899 resultados para Saramago, José, 1922- Ensaio sobre a Cegueira
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200 copies printed.
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A principios del siglo veinte, Medellín (Colombia) estaba dejando de ser una población caracterizada por formas sociales no urbanas y comenzando a presentar otras propias de la vida de las ciudades. Este proceso modificó los múltiples vínculos existentes entre las formas culturales y la sociedad y desembocó en la aparición, durante la década de los años veinte, de escritores, pintores, músicos y fotógrafos que registraron las transformaciones de la experiencia cotidiana. El siguiente trabajo hace uso de las teorías sociales y de la cultura de Georg Simmel, los formalistas rusos y Henri Bergson para tratar de dar cuenta de la manera en que un escritor de la época, José Restrepo, capturó, simultáneamente, la coexistencia en Medellín de formas sociales no urbanas, formas urbanas y el proceso que llevó de las primeras a las últimas
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Religião e literatura é o tema geral desta tese de doutoramento. Contudo, a preocupação específica é a plausibilidade da interpretação da religião pela literatura. Isso porque os estudiosos dessa área têm normalmente partido da pressuposição de que essa plausibilidade existe. Por isso geralmente não a problematizam e nem se preocupam em fundamentá-la. A proposta desta pesquisa é justamente desenvolver um embasamento teórico que ajude a suprir essa lacuna. Portanto, esta tese mantém como preocupação de fundo uma questão epistemológica. Para levar adiante esse projeto, levanta-se a hipótese de que o discurso indireto da literatura caracterizado pela metáfora, especialmente o romance com a sua possibilidade polifônica e carnavalesca, tem a capacidade de revelar traços específicos do fenômeno religioso de modo diferente do que fazem os discursos diretos da filosofia e das ciências, de tal forma que dá à literatura condições de proceder a uma interpretação plausível e heurística da religião. A fundamentação teórica para o desenvolvimento da hipótese é baseada na teoria da metáfora, do texto e da narrativa de Paul Ricoeur e nos conceitos de dialogismo, polifonia, carnavalização e literatura prosaica de Mikhail Bakhtin. Com a finalidade de exemplificar, na prática, a pertinência do material teórico desenvolvido, o romance O Evangelho Segundo Jesus Cristo, de José Saramago é interpretado. Metodologicamente, o trabalho está dividido em três pontos: primeiro a literatura e o conhecimento da realidade; segundo a literatura como intérprete da religião e terceiro, a interpretação exemplar do romance.(AU)
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Executive functions are determinant cognitive processes for student success, since they execute and control complex cognitive activities such as reasoning, planning and solving problems. The development of the executive functions performances begin early at childhood going through the adolescence until adulthood, concomitant with the neuroanatomical, functional and blood perfusion changes over the brain. In this scenario, exercise has been considered an important environmental factor for neurodevelopment, as well as for the promotion of cognitive and brain health. However, there are no large scientific studies investigating the effects of a single vigorous aerobic exercise session on executive functions in adolescents. Objective: To verify the acute effect of vigorous aerobic exercise on executive functions in adolescents. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) with crossover design was used. 20 pubescent from both sexes/gender with age between 10 and 16 years were submitted to two sessions of 30min each: 1) The aerobic exercise session intensity was between 65 and 75% of heart rate reserve, in which 5min for warm-up, 20min at the target intensity and 5min of cool down; and 2) control session watching cartoons. The computerized Stroop test – Testinpacs and trail making test were used to evaluate the inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility assessment respectively, before and after both experimental and control sessions. The reaction time (RT) and number of errors (n) of Stroop test were recorded. The total time (TT) and the number of errors (n) of the trail making test were also recorded. Results: The control session’s RT did not present significant differences in the Stroop test. On the other hand, the exercise session’s RT decreased significantly (p<0.01) after the session. The number of errors made at the Stroop test had no significant differences in control and exercise sessions. The ΔTT of trail making test of exercise session was significantly (p<0.001) lower than the control session’s. Errors made in trail making test did not show significant differences between control and exercise sessions. Additionally, there was significant and positive association among the Stroop test ΔRT of exercise session with xiii chronological age (r= 0.635, p=0.001; r 2 = 0.404, p=0.003) and sexual maturation (rs= 0.580, p=0.007; r 2 = 0.408, p=0.002). Differently, there was no association among the control session ΔRT and chronological age (r= – 0.144, p=0.273; r 2 = 0.021, p=0.545) or sexual maturation (rs= –0.155, p=0.513; r 2 = 0.015, p=0.610). Conclusion: Vigorous aerobic exercise seems to improve acutely executive functions in adolescents. The effect of exercise on inhibitory control performance was associated to pubertal stage and chronological age. In other words, the benefits of exercise were more evident in early adolescence (↑ ΔRT) and its magnitude decreases along the growing up process.
