A Renovação Carismática Católica, através do Seminário de Vida no Espírito Santo-Adamantina - (1997-2003)

Pós-graduação em História - FCLAS

Religião e sociedade no Egito antigo: do mito de Ísis e Osíris na obra de Plutarco (I d.C.)

Pós-graduação em História - FCLAS

Avaliação de drogas antifúngicas no tratamento de camundongos BALB/c inoculados com o Lacazia loboi

Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais - FMB

Marcadores ultra-sonográficos hepáticos em portadores assintomáticos do vírus da hepatite C, pré-doadores de sangue da Fundação HEMOPA, Belém-Pará

Para avaliar a importância da ultra-sonografia como método de diagnóstico por imagem na detecção de alterações ecográficas hepático-portais na hepatite por vírus C realizou-se esta investigação cujos objetivos foram: descrever os achados de marcadores ecográficos de alteração morfológica do fígado e do sistema porta; determinar a freqüência dessas alterações e investigar a presença de associação entre as alterações ultra-sonográficas hepáticas e portais e a infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C (VHC), em indivíduos portadores assintomáticos deste vírus, os quais foram selecionados entre pré-doadores de sangue da Fundação Hemopa, hemocentro de referência oficial no Estado do Pará, Brasil, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2003. O estudo foi realizado comparando-se os achados de um grupo com 30 participantes soropositivos para o VHC (grupo central) e de um grupo controle, composto de 38 participantes soronegativos. Ambos os grupos da pesquisa incluíram indivíduos assintomáticos, de ambos os sexos e com idade adequada para doação de sangue. A triagem para doação foi realizada no hemocentro, utilizando seus procedimentos de rotina. Procedeu-se pareamento dos participantes da pesquisa por sexo e idade. A amostra analisada evidenciou predomínio da faixa etária de 18 a 28 anos, correspondendo a 53% dos participantes do grupo central e 50% dos participantes do grupo controle. Hepatomegalia e hiperecogenicidade do parênquima, achados inespecíficos e encontrados comumente na esteatose hepática, foram mais freqüentes no grupo central, porém sem diferença estatística significante. Heterogenicidade textural, focos hipoecogênicos, alterações de visibilidade dos ramos venosos intra-hepáticos e esplenomegalia foram outros parâmetros mais freqüentes no grupo de infectados, também sem diferença estatística significante. Os participantes do grupo central apresentaram alterações com diferença estatística significante no parâmetro superfície hepática e na classificação por pontuação pelos escores de Lin, considerando-se os parâmetros superfície, parênquima, veias internas e índice esplênico. A totalização de pontos classificou os participantes nos padrões fino -80% no grupo central e 100% no grupo controle - heterogêneo -13,3% no grupo central e 0% no grupo controle - e nodular-6,7% no grupo central e 0% no grupo controle, demonstrando diferença estatística significante. Não foram observados em participantes de ambos os grupos achados de nódulos, massas, ascite, aumento de calibre das veias porta e esplênica e circulação colateral, podendo-se aventar que o predomínio da faixa etária mais jovem na população de pré-doadores pode ter minimizado os achados dos marcadores ecográficos, haja vista a tendência evolutiva lenta e silenciosa da infecção pelo VHC, com expressão tardia das alterações morfológicas de hepatite crônica, cirrose e carcinoma hepatocelular.

Análise morfológica das células de Langerhans purificadas da epiderme de camundongo Balb/c, após interação in vitro com Leishania (Viannia) brasiliensis e Leishamania (Leishmania) amazonensis

