Informe sobre l'XI Congrés d'Arxivística de Catalunya: "Innovació i desenvolupament professional" (la Seu d'Urgell, 10, 11 i 12 de maig de 2007)

Els dies 10, 11 i 12 de maig de 2007 l'Associació d'Arxivers de Catalunya (AAC) ha celebrat a la Seu d'Urgell les jornades dels arxivers catalans. Enguany, però, no han estat les "onzenes jornades" sinó que l'organització les ha convertides en "congrés", l'onzè, tot i ser el primer que rep aquesta denominació. Amb el títol "Innovació i desenvolupament professional", l'organització ha plantejat la reunió professional amb un extens objectiu: "conèixer, debatre i intercanviar experiències i continguts entorn de: la implantació de les ISO, la formació professional de l'arxiu, el desenvolupament professional davant de les tecnologies de la informació, els estàndards internacionals per intercanviar informació i el paper del servei d'arxiu com a centre per a la difusió i recuperació de la memòria del país".

Addressing elementary school teachers' professional stressors: Practical suggestions for schools and adminstrators

Purpose: Given the preponderance of education reform since the No Child Left Behind Act (U.S. Department of Education, 2001), reform efforts have shaped the nature of the work and culture in schools. The emphasis on standardized testing to determine schools' status and student performance, among other factors, has generated stress, particularly for teachers. Therefore, district and school administrators are encouraged to consider the contextual factors that contribute to teacher stress to address them and to retain high-performing teachers. Research Methods/Approach: Participants were recruited from two types of schools in order to test hypotheses related to directional responding as a function of working in a more challenging (high-priority) or less challenging (non-high-priority) school environment. We employed content analysis to analyze 64 suburban elementary school teachers' free-responses to a prompt regarding their stress as teachers. We cross-analyzed our findings through external auditing to bolster trustworthiness in the data and in the procedure. Findings: Teachers reported personal and contextual stressors. Herein, we reported concrete examples of the five categories of contextual stressors teachers identified: political and educational structures, instructional factors, student factors, parent and family factors, and school climate. We found directional qualities and overlapping relationships in the data, partially confirming our hypotheses. Implications for Research and Practice: We offer specific recommendations for practical ways in which school administrators might systemically address teacher stress based on the five categories of stressors reported by participants. We also suggest means of conducting action research to measure the effects of implemented suggestions.

Mudanças de volume devido à variação do teor de água em um vertissolo no semiárido de Pernambuco

A instabilidade volumétrica de solos devido à mudança no teor de água é complexa e influenciada por vários fatores, entre os quais se incluem o tipo de solo, condicionantes climáticos e estados de tensão. Os Vertissolos estão entre os solos que experimentam mudança de volume, sendo uma de suas principais características morfológicas os slickensides, resultantes da sua capacidade de se contrair e fissurar com o ressecamento e se expandir com o umedecimento. Os solos que variam de volume, quando inundados por água, demandam cuidado extra, independentemente do uso que se quer dar a eles: agropecuário, para obra de engenharia ou ambos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de ensaios edométricos simples e duplos com diferentes valores de umidade inicial e tensões externas aplicadas, a variação do volume e da tensão de expansão do solo, devido à mudança do teor de água, em um Vertissolo coletado no município de Petrolândia-PE. A tensão de expansão foi avaliada por seis métodos distintos. Os resultados mostram que a expansão, contração ou colapso do solo dependem do teor de umidade inicial e da tensão externa aplicada. A tensão de expansão é influenciada pelo caminho de tensão aplicado. As variações de volume, com o tempo, devido ao processo de mudança de umidade do solo, podem ser de expansão, expansão e colapso e só de colapso ou contração. Conclui-se que a variação de volume, devido à variação do teor de água, está associada à condição inicial em que se encontra o solo e àquela a que será submetido.