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Objective: analyze the effect of Kinesio Taping (KT) on the indirect clinical markers of muscle damage induced by eccentric exercises in the elbow flexors in healthy individuals. Materials and methods: It is a randomized controlled trial involving sixty volunteers at age group between 18 and 28 years randomly selected. The sample into three groups with twenty participants: control group (CG) – eccentric protocol without KT, KT group – eccentric with tensioned KT, placebo group – eccentric protocol KT with no tension. The evaluations took place at four moments; the first one was the basis line (AV1), after the second protocol (AV2) and the following two groups 24 (AV3) and 48 hours (AV4) after the intervention protocol. The muscle damage was induced by sixteen maximum eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors from the non-dominant limb, divided in two sets of eight repetitions, at 60º/s, with two minutes interval. The variables analyzed were: the joint amplitude in rest, the level of pain, the joint position sense (JPS) followed of isokinetic checking with electromyographic sign capitation. These data were analyzed in software SPSS 20.0. The normality was identified by Kolmogorov-Smimov examination and then, being used the ANOVA mixed model with significance of 5%. Outcomes: a decrease was observed at joint amplitude moreover, an immediate increase of pain wich increased after 24 and remained until 48 hours at all groups searched. There was not difference at the JPS. The variables peak torque, average peak torque, total work and mean power mean reduced until 48 hours after muscle lesion in all groups. Among the groups, there was no difference in EMG values and for any of the variables. Conclusion: The KT did not influence at the indirect clinical markers of muscle lesion induced by eccentric exercises in the elbow flexors in healthy people.
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Objective: analyze the effect of Kinesio Taping (KT) on the indirect clinical markers of muscle damage induced by eccentric exercises in the elbow flexors in healthy individuals. Materials and methods: It is a randomized controlled trial involving sixty volunteers at age group between 18 and 28 years randomly selected. The sample into three groups with twenty participants: control group (CG) – eccentric protocol without KT, KT group – eccentric with tensioned KT, placebo group – eccentric protocol KT with no tension. The evaluations took place at four moments; the first one was the basis line (AV1), after the second protocol (AV2) and the following two groups 24 (AV3) and 48 hours (AV4) after the intervention protocol. The muscle damage was induced by sixteen maximum eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors from the non-dominant limb, divided in two sets of eight repetitions, at 60º/s, with two minutes interval. The variables analyzed were: the joint amplitude in rest, the level of pain, the joint position sense (JPS) followed of isokinetic checking with electromyographic sign capitation. These data were analyzed in software SPSS 20.0. The normality was identified by Kolmogorov-Smimov examination and then, being used the ANOVA mixed model with significance of 5%. Outcomes: a decrease was observed at joint amplitude moreover, an immediate increase of pain wich increased after 24 and remained until 48 hours at all groups searched. There was not difference at the JPS. The variables peak torque, average peak torque, total work and mean power mean reduced until 48 hours after muscle lesion in all groups. Among the groups, there was no difference in EMG values and for any of the variables. Conclusion: The KT did not influence at the indirect clinical markers of muscle lesion induced by eccentric exercises in the elbow flexors in healthy people.