Células de Langerhans (CL) são células apresentadoras de antígenos, MHC classe II positivas, que constituem 2 a 3% de todas as células da epiderme, e que têm demonstrado serem estimuladoras de uma resposta vigorosa de linfócitos T contra Leishmania major. A leishmanionse cutânea do Novo Mundo é causada por diferentes espécies, apresentando formas clínicas diversas variando de leishmaniose cutânea difusa anérgica. Utilizando a técnica de "panning", CL da epiderme de comundongos BALB/c foram purificadas para em torno de 95% de pureza (pCL) em relação à outras células da epiderme. As CL recentemente isoladas apresentaram dentritos pequenos e delicados e os clássicos grânulos de Birbeck. Tem sido sugerido que os parasitos do subgênero Viannia e Leishmania, que são geneticamente bastante distintos, podem ter respostas espécie-específicas na resposta imune celular. Neste estudo, pCL e L. (V.) brasilienses ou L. (L.) amazonensis foram cultivadas e a morfologia das CL foi analizada após 12 ou 36 h de cultura. Utilizando a coloração de Giemsa e a microscopia eletrônica de varredura, alterações morfológicas diferentes foram detectadas nas CL após 12 h de cultivo nas duas culturas, CL e L. (V.) brasiliensis ou CL e L. (L.) amazonensis. Depois da interação com L. (V.) brasiliensis as CL tornaram-se mais dentríticas, que eram mais curtos quando comparados às CL cultivadas isoladamente. Em contraste, após a interação com L. (L.) amazonensis, as CL tornaram-se arredondadas com algumas células mostrando alguns dendritos. Além disto, verificou-se um contato íntimo entre o flagelo das prostigota com as CL, mas sem observar a fagocitose das leishmanias após 12 ou 36 h de cultivo, o que é diferente dos relatos da literatura com CL e L. major. Estes resultados sugerem que a resposta imune primária das CL contra as diferentes espécies de leishamania podem ser distintas de acordo com a espécie envolvida no processo de interação.

Estudo in vitro da infectividade de espécies de Leishmania do subgênero Viannia em macrófagos peritoneais de camundongo BALB/c

Os parasitos do gênero Leishmania apresentam variações de infectividade intra e inter específicas. Entretanto, são escassas as informações a respeito da infectividade das espécies de Leishmania do Novo Mundo, principalmente, daquelas encontradas na região Amazônica brasileira, onde, até o presente momento são conhecidas seis espécies pertencentes ao subgênero Viannia causadoras de LTA. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar, in vitro, o comportamento da infectividade de 5 espécies de Leishmania do subgênero Viannia em macrófagos peritoneais de camundongos BALB/c e sua correlação com a produção de óxido nítrico pelos macrófagos infectados. Trinta cepas de Leishmania foram distribuídas em seis grupos iguais, de acordo com as espécies seguintes: I- L. (V) braziliensis/LCL, II- L. (V) braziliensis/LCM, III- L. (V) guyanensis, IV- L. (V) shawi, V -L. (V) naiffi e VI- L. (V) lainsoni. As cepas foram cultivadas em meio RPMI suplementado com 10% de soro bovino fetal e 1% de penicilina-gentamicina, até atingir a fase estacionária de cultivo, quando foram usadas para infectar macrófagos na proporção de 4 parasitos/macrófago. As culturas foram incubadas a 35°C e 5% de CO2 e após 24h, as lamínulas foram coradas com Giemsa para contagem do número de parasitos e determinação do índice de infecção, enquanto a concentração de NO (nitrito) foi calculada pelo método de Griess. Observou-se que as cepas de L. (V) braziliensis/LCM apresentaram o maior índice de infecção (385), sendo este significativamente maior (P<0,005) que as cepas de L. (V) braziliensis/LCL (264), L. (V) naiffi (215) e L. (V) lainsoni (272), porém, não significativamente maior que os índices das espécies L. (V) shawi (292) e L. (V) guyanensis (300). Quanto aos níveis de NO (nitrito), detectou-se maior concentração para a espécie L. (V) naiffi (4,1µM e menor concentração para as cepas de L. (V) braziliensis/LCM (2,15µM). As demais espécies tiveram concentrações de: L. (v:) lainsom (3,14µM), L. (V) shawi (2,96µM), L. (V) guyanensis (2,76µM) e cepas de L. (V) braziliensis/LCL (3,1µM). Diante do exposto, concluímos que cepas de L. (V) braziliensis/LCM são mais infectivas do que as demais espécies estudadas e, também, mais infectivas que cepas homólogas isoladas de casos clínicos de LCL. Além disso, observou-se menor infectividade da espécie L. (V) naiffi. Desse modo, notou-se que os níveis de NO produzidos pelos macrófagos infectados foram inversamente proporcionais ao grau do parasitismo.

