Patroas e meninas; afilhadas e madrinhas: gênero e raça como conteúdos de análise sobre a efetividade social do Decreto-Lei n.º 6.481, de 12 de junho de 2008, nas relações de trabalhoinfantil doméstico

Para dar voz e rosto aos sujeitos, considerando-os protagonistas de suas histórias, é preciso ouvi-los em escuta ativa: dialogar com suas histórias de vida. As falas coletados na pesquisa empírica oportunizaram a construção da categoria heurística como filhas, da qual abstraio, ao longo deste estudo, algumas possibilidades hermenêuticas. Os instrumentais interpretativos acolhidos neste trabalho sinalizam para algumas possibilidades de compreensão acerca da prática de exploração de meninas nos serviços domésticos. Esta prática, hoje ilegal no Brasil – podendo importar em crime contra a organização do trabalho, pela vigência do Decreto-Lei n.º 6.481, de 12 de junho de 2008, que regulamenta os arts. 3.º, alínea d, e 4.º da Convenção n.º 182 da OIT –, é proibida para menores de 18 anos. Contudo, as normativas legais e as políticas institucionais de enfrentamento não são óbices à formulação de novos discursos para velhas sociabilidades excludentes e estigmatizantes da mulher negra, principal mão-de-obra explorada nos serviços domésticos. Rediscutindo categorias, problematizando nomenclaturas e articulando a interlocução entre os atores envolvidos nesta prática, empreendo a tarefa de dar-lhes visibilidade social.

Eletrodos nanoestruturados de 'TI' 'O IND.2' aplicados na degradação fotoeletrocatalítica de aminas aromáticas e desenvolvimento de dispositivo fotovoltaico 'TI 'O IND.2' / 'SB IND.2' 'S IND.3' / 'P3' 'HT'

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Possíveis relações entre avaliação e sistemas apostilados privados em escolas públicas

Este trabalho parte da tendência já verificada em estudo anterior de ampliação das parcerias entre a esfera pública e privada na educação e tem como objetivo discutir uma das modalidades identificadas, a ampliação da adoção de sistemas apostilados privados em escolas públicas municipais e as possíveis relações com os sistemas de avaliação externos. A partir dos dados disponíveis no banco de dados do Grupo Estudos e Pesquisa em Políticas Educacionais – GREPPE discute-se como um dos principais fatores para o crescimento da adoção de sistemas apostilados, a busca das escolas e municípios em melhorar os resultados nos sistemas de avaliações, e, portanto, a centralidade dos sistemas de avaliações nas políticas educacionais. Aponta-se, ainda, para a contradição entre o caminho que vinha sendo trilhado, no sentido de ampliação da autonomia e democratização da gestão escolar e a adoção de sistemas privados de ensino, bem como suas possíveis implicações para a organização do trabalho pedagógico das escolas.

Função do diretor na escola pública paulista: mudanças e permanências

This essay is intended for an analysis of the principal's duties in São Paulo State school, considering the conceptions of Administration specialists, Education professionals and the legal directives pertinent to the State government. It was interesting the procedures of rereading and analyzing of the literature of the area; the survey and analysis of legal documents which, direct or indirectly, concern the principal's duty and the accomplishment, transcription and analysis of half elaborated interviews with administrators and teachers. At the end of this research, it was found some contradictions in the conception of School Administration like it is diffused in different contexts, which anyway reflects the conceptions of the respondents.

