markets to diversify their business activities to food stuff trading (37.5%), dried meat/livestock sales (37.5%), farming (12.5%), and transportation (12.5%). 65% of traders dispose off their products mostly in the mornings and evenings, 70% of the products are sold smoked while 50% of products are sold to individual consumers. Lake Chad fish products have a long distribution chain. There is also a high degree of buyers and sellers concentration in the primary fish markets and secondary (urban) markets. The products have a vertical regional movement with southern traders (82.5%) dominating the business, thus making the products popular all over Nigeria. Product differentiation with imperfect pricing policy is common occurrence. Lake Chad fish marketing system has distortions that impede its efficiency, recommendations are made on how to ensure a better efficiency of the system

Marketing and distribution of fish from Lake Chad

This study provides information on fish quantities, economic data and flows of Doro fish market near Baga, Nigeria, known as the major fish market on the Nigeria section of the Lake Chad

The role of women in marketing of frozen fish in Lagos State of Nigeria

The involvement of women in the marketing of frozen fish in Lagos State (Nigeria) was examined in this study. Two hundred questionnaires were administered to fish marketers in five markets randomly selected within the Lagos metropolis based on their storage capacities. These markets were Balogun (500 tones), Idumagbo and Idumota (250 tonnes each) Obalende and Epetedo (37.5 tonnes each). From the study results, a greater percentage of women (64.2%) are actively involved in marketing of frozen fish in the study areas. Over 56% of these traders are retailers while about 33% are wholesalers. More than 91% of the marketers were found to be literate. A high percentage of the frozen fish are imported (68%), 27% from coastal fishing and 5% from riverine fishing. The commonest fish in the markets were titus (34%), sardine (32%), hake 19%, catfish 10% and argentine 5%. Catfish has the highest profit margin. The greatest problem of these traders is the lack of modern storage facilities and where available, the erratic power supply constitutes a problem

Marketing of fishing gear materials and fishing gear making in parts of Kainji Lake basin

The importance of fishing gear in fishing cannot be over-emphasized; as without it fish cannot be obtained. The method used to catch fish affects the condition in which the product is landed. This means that a bad-catching method would produced bad fish to the consumer. To achieve the goal of self-sufficiency in fish production in Nigeria, there is need to address the lingering problems of fishing gear and craft technology, especially in terms of availability of materials and their cost. The sale and making of fishing gear materials are two areas of fisheries, which are yet to be exploited by the general public as forms of businesses for livelihood. The study is conducted in villages around the lower part of Kainji Lake, towards the dam, including New Bussa. It reveals that only the fishermen themselves are involved in making their own fishing gears while those involved in the selling of fishing gear materials like the sheet netting, ropes, twines, floats, sinkers etc are business men and women who may not have any experience of fishing. Also considered in the study is the art of making fishing crafts like the canoe and gourd. Very few entrepreneurs are involved and they are so skilled that each is specialized in the making of only one kind of craft or gear

Desarrollo de una idea de negocio a partir de un hobby en el Grado en Marketing

Nivel educativo: Grado. Duración (en horas): Más de 50 horas

The role of women in fish processing: handling and marketing in Kainji Lake basin

The study assessed the contribution of women in fish handling, processing and marketing in Kainji Lake basin. Structured questionnaires were administered to three fishing villages selected at random. The fishing villages were Monai, Yuna, Fakun, and New Bussa market. The study revealed that women play vital roles in fisheries activities as producers, assistants to men preservers, traders and financiers. The notable fishing activity performed by women is processing right from the moment the boats or canoes land at sites. Women assist in emptying nets, sorting gutting and cleaning the catch. In most cases their activities involved salting smoking and drying using traditional processing techniques. Women are also involved in storage and marketing of both fresh and smoked fish. In spite of these important contribution, most women in the various fishing communities are illiterates, have little or no say in decision making in areas that affects their livelihood and are regarded as inferior fedex. Culture and religion also has significant impact on their contribution in fishing activities

Orientation-controllable self-organized microgratings induced in the bulk SrTiO3 crystal by a single femtosecond laser beam

Self-organized microgratings were induced in the bulk SrTiO3 crystal by readily scanning the laser focus in the direction perpendicular to the laser propagation axis. The groove orientations of those gratings could be controlled by changing the irradiation pulse number per unit scanning length, which could be implemented either through adjusting the scanning velocity at a fixed pulse repetition rate or through varying the pulse repetition rate at a fixed scanning velocity. This high-speed method for fabrication of microgratings will have many potential applications in the integration of micro-optical elements. The possible formation mechanism of the self-organized microgratings is also discussed. (C) 2007 Optical Society of America.