Influência da temperatura final do ciclo de aquecimento do revestimento na fluidez e na resistência à tração do Ti c.p. e da liga Ti-6AI-4V

Pós-graduação em Reabilitação Oral - FOAR

Variability of the subtropical shelf front off eastern South America: Winter 2003 and summer 2004

Hydrographic data collected during surveys carried out in austral winter 2003 and summer 2004 are used to analyze the distributions of temperature (T) and salinity (S) over the continental shelf and slope of eastern South America between 27 degrees S and 39 degrees S. The water mass structure and the characteristics of the transition between subantarctic and subtropical shelf water (STSW), referred to as the subtropical shelf front (STSF), as revealed by the vertical structure of temperature and salinity are discussed. During both surveys, the front intensifies downward and extends southwestward from the near coastal zone at 33 degrees S to the shelf break at 36 degrees S. In austral winter subantarctic shelf water (SASW), derived from the northern Patagonia shelf, forms a vertically coherent cold wedge of low salinity waters that locally separate the outer shelf STSW from the fresher inner shelf Plata Plume Water (PPW) derived from the Rio de la Plata. Winter T-S diagrams and cross-shelf T and S distributions indicate that mixtures of PPW and tropical water only occur beyond the northernmost extent of pure SASW, and form STSW and an inverted thermocline characteristic of this region. In summer 2004, dilution of Tropical water (TW) occurs at two distinct levels: a warm near surface layer, associated to PPW-TW mixtures, similar to but significantly warmer than winter STSW, and a colder (T similar to 16 degrees C) salinity minimum layer at 40-50 m depth, created by SASW-STSW mixtures across the STSF. In winter, the salinity distribution controls the density structure creating a cross-shore density gradient, which prevents isopycnal mixing across the STSF. Temperature stratification in summer induces a sharp pycnocline providing cross-shelf isopycnal connections across the STSF. Cooling and freshening of the upper layer observed at stations collected along the western edge of the Brazil Current suggest offshore export of shelf waters. Low T and S filaments, evident along the shelf break in the winter data, suggest that submesoscale eddies may enhance the property exchange across the shelf break. These observations suggest that as the subsurface shelf waters converge at the STSF, they flow southward along the front and are expelled offshore, primarily along the front axis. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Collection of Pollen Grains by Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata Smith (Apidae: Centridini): Is C. tarsata an Oligolectic or Polylectic Species?

Lia Goncalves, Claudia Ines da Silva, and Maria Luisa Tunes Buschini (2012) Collection of pollen grains by Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata Smith (Apidae: Centridini): Is C. tarsata an oligolectic or polylectic species? Zoological Studies 51(2): 195-203. Among pollinator species, bees play a prominent role in maintaining biodiversity because they are responsible, on average, for 80% of angiosperm pollination in tropical regions. The species richness of the bee genus Centris is high in South America. In Brazil, these bees occur in many types of ecosystems. Centris tarsata is an endemic species occurring only in Brazil. No previous studies considered interactions between plants and this bee species in southern Brazil, where it is the most abundant trap-nesting bee. Accordingly, the goals of this study were to investigate plants used by this species for its larval food supply and determine if this bee is polylectic or oligolectic in this region. This work was conducted in the Parque Municipal das Araucarias, Guarapuava (PR), southern Brazil, from Mar. 2002 to Dec. 2003. Samples of pollen were collected from nests of these bees and from flowering plants in grassland and swamp areas where the nests were built. All of the samples were treated with acetolysis to obtain permanent slides. The family Solanaceae was visited most often (71%). Solanum americanum Mill. (28.6%) and Sol. variabile Mart. (42.4%) were the primary pollen sources for C. tarsata in the study area. We found that although C. tarsata visited 20 species of plants, it preferred Solanum species with poricidal anthers and pollen grains with high protein levels. This selective behavior by females of C. tarsata indicates that these bees are oligolectic in their larval provisioning in this region of southern Brazil. http://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/51.2/195.pdf

