562 resultados para Shareholder activism
Resumo:
Em diversas ocasiões, os líderes da Igreja Presbiteriana do Brasil revelaram o desejo de uma eqüidistância teológica dos extremos liberais e fundamentalistas. Entretanto, os dis-cursos e as práticas dessa instituição eclesiástica contrastam com esse posicionamento ofici-al. Além disso, essa pretensa posição de eqüidistância dos extremos liberais e fundamenta-listas não denota fronteiras rígidas, mas é um instrumento eficaz de legitimação do poder nos momentos de reconfiguração do campo religioso, principalmente em situações de crises internas. Outrossim, após a redemocratização do Brasil e o conseqüente aumento de plura-lismo religioso, houve a transformação do campo social brasileiro, provocando dificuldades em setores mais conservadores dessa instituição. Atualmente, procura-se revitalizar a pró-pria tradição religiosa diante das ameaças de sua dissolução impostas pelos processos e-mancipatórios modernos e pela influência das concepções seculares e supostamente atéias da vida (como o feminismo, a luta em defesa dos direitos reprodutivos, a união civil entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, o chamado ―movimento de lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis e transgêneros‖ etc.). No campo religioso, os resultados imediatos dessa postura de reação em face das transformações sociais impostas pela modernidade são: (1) misoginia; (2) aquela manifestação de ativismo político-religioso de caráter conservador os protestantes de pen-dor fundamentalista, cuja expansão no Brasil se vem processando há muitas décadas, em ritmo sabidamente veloz, com base em um modelo de proselitismo muito bem-sucedido entre as camadas mais pobres da população brasileira, por todo território nacional.(AU)
Resumo:
Estudo sobre as experiências vividas por mulheres negras que participam do movimento cultural hip-hop. Em particular, buscou-se discutir sobre a organização dos arranjos interativos e as relações de pertencimento, presença e empoderamento, tendo como elo a produção musical e as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs).Desvendar as implicações que as TICs têm com as práticas culturais juvenis contemporâneas de periferia, que funcionam como referência no combate às desigualdades de gênero e do racismo. Investigar as conexões entre as interações sociais, a cultura e ação política na esfera pública. A experiência de identidade, gênero e participação no universo on-line foi construída a partir de leituras sobre as políticas identitárias, teorias feministas e das interações sociais proporcionadas pelas TICs. Os procedimentos metodológicos incluem a pesquisa bibliográfica, entrevistas semi-estruturadas, aplicação de formulários, observação a partir da participação em eventos, além de estudo de sites dos grupos estudados e participação nas redes sociais. Entre os resultados, destaca-se que há o fortalecimento das ações e de ícones na disseminação da cultura hip-hop e que a proposição sobre o ativismo político e social das jovens envolvidas no hip-hop.
Resumo:
Estudo sobre as experiências vividas por mulheres negras que participam do movimento cultural hip-hop. Em particular, buscou-se discutir sobre a organização dos arranjos interativos e as relações de pertencimento, presença e empoderamento, tendo como elo a produção musical e as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs).Desvendar as implicações que as TICs têm com as práticas culturais juvenis contemporâneas de periferia, que funcionam como referência no combate às desigualdades de gênero e do racismo. Investigar as conexões entre as interações sociais, a cultura e ação política na esfera pública. A experiência de identidade, gênero e participação no universo on-line foi construída a partir de leituras sobre as políticas identitárias, teorias feministas e das interações sociais proporcionadas pelas TICs. Os procedimentos metodológicos incluem a pesquisa bibliográfica, entrevistas semi-estruturadas, aplicação de formulários, observação a partir da participação em eventos, além de estudo de sites dos grupos estudados e participação nas redes sociais. Entre os resultados, destaca-se que há o fortalecimento das ações e de ícones na disseminação da cultura hip-hop e que a proposição sobre o ativismo político e social das jovens envolvidas no hip-hop.
