Uber 1.3-Diketo-2.4-tetrachlorhydronaphtalin und dessen Umwandlungsprodukte.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universitat Marburg.

Ueber 2, 4, 5 trimethyldibenzylamin und 2, 4, 5 trimethyldibenz...

Thesis (doctoral)--

Uber das 1 Methyl 2-4 diketohexachlor-R-hexylen und dessen Umwandlungsproducte /

Thesis (doctoral)--Universitat Marburg, 1896.

Ueber die einwirkung von hydrazinhydrat auf 2, 4 dinitrobenzoes...

Thesis (doctoral)--

Uber de 2,4-Dioxytriphenylessigsaurelaktonsulfosaure und ihre Salze /

Thesis (doctoral)--Kgl. Bayer. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat zu Munchen, 1908.

Ueber 3-Methylazobenzol und 2-4-Dimethylazobenzol /

Thesis (doctoral)--Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat zu Heidelberg, 1894.

Recherches sur quelques derives du 2, 4-dinitro-1-naphtol et sur les derives d'azonium obtenus par condensation de l'acide [beta]-naphtoquinone-4-sulfonique avec la phenylorthophenylenediamine /

Thesis (doctoral)--Universitate de Geneve, 1897.

Zur kenntnis des 2.4.2'.4'.6'.-penta- und 2.4.6.2'.4'.6'.-hex.

Thesis (doctoral)--

Die partielle elektrochemische reduktion des 2.6- und 2.4-dinit...

Thesis (doctoral)--

Synthese des 2,4'-dioxyflavonols 3-oxyflavonols.

Thesis (doctoral)--

Conférence des trois internationales tenue à Berlin, les 2, 4 et 5 avril 1922 : compte-rendu sténographique.

At head of title: Edition du Comité des neuf.

1H-1,3-Diazepines, 5H-1,3-diazepines, 1,3-diazepinones, and 2,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]heptenes

Tetrazolo[1,5-a] pyridines/ 2-azidopyridines 1 undergo photochemical nitrogen elimination and ring expansion to 1,3-diazacyclohepta-1,2,4,6-tetraenes 3, which react with alcohols to afford 2-alkoxy-1H-1,3-diazepines 4 (5), with secondary amines to 2-dialkylamino-5H-1,3-diazepines 16, sometimes via isolable 2-dialkylamino-1H-1,3-diazepines 15, and with water to 1,3-diazepin-2-ones 19. The latter are also obtained by elimination of isobutene or propene from 2-tert-butoxy- or 2-isopropoxy-1H-1,3-diazepines 4 or 5. 1,3-Diazepin-2-one 22B and 1,3-diazepin-4-one 24 were obtained from hydrolysis of the corresponding 4-chlorodiazepines. Diazepinones 19 undergo photochemical ring closure to diazabicycloheptenones 25 in high yields. The 2-alkoxy-1H-1,3-diazepines 4 and 5 interconvert by rapid proton exchange between positions N1 and N3. The free energies of activation for the proton exchange were measured by the Forsen - Hoffman method as DeltaGdouble dagger(298) = 16.2 +/- 0.6 kcal mol(-1) as an average for 4a - c in CD2Cl2, acetone-d(6), and methanol-d(4), and 14.1 +/- 0.6 kcal mol(-1) for 4c in acetone/D2O. The structures of 2-methoxy-5,6-bis( trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,3-diazepine 4k, 1,2-dihydro-4-diethylamino-5H-1,3-diazepin-2-one 22bB, and diazabicycloheptanone 26 were determined by X-ray crystallography. The former represents the first reported X-ray crystal structure of any monocyclic N-unsubstituted 1H-azepine.

A soil-based microbial biofilm exposed to 2,4-D: bacterial community development and establishment of conjugative plasmid pJP4

A soil suspension was used as a source to initiate the development of microbial communities in flow cells irrigated with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (25 mu g ml(-1)). Culturable bacterial members of the community were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and found to be members of the genera Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Collimonas and Rhodococcus. A 2,4-D degrading donor strain, Pseudomonas putida SM 1443 (pJP4::gfp), was inoculated into flow cell chambers containing 2-day old biofilm communities. Transfer of pJP4::gfp from the donor to the bacterial community was detectable as GFP fluorescing cells and images were captured using confocal scanning laser microscopy (GFP fluorescence was repressed in the donor due to the presence of a chromosomally located lacl(q) repressor gene). Approximately 5-10 transconjugant microcolonies, 20-40 mu m in diameter, could be seen to develop in each chamber. A 2,4-D degrading transconjugant strain was isolated from the flow cell system belonging to the genus Burkholderia.