Ponto fixo: uma introdução no ensino médio

Pós-graduação em Matemática em Rede Nacional - IBILCE

A evolução histórica da ergonomia no mundo e seus pioneiros

Os conceitos e aplicações da ergonomia estão em constante discussão no âmbito acadêmico, caracterizando um corpus de conhecimento de grande expressividade para a própria ciência ergonômica e demais áreas tecnológicas correlatas, a saber: engenharias, design, arquitetura, e outras. Entre as demandas para ampliar as análises em torno dessa disciplina apresenta-se sua evolução histórica, a qual está completa de controvérsias e discussões. De fato, há ainda uma grande dificuldade em relatar suas etapas históricas dentro do âmbito geográfico e a participação de seus precursores nessas fases. Assim, o propósito dessa coletânea foi o de reunir os estudos realizados pelos alunos da linha de pesquisa ergonomia, associados ao Laboratório de Ergonomia e Interfaces - LEI, no Programa de Pós-graduação em Design - PPGDesign, da Faculdade de Arquitetura, Artes e Comunicação da Universidade Estadual Paulista, e apresentar subsídios para ampliação da discussão e reflexão evolutiva da ergonomia. Os primeiros capítulos relatam os precursores da ergonomia, com destaque para Leonardo da Vinci e seus estudos na área da anatomia; Bélidor, Patissier e suas contribuições para a organização do trabalho; o Taylorismo e os aspectos da organização científica do trabalho, bem como a contribuição de Jules Amar nesse âmbito. Os demais capítulos abordam a origem e evolução da ergonomia na Europa, na Rússia (ex URSS), Estados Unidos da América, América Latina e Brasil, com ênfase a criação de laboratórios e associações não governamentais. De modo geral, os estudos ora apresentados preenchem lacunas ainda existentes dentro da ergonomia e procuram estabelecer um elo de ligação para a continuidade futura das pesquisas na área

Educação Profissional e Ideologia das Competências: Elementos para uma Crítica da Nova Pedagogia Empresarial sob a Mundialização do Capital

This article aims to address the relationship between work and professional education, specifically the ideology skills and the new pedagogy business under the globalization of capital. Is analyzed at first, the world-historical context, the restructuring of the productive and political capital from the 1970s, and the demand for a new organization of work based on model Toyota. Second, discuss such changes are productive within the Brazilian state and its influence on educational policies geared to work, permeated by the ideology skills as an instrument that seeks to obscure the relationshipcapital. It discusses the emergence of new education business connected to the ideals of human capital. It is the influence of international organizations in Brazil of the United Nations (UN) and the United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture (UNESCO), aimed at articulating the education according to the ideological aspect global, verified legislative apparatus in education. Ends up not only to reflect the content of the skills ideology, but it is suggested the redemption value of the denied promise of emancipation human-general.

Estudo da acessibilidade aos sítios ativos e desativação na desidratação do glicerol utilizando catalisadores zeolíticos lamelares

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Fora do eixo: paradigma informacional e princípios solidários

Este trabalho busca os pontos de intersecção entre a Revolução das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação e a Economia Solidária, que propuseram um cenário novo à produção cultural, utilizando como foco de estudo uma iniciativa de produção cultural em rede colaborativa e autogerida: o Circuito Fora do Eixo. Partindo da influência mútua, a análise demonstra como o paradigma informacional potencializou os princípios solidários, com mudanças que ocorreram no âmbito do trabalho e da produção material, assim como transformações que se estabeleceram nas relações sociais e na subjetividade. E como os princípios solidários intervieram no paradigma informacional, possibilitando a produção de tecnologias abertas

Abordagem dos maus tratos na infância por unidades de saúde da família

The goal of this study was to apprehend conceptualizations and professional experiences concerning child maltreatment as reported by physicians and nurses working for the Family Health Strategy implemented in a medium-sized city in São Paulo state. It is a descriptive qualitative study in which 20 professionals were included and semi-structured taped interviews were used. The data obtained were analyzed according to the Collective Subject Discourse and systematized into five themes: Conceptualizations of child maltreatment; Professional training to work in this field; Professional experiences related to such aggravations; Difficult and easy aspects faced during care provision to child maltreatment in the Family Health Strategy; Proposals to promote child safety. It was concluded that care provision to such aggravation types by family health units is configured as an important strategy to promote child safety and support families in relation to this issue. However, it was observed that, in order to qualify professionals for such care provision, it is necessary to invest in continuing education for the multiprofessional team. Also, municipal policies concerning care provision to child abuse, particularly in the organization of integrated work of the health care, education, social welfare and justice sectors must be urgently established by actively including the general society in such process

Uso do método de Monte Carlo para simulação e detecção do espectro de raios-X gerado com feixes de elétrons em alvo de Molibdênio, utilizando o Geant4