Resumo:
As redes sociais pela internet ganham destaque nos processos comunicacionais atuais ao permitirem uma maior interação entre os conectados. Entretanto, o conceito de rede, ao contrário do senso comum e do que se convencionou no meio acadêmico, de fato não propõe uma organização simétrica, estática e homogênea. A rede é, por natureza, dinâmica e heterogênea, assim como a sociedade é. As redes sociais e as redes digitais demonstram isso. Elas aumentam e diminuem seus nós e possuem diferentes graus de conexões, e mesmo nestes graus de conexões são diversas. O presente estudo está dividido em duas partes fundamentais. A primeira visa compreender o conceito de rede, e para isso baseia-se em Milton Santos, Pierre Musso e Albert-Lásló Barabási. Na segunda parte, a partir de uma pesquisa com estudantes universitários, há a preocupação de identificar as heterogeneidades existentes nas suas presenças nas redes e suas práticas de uso, a partir de seis categorias de análise e atividades relacionadas: relações pessoais, estudo, trabalho, ativismo, entretenimento e lazer, e informações e notícias. A questão de fundo, a respeito das possibilidades das redes, é sobre os diferentes níveis de participação, ou seja, a heterogeneidade em rede. O resultado do estudo constata a heterogeneidade, na qual os estudantes, por mais que possuam semelhanças em função da idade aproximada, da condição social e pelo fato de estudarem em uma universidade particular, são diferentes entre si, em especial, se comparados pelas áreas de formação. Não só a presença nas redes sociais se dá em níveis diferentes, quanto suas práticas também são. Portanto, o conceito de redes heterogêneas contido no pensamento de Milton Santos, Pierre Musso e Albert-Lásló Barabási, é confirmado com a pesquisa aplicada aos estudantes universitários dos cursos de graduação presencial da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, a partir da análise de suas presenças e práticas de uso.
Resumo:
Este estudo propõe uma reflexão sobre o tratamento dado ao imaginário do herói nas campanhas da organização não governamental Greenpeace, em seu site. O corpus de análise foi composto pelos editoriais elaborados para divulgar cada uma de suas frentes de ação: Amazônia, Clima e Energia, Nuclear, Oceano e Transgênicos. Foram ao total cinco editoriais, coletados no dia 18 de abril de 2010. No contexto social, esta ONG está inserida num conflito entre a preservação dos recursos naturais e desenvolvimento industrial e econômico. Além disso, considera-se também a mudança nos paradigmas e valores das relações sociais determinada pelo avanço tecnológico e o consequente surgimento do ciberespaço. O objetivo, portanto, é buscar entender como a relação das ações do Greenpeace com o imaginário do herói beneficia a adesão ao ciberativismo. Para isso usamos a Análise do Discurso da linha francesa como eixo teórico-metodológico, tendo como principais pensadores Patrick Charaudeau e Dominique Maingueneau, cujas ideias ajudaram a examinar a maneira como a linguagem é empregada nesses editoriais, estudando o seu contexto, resultando num discurso ideológico impregnado pelo imaginário do herói. Concluiu-se, que as técnicas discursivas utilizadas nos editoriais auxiliaram na criação do ethos do herói, do bandido e da vítima e que esses elementos valorizam as ações dos Greenpeace elevando a um patamar heróico.
Resumo:
This chapter focuses on women members of the Sunnī-dominated national organization Sweden's Young Muslims (Sveriges Unga Muslimer, SUM) and some of its local youth associations in different Swedish towns, to argue that involvement with these associations is increasing Muslim women's engagement with mosques and other venues for acquisition of Islamic knowledge. Illuminating the continuous challenges to the women's presence in mosques and their wider public activism the chapter examines how these women defend their right to exercise religious authority while supporting the traditional sources of Muslim authority in the public sphere. It analyzes how the women reinterpret the Islamic texts to change their daily lives as well as their position within both the Muslim community and Swedish society as a whole. The chapter emphasizes that in more informal situations, backstage among peers, the women put gender on the agenda, initiate reflexive deliberations, and test alternative norms and practices.
