Genome-wide association study for birth weight in Nellore cattle points to previously described orthologous genes affecting human and bovine height

Background: Birth weight (BW) is an economically important trait in beef cattle, and is associated with growth- and stature-related traits and calving difficulty. One region of the cattle genome, located on Bos primigenius taurus chromosome 14 (BTA14), has been previously shown to be associated with stature by multiple independent studies, and contains orthologous genes affecting human height. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) for BW in Brazilian Nellore cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) was performed using estimated breeding values (EBVs) of 654 progeny-tested bulls genotyped for over 777,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).Results: The most significant SNP (rs133012258, PGC = 1.34 × 10-9), located at BTA14:25376827, explained 4.62% of the variance in BW EBVs. The surrounding 1 Mb region presented high identity with human, pig and mouse autosomes 8, 4 and 4, respectively, and contains the orthologous height genes PLAG1, CHCHD7, MOS, RPS20, LYN, RDHE2 (SDR16C5) and PENK. The region also overlapped 28 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) previously reported in literature by linkage mapping studies in cattle, including QTLs for birth weight, mature height, carcass weight, stature, pre-weaning average daily gain, calving ease, and gestation length.Conclusions: This study presents the first GWAS applying a high-density SNP panel to identify putative chromosome regions affecting birth weight in Nellore cattle. These results suggest that the QTLs on BTA14 associated with body size in taurine cattle (Bos primigenius taurus) also affect birth weight and size in zebu cattle (Bos primigenius indicus). © 2013 Utsunomiya et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Pierre Verger e o culto dos orixás

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Estudo do microcultivo in vitro para o isolamento de Leishmania sp no estado do Pará

Os parasitas do gênero Leishmania apresentam uma variabilidade de espécies na região Amazônica e para sua correta identificação é necessário o isolamento dos mesmos. Atualmente para o isolamento do parasita e posterior diagnóstico da doença têm se utilizado a técnica de microcultivo in vitro. O objetivo de nosso trabalho foi otimizar a técnica de microcultivo in vitro para o isolamento de Leishmania sp. Para o isolamento, além do microcultivo, foi analisado a técnica de vácuo-aspiração adaptada e a viabilidade do parasita a temperaturas abaixo de 25ºC. No total foram utilizados 18 hamsters, infectados com amostras de casos clínicos de Leishmaniose tegumentar americana, sendo 3 de Leishmania.(Leishmania) amazonensis e 2 de Leishmania.(Viannia) braziliensis o qual foram realizados 56 cultivos por vácuo-aspiração em meio NNN, 12 em microtubos e 23 por microcapilares com RPMI suplementado, mantidos entre 25º e 31ºC. Para a segunda etapa, participaram 7 pacientes, totalizando 6 culturas por vácuo-aspiração e 42 por microcapilares. Conservou-se a baixa temperatura 7 tubos com NNN que foram mantidas a 5ºC. Foi observado que os isolamentos por vácuo-aspiração de amostras de L. (L.) amazonensis e L. (V.) braziliensis em hamsters foram sensíveis a adaptação da técnica, diferente das amostras de pacientes. A positividade variou entre 2 a 8 dias e 4 e 5 dias respectivamente. Os microtubos apresentaram positividade para as mesmas amostras de hamsters no período de 5 a 8 dias. Para as amostras dos pacientes, 2/12 tubos por vácuo-aspiração foram positivos e para isolamento em microcapilares 6/42, valores inferiores aos encontrados na literatura. A amostras conservadas a 5ºC apresentaram viabilidade até o 30º dia. Com estes resultados foi observado que o microcultivo é viável para uso dentro de nossa região, entretanto se mostrou limitado para o isolamento de amostras provenientes de pacientes. Devem-se utilizar outros meios de cultivo, de modo a observar o comportamento do parasito e também aperfeiçoar a coleta do material da lesão a fim de melhorar os resultados de isolamento.