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O presente relatório de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresenta o meu percurso ao longo do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Este encontra-se dividido em duas partes distintas. A primeira parte corresponde à dimensão reflexiva e a segunda parte à dimensão investigativa. A primeira parte aborda as experiências vivenciadas em contexto de Creche, Pré-Escolar e 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e as aprendizagens realizadas ao longo das mesmas. A segunda parte corresponde ao ensaio investigativo realizado. Pretende compreender a relação entre as atividades de consciência fonológica e de ortografia e a diminuição de erros ortográficos. Este estudo de caso, de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo foi baseado na seguinte pergunta de partida “As atividades de treino de consciência fonológica e de ortografia podem melhorar o desempenho ortográfico dos alunos?”. Os resultados confirmam que quando a competência ortográfica é trabalhada pela via do desenvolvimento da consciência fonológica a quantidade de erros ortográficos diminui. Os resultados alcançados apontam ainda para a importância e necessidade de os educadores e professores conceberem intervenções pedagógicas que sejam capazes de fomentar o desenvolvimento da consciência fonológica e, consequentemente, a aprendizagem do código ortográfico.
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Este trabajo analiza la vinculación del comerciante madeirense Felipe Carvalho con el arte producido en Canarias a principios del siglo xix, y más concretamente con esculturas adquiridas en el taller que José Luján Pérez regentaba en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria desde la década de 1780. Consta de dos epígrafes diferentes. En ellos se aborda su trayectoria vital poniendo un énfasis especial en las circunstancias que motivaron un primer desplazamiento de Funchal a La Laguna hacia 1783, así como en la relación derivada del contacto con el imaginero grancanario y las peculiaridades de dos realizaciones que guardan un vínculo directo con su demanda
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Es un estudio clínico controlado se incluyeron 100 pacientes adultos, ASA I-II de ambos sexos, en dos grupos de 50 pacientes cada uno seleccionados aleatoriamente: grupo A recibió 10 mcg.Kg-1 de fentanil y grupo B) recibió 15 mcg.kg-1 de fentanil. Se aplicó un formulario durante los 12 min de la inducción y a las 6 horas de posanestésico para valorar el recuerdo del procedimiento y de la intubación endotraqueal. No hubieron diferencias entre los grupos en cuanto a edad, sexo, procedencia, instrucción y tipo de cirugía. El procedimiento de inducción fue recordado por menor porcentaje de pacientes de grupo B. La intubación endotraqueal registró el 88 por ciento de olvido en el grupo A. y el 96 por ciento en el B [P mayor 0.05]. El recuerdo de la intubación endotraqueal no fue traumático y hubo un 4 por ciento de euforia transitoria en el grupo B. Las variaciones hemodinámicas en cuanto a pulso, TA y SpO2 medidas en cuatro momentos: basal, 4 min, 8 min y 12 min no fueron estadísticamente signigicativas
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Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a serious public health problem in developing countries, and as a therapeutic and prophylactic measure retinil palmitate is being supplemented. Nevertheless its efficacy has been questioned. The objective of the study was to evaluate the supplementation of two retinil palmitate megadosis on the serum retinol levels of post partum healthy mothers from Dr. José Pedro Bezerra (Hospital Santa Catarina) hospital, Natal - RN. The enrolled women (n=199) were randomly distributed into three studied groups and supplemented with retinil palmitate immediately after delivery with a single 200,000 IU dose (group S1), two 200,000 IU dose (group S2) with 24h difference between the doses, or no supplementation (group C). Among women selected, 143 remained until the end of the study. The influence of vitamin A dietary intake was evaluated during pregnancy and after 30 days of delivery. The average intake of the population was reasonable, but a high prevalence of inadequate intake was found. Retinol in colostrums and mature milk was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The retinol average in colostrums and mature milk in the supplemented and control groups were adequate according to the reference values. In colostrums, women from groups C, S1 and S2 presented retinol averages by milk volume of 94.8 ± 40.2 µg/dL, 