Resumo:
This is a theoretical paper that examines the interplay between individual and collective capabilities and competencies and value transactions in collaborative environments. The theory behind value creation is examined and two types of value are identified, internal value (Shareholder value) and external value (Value proposition). The literature on collaborative enterprises/network is also examined with particular emphasis on supply chains, extended/virtual enterprises and clusters as representatives of different forms and maturities of collaboration. The interplay of value transactions and competencies and capabilities are examined and discussed in detail. Finally, a model is presented which consists of value transactions and a table which compares the characteristics of different types of collaborative enterprises/networks. It is proposed that this model presents a platform for further research to develop an in-depth understanding into how value may be created and managed in collaborative enterprises/networks.
Resumo:
Juridical Review. Looks at the question of whether an individual shareholder has title to bring an action on the company's behalf in exceptional circumstances, as considered in the cases of Anderson v Hogg and Wilson v Inverness Retail & Business Park Ltd. Examines the difference between English and Scottish law in this area, notwithstanding the reliance on English case law in Scotland due to the small number of Scottish cases decided. Looks at progress towards the reform of company law and the impact it will have on a shareholder's title to sue.
Resumo:
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship between the corporate governance system and technical efficiency in Italian manufacturing. We use a non-parametric frontier technique (DEA) to derive technical efficiency measures for a sample of Italian firms taken from nine manufacturing industries. These measures are then related to the characteristics of the corporate governance system. Two of these characteristics turn out to have a positive impact on technical efficiency: the percentage of the company shares owned by the largest shareholder and the fact that a firm belongs to a pyramidal group. Interestingly, a trade-off emerges between these influences, in the sense that one is stronger in industries where the other is weaker. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resumo:
Feminist Translation Studies: Local and Transnational Perspectives situates feminist translation as political activism. Chapters highlight the multiple agendas and visions of feminist translation and the different political voices and cultural heritages through which it speaks across times and places, addressing the question of how both literary and nonliterary discourses migrate and contribute to local and transnational processes of feminist knowledge building and political activism. This collection does not pursue a narrow, fixed definition of feminism that is based solely on (Eurocentric or West-centric) gender politics—rather, Feminist Translation Studies: Local and Transnational Perspectives seeks to expand our understanding of feminist action not only to include feminist translation as resistance against multiple forms of domination, but also to rethink feminist translation through feminist theories and practices developed in different geohistorical and disciplinary contexts. In so doing, the collection expands the geopolitical, sociocultural and historical scope of the field from different disciplinary perspectives, pointing towards a more transnational, interdisciplinary and overtly political conceptualization of translation studies.
Resumo:
Contrary to the long-received theory of FDI, interest rates or rates of return can motivate foreign direct investment (FDI) in concert with the benefits of direct ownership. Thus, access to investor capital and capital markets is a vital component of the multinational’s competitive market structure. Moreover, multinationals can use their superior financial capacity as a competitive advantage in exploiting FDI opportunities in dynamic markets. They can also mitigate higher levels of foreign business risks under dynamic conditions by shifting more financial risk to creditors in the host economy. Furthermore, the investor’s expectation of foreign business risk necessarily commands a risk premium for exposing their equity to foreign market risk. Multinationals can modify the profit maximization strategy of their foreign subsidiaries to maximize growth or profits to generate this risk premium. In this context, we investigate how foreign subsidiaries manage their capital funding, business risk, and profit strategies with a diverse sample of 8,000 matched parents and foreign subsidiary accounts from multiple industries in 38 countries.We find that interest rates, asset prices, and expectations in capital markets have a significant effect on the capital movements of foreign subsidiaries. We also find that foreign subsidiaries mitigate their exposure to foreign business risk by modifying their capital structure and debt maturity. Further, we show how the operating strategy of foreign subsidiaries affects their preference for growth or profit maximization. We further show that superior shareholder value, which is a vital link for access to capital for funding foreign expansion in open market economies, is achieved through maintaining stability in the rate of growth and good asset utilization.