Reseña del libro: Marketing práctico para pequeños negocios. Una guía para todos

El libro que se presenta aborda la difícil misión de conjugar el marco conceptual de una disciplina académica como es el Marketing, con su importancia práctica para las pequeñas empresas y negocios como fundamento de su creación, y permanencia en el mercado. Resulta particularmente original e infrecuente, el enfoque que los autores nos trasladan en este libro, en el sentido de proponer una doble perspectiva a tener en cuenta cuando se escribe sobre Marketing, la teoría y la práctica, aspecto no siempre considerado por los libros publicados bajo esta temática. Bajo este enfoque, los autores destinan la primera parte del libro a exponer los conceptos y técnicas de Marketing con una visión rigurosa y asentada sobre los pilares que la investigación científica de esta disciplina académica viene desarrollando desde el pasado S.XX en el área de la economía de empresa. Exponen los elementos que la empresa debe considerar en su reflexión estratégica a largo plazo, y en los pilares del denominado Marketing operativo y la perspectiva táctica. Estas son las claves para que también los pequeños negocios desarrollen un Plan de Marketing como guía de sus actuaciones, que se expone en el último capítulo del libro. Desde el enfoque práctico que se ha dado a esta publicación, hay que destacar que cada capítulo finaliza con un apartado destinado a cuestiones y preguntas para reflexionar sobre los conceptos expuestos. En una disciplina de estas características, tan importante como tener en cuenta un riguroso marco teórico, es necesario explicitar la forma de poder transitar a la realidad particular de cada negocio, y así, adaptar esta técnica de gestión empresarial a nuestro contexto. Los autores han logrado con mucho éxito esta simbiosis, que es fruto de su larga experiencia como profesores e investigadores del Área de Comercialización e Investigación de mercados de la Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea.

Cambio social y marketing: análisis de grupos sociales emergentes

Este trabajo trata sobre la evolución de factores como la demografía, la cultura, la tecnología y la economía y sus consecuencias en las diferentes sociedades. Los grupos sociales que se acaban creando debido a estos cambios y las estrategias de marketing que tienen que llevar acabo las empresas para adaptarse a estos nuevos grupos sociales. Idioma: castellano.

Comparación de las políticas de marketing aplicadas por la misma empresa en países y análisis de las causas de las diferencias: el caso de Coca Cola

El trabajo consiste en analizar el Marketing Mix (4P’s) de Coca-Cola y comparar sus políticas en otros países. La primera política analizada es el producto, que comienza hablando del envase y sus diferentes tipos. Se ha diferenciado la lata y el idioma, ya que son las partes más características. Por otro lado, se ha analizado el sabor. Se han escogido tres productos y analizado las diferencias que poseen entre sí en distintos países. La distribución se ha separado en 5 puntos. Primero, la distribución en España y los cambios que ha sufrido en los últimos años, así como las consecuencias de estos. El segundo, la distribución en Argentina, seguido de EEUU y China así como, algunos casos excepcionales en el resto del mundo, que tienen una metodología muy particular y característica en la forma de distribución. En cuanto al precio, se ha van a analizar los factores que se estudian a la hora de imponer el precio tales como el PIB y cuáles son los aspectos más relevantes en la toma de decisiones. Y por último la comunicación, donde se muestran diferentes ejemplos a lo largo de toda la vida de Coca-Cola donde se ha visto presente la marca.

Comparison of marketing policies applied by the same company in different countries and analysis of the reasons for the differences

The focus of this project is going to be, as the title indicates, on the comparison of marketing policies applied by the same company in different countries and analysis of the reasons for the differences. In order to do that, I have selected the company Nestlé to analyze the marketing decisions it makes across national boundaries to market the brand of Kit Kat and keep it as a leader snack worldwide. After having analyzed the brand in all continents, I can say the execution of the strategy used by Nestlé with Kit Kat really matches the planning of the strategy which is to think globally and act locally. Nestlé uses global brand identity but, from the internal point of view, it uses local ingredients and gives autonomy to its local branches based in different countries to make pricing and distributions decisions and therefore satisfy different consumers’ needs and preferences in local environments where changes happen very rapidly. The “glocal” approach to marketing is an effective way for Nestlé Kit Kat to stay focused on the consumer in worldwide markets.

Estrategia de marketing y responsabilidad social: análisis crítico y de buenas prácticas

En este trabajo, tras un análisis y desarrollo teórico sobre el estado de la cuestión en materia de responsabilidad social de la empresa (RSE) y su relación con el marketing por su impacto sobre la imagen y reputación de la empresa o marca, se estudia el esfuerzo en RSE transmitido en la Web de de 26 empresas que pertenecían al Foro de Marcas Renombradas Españolas (FMRE) en 2009 y que continúan presentes en dicho Foro en junio de 2014. En la parte empírica de este trabajo se explica qué es este Foro y cuales son las razones que nos han llevado a elegirlo como universo de estudio para nuestro estudio empírico