92.2 ± 50.0 µg/dL and 91.8 ± 53.7 µg/dL, respectively. No difference was found between these averages (p=0.965), this was also seen when the values where expressed as µg/g of fat (p=0.905). After 30 days of delivery, retinol per milk volume differed between the control group (36.6 ± 17.5 µg/dL) and groups supplemented with 200,000 IU (51.0 ± 28.8 µg/dL) or 400,000 IU (55.2 ± 31.6 µg/dL) of retinil palmitate (p<0,05). Nevertheless, when S1 and S2 groups where compared, no significant difference was found (p=0.97). Considering retinol/g of fat, the means were 12.7 ± 6.7 µg/g, 15.6 ± 8.3 µg/g and 17.2 ± 8.9 µg/g for groups C, S1 and S2, respectively, with significant difference between groups S2 and C (p=0,01). Subclinical VAD prevalence showed a serious public health problem in the study population (32% in colostrums and 31.5% in mature milk). When analyzing the groups separately, the group which received two doses (200,000 IU + 200,000 IU) presented the lowest VAD prevalence (20.7%). Retinil palmitate supplementations of 200,000 IU and 400,000 IU (divided in two doses) in the immediate post partum showed no significant difference. Nevertheless, the 400,000 IU (divided in two doses) supplementation showed a reduction in VAD
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Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre os capítulos três e quatro da obra El Conocimiento Geopolítico do argentino José Felipe Marini “O objeto de estudo da geopolítica: o espaço geopolítico” e “O método geopolítico”. A geopolítica clássica e alguns dos seus autores – tais como Rudolf Kjéllen (1864-1922), Halford John Mackinder (1861-1947), Karl Haushofer (1869- 1946) e Friedrich Ratzel (1804-1904) – é igualmente revisitada e contextualizada quanto à origem e evolução da geopolítica, seu objeto e método.
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[Español] Se describen experiencias personales y profesionales del autor (José Antonio Torres Reyes) producidas en la interacción en el ambiente saramaguiano al haber estado a cargo de organizar la biblioteca personal del escritor José Saramago laureado con el Premio Nobel de Literartura, localizada en el Municipio de Tías, Lanzarote, España, durante los meses de mayo a octubre del 2007. El autor estuvo en calidad de becario por la Universidad de Granada, España, institución en la que realizaba al mismo tiempo estudios doctorales en Información científica en la Facultad de Documentación y Comunicación. [Inglés] This essays describes personal and professional experiences of the author (José Antonio Torres-Reyes) produced during the interaction within the Saramaguian atmosphere for having been in charge of organizing the library of the writer José Saramago, Nobel Laureate of Literature, located in the municipality of Tías, Lanzarote, Spain, during the months of May to October 2007. The author was as a fellow grantee at the University of Granada, Spain, institution where he conducted at the same time his doctoral studies in scientific information at the School of Information and Communication.
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IntroducciónDurante la última década ha existido una proliferación de estudios sobre la historia de Centroamérica entre los que destacan las investigaciones que lleva a cabo el Centro de Investigaciones Regionales de Mesoamérica y que han contribuído a desentrañar temáticas relevantes para el conjunto de la historia de la región, La obra que comentamos ha sido publicada por este Centro dentro de la Serie Monográfica y fue ralizada por el profesor estadounidense Dr. David L. Chandler.
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Este estudo tem por objetivo estabelecer a comparação da construção do discurso ficcional nos romances A história do cerco de Lisboa (1989) de José Saramago e El paraíso en la otra esquina (2003) de Mario Vargas Llosa, obras que dialogam diretamente com o discurso da história. Evidenciamos o procedimento da intertextualidade que ocorre entre estes discursos, possibilitando uma aproximação entre ficção e história. Na obra de Saramago podemos notar como o narrador explicita a construção tanto do discurso da ficção como do histórico, ao relatar a trajetória fictícia de Raimundo Silva. Já na obra de Vargas Llosa o diálogo com o discurso historiográfico ocorre na reconstrução da história de vida da feminista Flora Tristán (1803-1844) e de seu neto Paul Gauguin (1848-1903), famoso por suas pinturas consideradas exóticas. Apesar de Saramago e Vargas Llosa fazerem parte de cânones literários diferentes, é possível constatar uma confluência entre os autores na sua produção ficcional.