Resumo:
This paper begins by suggesting that when considering Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), even CSR as justified in terms of the business case, stakeholders are of great importance to corporations. In the UK the Company Law Review (DTI, 2002) has suggested that it is appropriate for UK companies to be managed upon the basis of an enlightened shareholder approach. Within this approach the importance of stakeholders, other than shareholders, is recognised as being instrumental in succeeding in providing shareholder value. Given the importance of these other stakeholders it is then important that corporate management measure and manage stakeholder performance. In order to do this there are two general approaches that could be adopted and these are the use of monetary values to reflect stakeholder value or cost and non-monetary values. In order to consider these approaches further this paper considered the possible use of these approaches for two stakeholder groups: namely employees and the environment. It concludes that there are ethical and practical difficulties with calculating economic values for stakeholder resources and so prefers a multi-dimensional approach to stakeholder performance measurement that does not use economic valuation.
Resumo:
There has been a revival of interest in economic techniques to measure the value of a firm through the use of economic value added as a technique for measuring such value to shareholders. This technique, based upon the concept of economic value equating to total value, is founded upon the assumptions of classical liberal economic theory. Such techniques have been subject to criticism both from the point of view of the level of adjustment to published accounts needed to make the technique work and from the point of view of the validity of such techniques in actually measuring value in a meaningful context. This paper critiques economic value added techniques as a means of calculating changes in shareholder value, contrasting such techniques with more traditional techniques of measuring value added. It uses the company Severn Trent plc as an actual example in order to evaluate and contrast the techniques in action. The paper demonstrates discrepancies between the calculated results from using economic value added analysis and those reported using conventional accounting measures. It considers the merits of the respective techniques in explaining shareholder and managerial behaviour and the problems with using such techniques in considering the wider stakeholder concept of value. It concludes that this economic value added technique has merits when compared with traditional accounting measures of performance but that it does not provide the universal panacea claimed by its proponents.
Resumo:
Following centuries of feminist struggle, centuries which have born witness to the close relationship between linguistic discrimination and social reality, there is a growing tendency in modern society to acknowledge the vital role played by language in overcoming gender discrimination. Political institutions are currently compensating by instituting the use of non-sexist language through legislative guidelines, and this makes an important contribution to social reform for equality between the sexes. Seeing that translation is so important for the creation of the collective identities on which modern global society depends, it is clear that non-sexist translation is crucial if there is to be non-sexist language. In this article I examine the potential of non-sexist translation in the struggle for gender equality from a both a theoretical and a practical viewpoint, and I end with a critical evaluation of non-sexist translation methods.
Resumo:
The Front National has for some years been France's third political party and the most notable far-right force in Europe; its leader, Jean-Marie Le Pen, contested the 2002 presidential election run-off with 5.5 million votes. What do Le Pen and the FN represent? What are their historical roots, their values and their policies? Who votes for them and why? And what has been their impact on the political agenda in France? Adopting an essentially chronological approach, the book traces the political lineage of Le Pen and the FN through key figures, movements and events on the French extreme right from the Vichy regime to the present, providing a detailed historical perspective for understanding the FN today. Part I provides a historical study of the extreme right in France since 1940, examining • the Vichy regime, collaboration and ‘collaborationism’, • the aftermath of Liberation and the post-war extreme right, • the Poujadist movement and the politics of populism, • the Algerian War as a catalyst for change, • the ‘Nouvelle Droite’ and the search for doctrinal renewal, • old and new forms of extreme-right ideology and activism. Part II undertakes a comprehensive study of the FN, analysing • the party’s early development and electoral rise, • its evolving programme and strategy, • the factors underlying its popular appeal, • the geography and composition of its electorate, • its exercise of local power and regional influence, • and its defining impact on the national political agenda. The FN, it is argued, represents both the latest manifestation of a long tradition of authoritarian nationalism and a complex new phenomenon within the changing social and political dynamics of contemporary France.