FTIR and SEM analysis of CO2 laser irradiated human enamel

Objectives: Considering the enamel chemical structure, especially carbonate band, which has a major role in the caries prevention, the objective of the present study was to assess the chemical alterations on the enamel irradiated with CO2 laser by means of FTIR spectroscopy and SEM analysis. Design: The enamel surfaces were analysed on a spectrometer for acquisition of the absorption spectrum relative to the chemical composition of the control sample. The irradiation was conducted with a 10.6-mu m CO2 laser (0.55 W, 660 W/cm(2)). The carbonate absorption band at 1600-1291 cm(-1) as well as the water absorption band at 3793-2652 cm(-1) was measured in each sample after the irradiation. The water band was measured again 24-h after the irradiation. The band area of each chemical compound was delimited, the background was subtracted, and the area under each band was integrated. Each area was normalized by the phosphate band (1190-702 cm(-1)). Results: There was a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the water content after irradiation (control: 0.184 +/- 0.04; irradiated: 0.078 +/- 0.026), which increased again after rehydration (0.145 +/- 0.038). The carbonate/phosphate ratio was measured initially (0.112 +/- 0.029) and its reduction after irradiation indicated the carbonate loss (0.088 +/- 0.014) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The 10.6-mu m CO2 laser irradiation diminishes the carbonate and water contents in the enamel after irradiation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Serological detection of Plasmodium vivax malaria using recombinant proteins corresponding to the 19-kDa C-terminal region of the merozoite surface protein-1

Abstract Background Serological tests to detect antibodies specific to Plasmodium vivax could be a valuable tool for epidemiological studies, for screening blood donors in areas where the malaria is not endemic and for diagnosis of infected individuals. Because P. vivax cannot be easily obtained in vitro, ELISA assays using total or semi-purified antigens are rarely used. Based on this limitation, we tested whether recombinant proteins representing the 19 kDa C-terminal region of the merozoite surface protein-1 of P. vivax (MSP119) could be useful for serological detection of malaria infection. Methods Three purified recombinant proteins produced in Escherichia coli (GST-MSP119, His6-MSP119 and His6-MSP119-PADRE) and one in Pichia pastoris (yMSP119-PADRE) were compared for their ability to bind to IgG antibodies of individuals with patent P. vivax infection. The method was tested with 200 serum samples collected from individuals living in the north of Brazil in areas endemic for malaria, 53 serum samples from individuals exposed to Plasmodium falciparum infection and 177 serum samples from individuals never exposed to malaria. Results Overall, the sensitivity of the ELISA assessed with sera from naturally infected individuals was 95%. The proportion of serum samples that reacted with recombinant proteins GST-MSP119, His6-MSP119, His6-MSP119-PADRE and yMSP119-PADRE was 90%, 93.5%, 93.5% and 93.5%, respectively. The specificity values of the ELISA determined with sera from healthy individuals and from individuals with other infectious diseases were 98.3% (GST-MSP119), 97.7% (His6-MSP119 and His6-MSP119-PADRE) or 100% (yMSP119-PADRE). Conclusions Our study demonstrated that for the Brazilian population, an ELISA using a recombinant protein of the MSP119 can be used as the basis for the development of a valuable serological assay for the detection of P. vivax malaria.

Vitamin C and Vitamin E in Prevention of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Choline Deficient Diet Fed Rats

Abstract Aim Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Vitamin C and vitamin E are known to react with reactive oxygen species (ROS) blocking the propagation of radical reactions in a wide range of oxidative stress situations. The potential therapeutic efficacy of antioxidants in NAFLD is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of antioxidant drugs (vitamin C or vitamin E) in its prevention. Methods Fatty liver disease was induced in Wistar rats by choline-deficient diet for four weeks. The rats were randomly assigned to receive vitamin E (n = 6) – (200 mg/day), vitamin C (n = 6) (30 mg/Kg/day) or vehicle orally. Results In the vehicle and vitamin E-treated rats, there were moderate macro and microvesicular fatty changes in periportal area without inflammatory infiltrate or fibrosis. Scharlach stain that used for a more precise identification of fatty change was strong positive. With vitamin C, there was marked decrease in histological alterations. Essentially, there was no liver steatosis, only hepatocellular ballooning. Scharlach stain was negative. The lucigenin-enhanced luminescence was reduced with vitamin C (1080 ± 330 cpm/mg/minx103) as compared to those Vitamin E and control (2247 ± 790; 2020 ± 407 cpm/mg/minx103, respectively) (p < 0.05). Serum levels of aminotransferases were unaltered by vitamin C or vitamin E. Conclusions 1) Vitamin C reduced oxidative stress and markedly inhibited the development of experimental liver steatosis induced by choline-deficient diet ; 2)Vitamin E neither prevented the development of fatty liver nor reduced the oxidative stress in this model.