Mudanças na matéria orgânica do solo causadas pelo tempo de adoção de um sistema agrossilvopastoril com eucalipto

Sistemas agrossilvopastoris (SASPs) representam práticas de manejo agroflorestal que têm como principal objetivo permitir maior diversidade e sustentabilidade do sistema. A matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) é uma das principais propriedades indicadoras da sustentabilidade de um sistema de cultivo, principalmente em solos sob condições tropicais. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram estudar o impacto dos SASPs de cultivo do eucalipto em diferentes frações de C e N da MOS ao longo do tempo. Para isso, foi amostrada uma cronossequência composta por seis tempos de implantação dos SASPs. O tempo zero foi representado pela área de referência (Cerrado), e os demais, com dois, três, quatro, sete e 10 anos de implantação. Foram coletadas amostras de solo das camadas de 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-60 e 60-100 cm, na linha e na entrelinha de cultivo do eucalipto. Foi feita a caracterização física e química desses solos, assim como as determinações de C orgânico total (COT), N total (NT), C na matéria orgânica leve (MOL), N na MOL e C oxidável por permanganato de potássio, como uma medida de labilidade do C (CL). A partir desses dados foram calculados o IMC CL, que é um Índice de Manejo do C, e o IMC CMOL, que é uma modificação do índice original. O estoque total de C orgânico no solo (COS) (0-100 cm) na linha de plantio do eucalipto foi mantido ao longo do tempo, enquanto na entrelinha houve tendência de perda inicial de C, sem que esses estoques retornassem aos valores originais (Cerrado) no final do décimo e último ano estudado. O estoque total de N mostrou comportamento semelhante na linha e na entrelinha de cultivo do eucalipto. Após perda inicial acentuada de N, houve tendência de acúmulo desse elemento ao longo do tempo de implantação dos SASPs. Contudo, esse acúmulo não foi sustentável e, ao final do período estudado, esses valores eram menores que os originais. A fração da MOL foi a que apresentou as maiores alterações, confirmando sua sensibilidade a alterações de manejo. As perdas de C e N da MOL também foram maiores para a entrelinha de plantio de eucalipto do que para a linha. O C lábil (CL), assim como o índice calculado a partir dele (IMC CL), não possibilitou ajustes dos seus resultados como variável do tempo de implantação dos SASPs. Entretanto, o IMC modificado, calculado a partir do C da MOL (IMC CMOL), apresentou bons ajustes para todas as camadas estudadas; além disso, apresentou correlação mais elevada com o COT, mostrando-se mais indicado para a comparação dos sistemas de manejo estudados. Pôde-se perceber a importância de estudar camadas mais profundas do solo, já que elas podem apresentar perdas de C significativas e de difícil recuperação. A implantação dos SASPs acarretou diminuição dos estoques de COT das camadas superficiais, e o tempo necessário para a recuperação dos estoques originais ficou além do período máximo estudado. A fração mais sensível ao manejo adotado foi a MOL livre.

