La Gazette géographique / directeur Édouard Marbeau

1886/07/01 (NOUV SER,A2,N26)-1886/12/30 (NOUV SER,A2,N52).

La Gazette géographique / directeur Édouard Marbeau

1886/01/07 (NOUV SER,A2,N1)-1886/06/24 (NOUV SER,A2,N25).

La Gazette géographique / directeur Édouard Marbeau

1887/07/07 (NOUV SER,A3,N27)-1887/12/15 (NOUV SER,A3,N38).

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Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Kielikylpydidaktiikkaa kehittämässä : 3-6-vuotiaiden kielikylpylasten kielellinen kehitys ja kielikylpydidaktiikan kehittäminen päiväkodissa

The goal of this study is to determine the naming ability in Finnish and Swedish of nursery school-aged children participating in a language immersion programme, as well as their command of both languages. The study also aims to describe factors reflecting language immersion teaching in nursery schools based on action research and a literature survey. The longitudinal study, conducted in 2003–2005, comprised 133 native Finnish three- to six-year-old children in language immersion programmes. A total of four measurements were carried out over two and a half years. In each measurement, four separate tests were given to each child (totally 1134 measurements). Research material was collected using survey tools that measured the children’s naming ability and command of language. The tools had been translated into both Finnish and Swedish. The material also includes taped responses related to the tool for naming ability. Didactic approaches were developed on the basis of material from action research and the literature survey. The material was examined using methodological triangulation, and a quantitative analysis was made of each survey tool. Furthermore, a content analysis of the children’s taped responses gave further depth to the description of language development. The theoretical framework of the study is mainly based on modern sociocultural theories of second language development and acquisition. Thus, the approach is both linguistic and pedagogic, with emphasis lying on the latter. The socioculturally-oriented framework of this study is mainly influenced by the theorists Vygotski, Spolsky, van Lier and Cummins. According to the results, the language skills of children in language immersion programmes develop as expected from age three to six in the fields studied. In the field of language command, the children acquired excellent skills in listening comprehension. Their naming ability was not as good. In each test, the children showed weaker skills in Swedish than in Finnish. However, based on the assumption that the two languages have a shared cognitive field, the skills in Swedish catch up with the skills in Finnish at an annual rate of 6–7 per cent. The study indicates that children meet a language development threshold one year earlier in their native language than they do in the immersion language. As for the naming ability in Swedish, problems arose from the fact that the deviation in results increases with age. Children showed creativity in their use of naming strategies. Judging by the research results, children begin to use the immersion language as a tool for thought at a very early phase. The research results, action research and literature survey were also used to create a general educational model for language immersion.

Kuuletko, veljeni : Cuês, brate mìj

Soitinnus: lauluääni, piano.

Intermezzo

Soitinnus: viulu, piano.

Hustina : sinfoninen runoelma kuorolle ja orkesterille

Soitinnus: lauluäänet (sopraano, tenori), sekakuoro, orkesteri.

Kaivo notkelmassa : Oj, u luzì krinicenʼka

Soitinnus: lauluääni, piano.

Toinen sinfonia

Soitinnus: orkesteri.

Inibidores de proteases de hospedeiros nativos e exóticos e sua ação em intestinos de lagartas de Thyrinteina leucoceraea

Os insetos podem causar perdas consideráveis aos seus hospedeiros, entretanto alguns deles habitam em plantas sem causar-lhes danos. Por exemplo, Thyrinteina leucoceraea, herbívoro da entomofauna brasileira, pode ser encontrado na goiabeira, hospedeiro nativo da família Myrtaceae, sem que cause danos severos a essa planta. Os Eucalyptus ssp., entretanto, são hospedeiros exóticos (também da família Myrtaceae) no Brasil, vindos da Austrália, os quais sofrem ataques das lagartas de T. leucoceraea, que se tornaram pragas severas dessas plantas. Sabe-se que as plantas podem se defender contra o ataque de herbívoros e que um dos seus mecanismos de defesa pode ser a produção de inibidores de proteases, que possuem a capacidade de diminuir o desenvolvimento dos insetos e podem levá-los à morte. Baseado no desempenho da lagarta de T. leucoceraea nesses dois hospedeiros e na possibilidade de defesa da planta, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a produção de inibidores de proteases por plantas de eucalipto e de goiaba quando atacadas por essas lagartas, bem como observar a resposta bioquímica no intestino das lagartas a esses inibidores. Notou-se que as plantas de eucalipto produzem mais inibidores de proteases que as goiabeiras. O bom desenvolvimento de T. leucoceraea em plantas de eucalipto, apesar da alta concentração de inibidores de proteases, pode ser devido ao aumento da atividade enzimática nos intestinos das lagartas quando alimentadas com essa planta. Os dados evidenciaram que T. leucoceraea desenvolveu uma adaptação aos inibidores de proteases produzidos pelo eucalipto, por meio do aumento das atividades de serino-proteases e cisteíno-proteases.

Poliisimiehen työidentiteetti yhteiskunnallis-historiallisena prosessina

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Mies, joka haastoi Stalinin

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Kalojen elintila kaventunut Uudellamaalla : Rannikkovesien tila huolestuttava

Uudenmaan rannikkoalueet ovat voimakkaasti rehevöityneet. Saaristossa alusveden happipitoisuudet kääntyivät yleisesti jyrkkään laskuun 2000-luvulla ja tänä päivänä saariston pohjien pinta-alasta ja myös vesitilavuudesta huomattava osa on loppukesällä pohjaeläimille, kaloille ja eläinplanktonille elinkelvotonta happivajeen takia. Tapahtuneet muutokset ovat parantaneet useiden särkikalojen lisääntymisolosuhteita sisälahdilla samalla kun monien muiden kalalajien elinolosuhteet ulompana saaristossa ovat heikentyneet. Hapettomuudesta johtuva sisäinen ravinnekuormitus lienee tärkeä syy sille, että Uudenmaan saaristoalueiden vesien tilassa ei ole havaittavissa kohenemisen merkkejä. Käytännössä kotimaisen ravinnekuormituksen vähentämistoimenpiteet ovat olleet liian tehottomia.