Barshalder 1 : A cemetery in Grötlingbo and Fide parishes, Gotland, Sweden, c. AD 1-1100. Excavations and finds 1826-1971

The prehistoric cemetery of Barshalder is located along the main road on the boundary between Grötlingbo and Fide parishes, near the southern end of the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea. The cemetery was used from c. AD 1-1100. The level of publication in Swedish archaeology of the first millennium AD is low compared to, for instance, the British and German examples. Gotland’s rich Iron Age cemeteries have long been intensively excavated, but few have received monographic treatment. This publication is intended to begin filling this gap and to raise the empirical level of the field. It also aims to make explicit and test the often somewhat intuitively conceived results of much previous research. The analyses deal mainly with the Migration (AD 375–540), Vendel (AD 520–790) and Late Viking (AD 1000–1150) Periods. The following lines of inquiry have been prioritised. 1. Landscape history, i.e. placing the cemetery in a landscape-historical context. (Vol. 1, section 2.2.6) 2. Migration Period typochronology, i.e. the study of change in the grave goods. (Vol. 2, chapter 2) 3. Social roles: gender, age and status. (Vol. 2, chapter 3) 4. Religious identity in the 11th century, i.e. the study of religious indicators in mortuary customs and grave goods, with particular emphasis on the relationship between Scandinavian paganism and Christianity.. (Vol. 2, chapter 4) Barshalder is found to have functioned as a central cemetery for the surrounding area, located on peripheral land far away from contemporary settlement, yet placed on a main road along the coast for maximum visibility and possibly near a harbour. Computer supported correspondence analysis and seriation are used to study the gender attributes among the grave goods and the chronology of the burials. New methodology is developed to distinguish gender-neutral attributes from transgressed gender attributes. Sub-gender grouping due to age and status is explored. An independent modern chronology system with rigorous type definitions is established for the Migration Period of Gotland. Recently published chronology systems for the Vendel and Viking Periods are critically reviewed, tested and modified to produce more solid models. Social stratification is studied through burial wealth with a quantitative method, and the results are tested through juxtaposition with several other data types. The Late Viking Period graves of the late 10th and 11th centuries are studied in relation to the contemporary Christian graves at the churchyards. They are found to be symbolically soft-spoken and unobtrusive, with all pagan attributes kept apart from the body in a space between the feet of the deceased and the end of the over-long inhumation trench. A small number of pagan reactionary graves with more forceful symbolism are however also identified. The distribution of different 11th century cemetery types across the island is used to interpret the period’s confessional geography, the scale of social organisation and the degree of allegiance to western and eastern Christianity. 11th century society on Gotland is found to have been characterised by religious tolerance, by an absence of central organisation and by slow piecemeal Christianisation.

Variación de la comunidad de "Alsidium corallinum" C. Agardh y sus epífitos en Pozo Izquierdo, Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophycota)

ABSTRACT: The community of Alsidium corallinum C Agardh has been studied in Punta Gaviota and Punta del Corral zones (Pozo Izquierdo, Gran Canaria) during an annual cycle. The annual variation of thallus size were analized, resulting that the biggest thallus weregrowing in autumn and smallest were growing in spring. 36 epiphytics species were identified: 18 belong to Rhodophycota, 8 belong to Chromophycota and 10 Chlorophycota. During the spring and summer there were more epiphytic species presentas well as their covering were the highest. RESUMEN: Se estudiaron las poblaciones de Alsidiunz coralli~zumC . Agardh en las zonas de Punta Gaviota y Punta del Corral (Pozo Izquierdo, Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias), a lo largo de un ciclo anual. Se analizo la variación anual de la talla de los talos, siendo ésta mínima en primavera y máxima en otoño-invierno. Se reconocieron un total de 36 especies epífitas, 18 de las cuales pertenecen a la división Rhodophycota, 8 a la división Chromophycota y 10 a la división Chlorophycota. Los talos presentaron mayor número de especies epífitas en primavera-verano, así como una mayor cobertura por parte de las mismas. Asimismo se observó una mayor decoloración de los talos coincidente con la época del año en que la presencia de epífitos es mínima.