Computer-generated reminders delivered on paper to healthcare professionals; effects on professional practice and health care outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Clinical practice does not always reflect best practice and evidence, partly because of unconscious acts of omission, information overload, or inaccessible information. Reminders may help clinicians overcome these problems by prompting the doctor to recall information that they already know or would be expected to know and by providing information or guidance in a more accessible and relevant format, at a particularly appropriate time. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of reminders automatically generated through a computerized system and delivered on paper to healthcare professionals on processes of care (related to healthcare professionals' practice) and outcomes of care (related to patients' health condition). SEARCH METHODS: For this update the EPOC Trials Search Co-ordinator searched the following databases between June 11-19, 2012: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Cochrane Library (Economics, Methods, and Health Technology Assessment sections), Issue 6, 2012; MEDLINE, OVID (1946- ), Daily Update, and In-process; EMBASE, Ovid (1947- ); CINAHL, EbscoHost (1980- ); EPOC Specialised Register, Reference Manager, and INSPEC, Engineering Village. The authors reviewed reference lists of related reviews and studies.  SELECTION CRITERIA: We included individual or cluster-randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled trials (NRCTs) that evaluated the impact of computer-generated reminders delivered on paper to healthcare professionals on processes and/or outcomes of care. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Review authors working in pairs independently screened studies for eligibility and abstracted data. We contacted authors to obtain important missing information for studies that were published within the last 10 years. For each study, we extracted the primary outcome when it was defined or calculated the median effect size across all reported outcomes. We then calculated the median absolute improvement and interquartile range (IQR) in process adherence across included studies using the primary outcome or median outcome as representative outcome. MAIN RESULTS: In the 32 included studies, computer-generated reminders delivered on paper to healthcare professionals achieved moderate improvement in professional practices, with a median improvement of processes of care of 7.0% (IQR: 3.9% to 16.4%). Implementing reminders alone improved care by 11.2% (IQR 6.5% to 19.6%) compared with usual care, while implementing reminders in addition to another intervention improved care by 4.0% only (IQR 3.0% to 6.0%) compared with the other intervention. The quality of evidence for these comparisons was rated as moderate according to the GRADE approach. Two reminder features were associated with larger effect sizes: providing space on the reminder for provider to enter a response (median 13.7% versus 4.3% for no response, P value = 0.01) and providing an explanation of the content or advice on the reminder (median 12.0% versus 4.2% for no explanation, P value = 0.02). Median improvement in processes of care also differed according to the behaviour the reminder targeted: for instance, reminders to vaccinate improved processes of care by 13.1% (IQR 12.2% to 20.7%) compared with other targeted behaviours. In the only study that had sufficient power to detect a clinically significant effect on outcomes of care, reminders were not associated with significant improvements. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is moderate quality evidence that computer-generated reminders delivered on paper to healthcare professionals achieve moderate improvement in process of care. Two characteristics emerged as significant predictors of improvement: providing space on the reminder for a response from the clinician and providing an explanation of the reminder's content or advice. The heterogeneity of the reminder interventions included in this review also suggests that reminders can improve care in various settings under various conditions.

Agency Fact Sheet, Department of Commerce: Professional Licensure Division, FY2007

This document produced by the Iowa Department of Administrative Services has been developed to provide a multitude of information about executive branch agencies/department on a single sheet of paper. The facts provides general information, contact information, workforce data, leave and benefits information and affirmative action data.

Agency Fact Sheet, Department of Commerce: Professional Licensure Division, FY2008

This document produced by the Iowa Department of Administrative Services has been developed to provide a multitude of information about executive branch agencies/department on a single sheet of paper. The facts provides general information, contact information, workforce data, leave and benefits information and affirmative action data.

Agency Fact Sheet, Department of Commerce: Professional Licensure Division, FY2009

This document produced by the Iowa Department of Administrative Services has been developed to provide a multitude of information about executive branch agencies/department on a single sheet of paper. The facts provides general information, contact information, workforce data, leave and benefits information and affirmative action data.

Agency Fact Sheet, Department of Commerce: Professional Licensure Division, FY2010

This document produced by the Iowa Department of Administrative Services has been developed to provide a multitude of information about executive branch agencies/department on a single sheet of paper. The facts provides general information, contact information, workforce data, leave and benefits information and affirmative action data.

Agency Fact Sheet, Department of Commerce: Professional Licensure Division, FY2011

This document produced by the Iowa Department of Administrative Services has been developed to provide a multitude of information about executive branch agencies/department on a single sheet of paper. The facts provides general information, contact information, workforce data, leave and benefits information and affirmative action data.

Agency Fact Sheet, Department of Commerce: Professional Licensure Division, FY2002

This document produced by the Iowa Department of Administrative Services has been developed to provide a multitude of information about executive branch agencies/department on a single sheet of paper. The facts provides general information, contact information, workforce data, leave and benefits information and affirmative action data.

Agency Fact Sheet, Department of Commerce: Professional Licensure Division, FY2003

This document produced by the Iowa Department of Administrative Services has been developed to provide a multitude of information about executive branch agencies/department on a single sheet of paper. The facts provides general information, contact information, workforce data, leave and benefits information and affirmative action data.

Agency Fact Sheet, Department of Commerce: Professional Licensure Division, FY2004

This document produced by the Iowa Department of Administrative Services has been developed to provide a multitude of information about executive branch agencies/department on a single sheet of paper. The facts provides general information, contact information, workforce data, leave and benefits information and affirmative action data.