Encantados da “fortaleza” insular: D. Sebastião, natureza em uma história cultural na Amazônia

Quando se fala em cultura popular, vem ao pensamento do censo comum, música, folclore, dança. Raramente se pensa em literatura, mas lembra-se da religiosidade que permeia todos esses primeiros. Nessas concepções não se lembram de colocar a história, ou melhor, as histórias que foram produzidas pelos sujeitos que construíram todas essas manifestações e ideias. Aqui se procurou fazer um esforço de pensar historicamente a formação de uma religiosidade constituída no meio da região amazônica, na perspectiva de um olhar do povo, aquele a que se refere quando se fala em cultura popular. De um espaço do interior dessa região, a cidade de São João de Pirabas, procuramos ver como essa religiosidade, representada na natureza e a partir dela, se liga a uma história mais ampla com a figura de um rei Português, D. Sebastião, religiões como a pajelança cabocla e afro-brasileiras. Além do esforço de intelectuais de, também, mostrar essas religiões a partir do pensamento dos sujeitos que a fizeram, tornando-a muitas vezes, uma resposta, uma alternativa e ao mesmo tempo parte da religião cristã imposta aos nossos antepassados que a reelaboraram, juntamente com a construção de suas histórias.

Mecanismos de antimutagenicidade do cogumelo Agaricus brasiliensis sobre lesões no DNA induzidas in vivo e in vitro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Os romances policiais místico-religiosos mais vendidos no Brasil de 1980 a 2009: questões de narratividade e de actorialização

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Molecular Identification of Nocardia Isolates from Clinical Samples and an Overview of Human Nocardiosis in Brazil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise documental das imagens fotográficas de romarias no Nordeste do Brasil

A discussion, through a literature review, on the use of photographic documents and Documentary Analysis (DA) for the preservation, description and retrieval of images of pilgrimages in northeastern Brazil, which are archived at the Laboratory of Information Science and Memory (LACIM). The photograph acts as an expression of faith and devotion; it is a witnesses and documents, through images, the records of the day-to-day folk religion in its multiple meanings and situations, linked to the sacred. The DA —as a set of procedures performed after the reading of documents— facilitates the analysed collection location or query through the documentary language. This paper tries to show that the particular form of the information contained in a photographic archive echoes submerged memories of the pilgrims, authenticating a social fact in the country, capturing the sacredness from specific moments of celebration.

Preliminary in vitro and ex vivo evaluation of afzelin, kaempferitrin and pterogynoside action over free radicals and reactive oxygen species

Biological activities of flavonoids have been extensively reviewed in literature. The biochemical profile of afzelin, kaempferitrin, and pterogynoside acting on reactive oxygen species was investigated in this paper. The flavonoids were able to act as scavengers of the superoxide anion, hypochlorous acid and taurine chloramine. Although flavonoids are naturally occurring substances in plants which antioxidant activities have been widely advertised as beneficial, afzelin, kaempferitrin, and pterogynoside were able to promote cytotoxic effect. In red blood cells this toxicity was enhanced, depending on flavonoids concentration, in the presence of hypochlorous acid, but reduced in the presence of 2,20 -azo-bis(2-amidinopropane) free radical. These flavonoids had also promoted the death of neutrophils, which was exacerbated when the oxidative burst was initiated by phorbol miristate acetate. Therefore, despite their well-known scavenging action toward free radicals and oxidants, these compounds could be very harmful to living organisms through their action over erythrocytes and neutrophils.

Analysis of acoustic frequency and wave amplitude generated by the Oscillatory Thoracic Thixotropic Device (Diottix(r)) in human chest

Diottix(r) was calibrated at 25 Hz to achieve the frequency indicated in literature as being effective to mobilize the airways secretions. However, the amplitude and frequency of the waves generated by the equipment in different regions of the chest still need to be investigated. The objective of this study was to analyze the frequency and amplitude of waves generated by Diottix(r) in chests of healthy subjects. Diottix(r) was used in the anterior and posterior regions of the chest. The mechanical waves were captured using stethoscopes connected to electret microphones, which were connected to a digital oscilloscope. Frequency and amplitude data were recorded by the stethoscope, positioned in six points in the anterior region and six in the posterior region of the chest, following the positions commonly used in pulmonary auscultation. Signals were recorded and transferred to a computer with software for their analysis. The frequency of waves did not present a significant change (from 24.9 to 26.4 Hz). The wave amplitude in the anterior versus the posterior region in each area of the lung, the upper, middle and lower, had differences. Diottix(r) produces frequencies in the chest according to the calibrated; thus, it can be a complementary resource to bronchial hygiene maneuvers. The amplitudes of waves seem to be affected by other structures like bone parts and heart.