The huge demand for procedures involving ionizing radiation promotes the need for safe methods of experimentation considering the danger of their biological e ects with consequent risk to humans. Brazilian's legislation prohibits experiments involving this type of radiation in humans through Decree 453 of Ministry of Health with determines that such procedures comply with the principles of justi cation, optimization and dose limitation. In this line, concurrently with the advancement of available computer processing power, computing simulations have become relevant in those situations where experimental procedures are too cost or impractical. The Monte Carlo method, created along the Manhattan Project duringWorldWar II, is a powerful strategy to simulations in computational physics. In medical physics, this technique has been extensively used with applications in diagnostics and cancer treatment. The objective of this work is to simulate the production and detection of X-rays for the energy range of diagnostic radiology, for molybdenum target, using the Geant4 toolkit. X-ray tubes with this kind of target material are used in diagnostic radiology, speci cally in mammography, one of the most used techniques for screening of breast cancer in women. During the simulations, we used di erent models for bremsstrahlung available in physical models for low energy, in situations already covered by the literature in earlier versions of Geant4. Our results show that although the physical situations seems qualitatively adequate, quantitative comparisons to available analytical data shows aws in the code of Geant4 Low Energy source

Economia solidária e tecnologias sociais: mediação para a emancipação social de grupos autogestionários

The goal of this paper is to critically analyze the practices developed by Solidarity Economy and to merge them with social technologies, aiming to achieve social transformation of popular groups. This transformation consists in the empowerment of those groups in means of work organization, considering their self-management and also the development of techniques and technologies utilized. Based on the understanding that technical development has no neutral character and it follows linearity within society, a discussion around the forms and uses of technology is conducted here, aiming at the perspective of changes in technologies’ development and also assigning social character to them. To think of social technology requires us to consider the space in which it is inserted, once it refers to a collective demand that belongs to self-managed groups. Therefore, to intent beyond self-management work, new productive forces are discussed here, and also the analysis and adhesion of an alternative technology for popular cooperatives

Estudo comparativo de dois tipos de painéis de MDP: com adição de papel impregnado e lâminas de bambu

This work is the production of two types of particle boards reconstructed MDP (Medium Density Particleboard), the first with the addition, in the inner layer of particles of impregnated paper, the ratios of 0%, 1%, 5% and 20 %. In the second type of panel MDP was inserted with blades of bamboo species Dendrocalumus giganteus as coatings and structural reinforcement. The MDP panel, used as a basis for both cases has the composition of three layers, two external particles with smaller particle size and an inner layer composed of particles of larger particle sizes. Assays were performed based on physical and mechanical NBR 14.810/2006 for the determination of the board density, thickness swelling, water absorption, moisture content, bending, tension parallel and perpendicular, and testing of particle sizes of the particles did not exists in standard references. The results were analyzed and compared the results of the commercial boards made from 100% eucalyptus, based on the limits specified by the ABNT NBR 14.810/2006. The values of the tests showed similar results indicating normative specifications in a positive way, the possibility of production of MDP with the use of waste paper impregnated. As for the panel with bamboo blades, the tests showed a mechanical performance far superior to MDP market, explaining the study and possible implementation of the bamboo for use where the MDP will suffer greater mechanical stress, such as doors, tops and benches tables

Otimização de custo no processo de fabricação de mangueira hidráulica

A large part of hydraulic hoses is produced on a mandrel. The mandrel has longer length and circular profile being produced by extrusion of polyamide polymer, which in this case is imported, then the process is depending on the import process, which entails high shipping costs and fees. This work studies the production of recycled mandrel, using the mandrel that is out of dimensional to produce hoses. After the production of recycled mandrel mechanical tensile and hardness were performed both in the natural and recycled mandrel to compare them. It was observed that recycled mandrel presents the tensile properties and hardness superior to natural mandrel. Thus, this work will directly impact the company`s business ultimately reducing costs, reducing waste and reducing environmental impacts

Ser professor no século XXI: notas para uma discussão política

Among living beings, the human species is distinguished by the need to produce material and intentionally its existence through labor, an important part of a process of humanization. However, in the current historical conditions, the work does not meet the vital needs of the vast majority, as they do not owned what they produce, they do not realize as humans beings in work activity, they dehumanize themselves. Since, even in such conditions, continue to work everyday, we ask ourselves how they support the condition in which they live. As the decision of the historical men are defined by the education process they experienced, we question whether the schooling that take places in capitalist public school has the purpose of developing an instruction in the working class graduating to be exploited at work throughout life, consenting to be bound of the relationships use of themselves by others, multiple determinate, while they are adapted to a life without the products work. Our hypothesis is that to make this education project, the public school needed to assimilate the scientific management, developed by Frederyck Taylor, in the pedagogical organization. We based on dialectical and historical materialism, which we established the public school environment as reproducing the class struggle, highlighting the teacher work. The research was conducted in a Bauru’s public school, where teachers answered questionnaires that were used to analyze the formulated hypothesis