Evaluation of microwave-assisted pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass immersed in alkaline glycerol for fermentable sugars production

A pretreatment with microwave irradiation was applied to enhance enzyme hydrolysis of corn straw and rice husk immersed in water, aqueous glycerol or alkaline glycerol. Native and pretreated solids underwent enzyme hydrolysis using the extract obtained from the fermentation of Myceliophthora heterothallica, comparing its efficiency with that of the commercial cellulose cocktail Celluclast (R). The highest saccharification yields, for both corn straw and rice husk, were attained when biomass was pretreated in alkaline glycerol, method that has not been previously reported in literature. Moreover, FTIR, TG and SEM analysis revealed a more significant modification in the structure of corn straw subjected to this pretreatment.Highest global yields were attained with the crude enzyme extract, which might be the result of its content in a great variety of hydrolytic enzymes, as revealed zymogram analysis. Moreover, its hydrolysis efficiency can be improved by its supplementation with commercial beta-glucosidase.

Spontaneous poisoning by Hovenia dulcis in dairy cattle in Southwest Parana, Brazil

Livestock poisoning by plants is a frequent occurrence which determines severe losses, such as the fall in the milk and meat production, the cost of expensive treatments, the state of immunosuppression, or even the animal's death. Cattle ingest toxic plants only when there is food shortage, when they cannot select what they eat, or when they ingest food for preference, which is the case of Hovenia dulcis fruits, very rich in sucrose. This plant is widely distributed in the southern and southeastern Brazilian regions. In literature, there are some cases of severe human liver injury associated with a long-term of H. dulcis leaf and fruit tea intake, and only one report regarding spontaneous poisoning of goats caused by this plant ingestion. However, its toxic effects associated with spontaneous ingestion by cattle have never been reported. This paper reports the first case of spontaneous poisoning in cattle by H. dulcis, which occurred in a dairy farm in southwest Paraná, Brazil. Three cattle individuals showed anorexia, ruminal atony, severe diarrhea and neurological tournament, head pressing, blindness, ataxia, and circling. The necropsy of the animals was done, and the remaining alterations were restricted to the digestive system and brain. The clinical signs presented by the animals are characteristic of polioencephalomalacia (PEM), caused by changes in the thiamine metabolism. Furthermore, clinical signs, gross, and microscopic lesions as well as the large amount of the plant throughout the digestive segment led to a diagnosis.

Práticas corporais e cristianismo: relações e preceitos

This study, qualitative, aimed to try to understand relations and premises involving bodily practices and Christianity. The study was conducted by means of literature, focusing the themes of religion and the body along with issues involving Christian ethics, through its principles and values, which must be practiced, not only within the church, but even within the society, in sports, in schools. Based on the literature review, it can be seen that the body practices have a direct relationship with the Christian religion, in the aspects involving the ethics of their practices, experiences, thoughts, attitudes, principles and values, in addition to cultural training and body of students from different schools, in which the physical education professional is directly involved with the bodily practices. As conclusions, it was noted the probability of a harmonious and fundamental relationship between religion and bodily practices, along with a productive association between Christianity and society, helping the individual in its ethical and social formation. We suggest new approaches to the formation of the professional of Physical Education, in order take into consideration these aspects involving religiosity

Religiosidade e mito na obra de José Carlos Mariátegui e a teologia da libertação

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR

Lymphoepithelial cyst in jugal mucosa

Mouth lymphoepithelial cyst is rare, with few cases reported in literature. The aim of this article is to describe a clinical case, focusing on clinical and diagnostic aspects, treatment and prognosis. The lesion was one year old and had developed as a fibrous nodule in the jugal mucosa of a 71-year-old leucoderma patient. Considering focal inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, fibroma and mucocele as differential diagnosis, excisional biopsy was carried out. A cystic cavity limited by pseudostratified epithelium without projections into the conjunctive tissue, with lymphoid tissue within, was microscopically identified. Without postoperative adverse events, the one-year clinical followup confirmed the favorable prognosis of this kind of lesion.