Fidelidade composicional de assembléias de braquiópodes (Rhynconelliformea) na plataforma e talude continental: implicações paleontológicas e geológicas

This paper deals with the Compositional Fidelity of the brachiopods assemblages, dominated by Bouchardia rosea, on the outer shelf and continental slope along São Paulo State. Samples were obtained during the Revizee-Score-Sul-Benthos program. The sampled stations are in sites as depth as 90 to 600 meters, along the outer continental shelf, the shelf break and the top of continental slope. The fidelity estimates were obtained directly from the comparisons between living biota and dead shells, from the same collecting stations. Data come from 66 sampling stations, and the vast majority of the Bouchardia rosea individuals collected (n=2393) were dead (n = 2342, 97.9%). Only 51 individuals were collected alive. When pooling the data from all collecting stations the dead/live frequency is of 2,1% only. The occurrences of Bouchardia rosea shells in siliciclastic bottoms are reduced and living individuals were not found on this type of bottom, at least during the sampling program. These results suggest low compositional fidelity (live-dead) or high compositional mismatch, pointing to a recent decrease in this specie population. The low compositional fidelity of the Bouchardia rosea assemblages in outer shelf sites may be due to changes in seawater temperature, nutrient availability and population history. All these issues must be investigated in the near future

Avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal do extrato das folhas jovens de Triticum aestivum L. obtido por cultivo em Casa de Vegetação: subtitulo

O uso disseminado do suco de folhas jovens de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) para diversos fins terapêuticos foi proposto por Dra. Ann Wigmore há mais de 40 anos nos Estados Unidos e popularizado de tal forma que é utilizado para o tratamento alternativo de doenças autoimunes e gastrointestinais, dentre outras. Baseado nessas informações populares, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a composição química e a atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal do extrato aquoso de folhas jovens de trigo na fase aguda do modelo experimental de doença inflamatória intestinal induzida por TNBS (ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico) em ratos. Os animais foram tratados durante cinco dias antes da indução do processo inflamatório, sendo testadas as doses de 100, 50, 25 e 5 mg/Kg e azatioprina como droga de referência. Após 48 horas da indução do processo inflamatório, os animais foram mortos e seus cólons extraídos para a realização dos estudos macroscópicos e bioquímicos. Paralelamente foi realizado um estudo para a caracterização da composição química do extrato, através de testes para a determinação das principais classes de substâncias presentes, bem como o doseamento de compostos fenólicos e atividade sequestradora de radicais livres. O estudo demonstrou que o extrato aquoso de folhas jovens de trigo a 5 mg/Kg apresentou uma tendência em melhorar os parâmetros macroscópicos e bioquímicos avaliados, porém sem diferenças estatísticas. A caracterização fitoquímica do extrato mostrou que o suco de trigo é uma fonte importante de compostos antioxidantes, os quais podem estar relacionados com a melhora no processo inflamatório colônico

Avaliação preliminar dos efeitos de Brassica campestris sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

Obesity along with overweight has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to promote health has grown as a mechanism for prevention, control and treatment of chronic diseases such as obesity. Several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plants species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity with a major attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more effective for health than the traditional treatment with appetite suppressants. Whereas both food intake and the oral treatment with different compounds can cause changes in gene expression and that a proper diet has been valuable as a mechanism for maintaining the body's vital functions, the objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of standardized extract of Brassica campestris L. in the decrease in weight and food intake control. In vivo trials of this product were conducted and studies of its effects on energy metabolism in non-obese mice and with obesity induced by hypercaloric diet. After induction of obesity by 8 weeks, animals were treated for 21 days with the extract orally. After 21 days the animals were killed and the effects of this product were evaluated on the daily feed intake and on body weight. According to the results obtained, the extract of Brassica campestris was not effective in reducing body weight of obese animals, and did not reduce food intake

Avaliação preliminar dos efeitos de Coffea arabica sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

Obesity along with overweight, has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases, such as coronary heart disease, type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to call health promotion has grown as a mechanism for prevention, control and treatment of chronic diseases such as obesity. Several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plant species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity with a major attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more effective health than the traditional treatment with appetite suppressants. This work aims to develop and standardize models of biological assays in stress and obesity, also aims to evaluate the effect of oil green beans of Coffea arabica in the regulation of body weight and energy balance in mice. To this end, trials were made in vivo studies of this product and their effects on energy metabolism in non-obese mice with obesity induced by hypercaloric diet. After induction of obesity by 8 weeks, animals were treated for 21 days with the extracts orally. After 21 days the animals were killed to evaluate the effects of these products on daily feed intake and on body weight. The group treated with the oil of Coffea arabica L. showed significant weight loss and feed intake high. According to the results, we conclude that the standardized extract of Coffea arabica L. decreased body weight without restriction or decrease the amount of food ingested

Influência da restrição proteica gestacional e lactacional sobre a morfogênese da próstata de ratos

Nos últimos anos vem aumentando o reconhecimento mundial sobre a relevância da nutrição como pilar básico para o desenvolvimento econômico e social. Milhares de crianças têm seu crescimento retardado pela má nutrição, no entanto poucos trabalhos relacionam a desnutrição proteica materna e o desenvolvimento do sistema reprodutor masculino. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar os possíveis efeitos da restrição proteica gestacional e durante a lactação sobre a morfogênese do complexo prostático, tendo em vista que a etiologia das doenças prostáticas relaciona-se com fatores epigenéticos, e dentre eles, fatores toxicológicos e nutricionais. Após o acasalamento e diagnóstico da prenhês, dois grupos de mães foram constituídos: Normoproteico (NP, 17% proteína, n=7) e Hipoproteico (LP, 6% proteína, n=7). No segundo dia pós-nascimento (DPN2), as ninhadas foram inspecionadas e reduzidas para no máximo oito animais (preferencialmente machos), a distância anogenital foi mensurada e, 2 machos por ninhada foram mortos por decapitação para coleta do broto prostático no dia do nascimento. Após o nascimento dos filhotes, um grupo de mães do grupo hipoproteico continuou recebendo a ração hipoproteica (n=3), enquanto as demais passaram a receber a ração normoproteica (n=3). No dia 22, dia do desmame, 2 machos de cada ninhada foram pesados, mortos por decapitação e o complexo prostático foi coletado para as análises morfológicas e imunoistoquímicas. Foram investigados a morfologia geral e o padrão de distribuição dos elementos celulares e da matriz extracelular por métodos citoquímicos e morfométricos, e a imunorreatividade para os seguintes marcadores: receptor de andrógeno (AR), Ki67, α-actina, EGF-R e P63. Os índices de proliferação e morte celular (TUNEL) foram calculados. A prole LP apresentou uma redução significativa do peso corporal e da distância anogenital no DPN2. ...

Avaliação preliminar dos efeitos de Bidens pilosa L. sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

The obesity along with overweight has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to promote health has grown as a prevention mechanism. Previous studies suggested Bidens pilosa L. for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity, with one important attraction of this regiment is perceived as safer and more effective health than the traditional anorexigen .The aim of this project is to standardize a new model of obesity induced by hipercaloric diet in Swiss mice, and also to evaluate the effect of Bidens pilosa L. extract in the reduction of food intake, weight and toxicity. After induction of obesity, the animals were treated for 21 days with the extract. Then the animals were killed and samples were collected for further analysis. Preliminary, the effect of this product has being evaluated on the daily food intake and body weight. In dose of 100mg/Kg, there were no significant changes in food intake and body weight. Thus, this concentration of Bidens pilosa was not effective in reducing body weight of obese animals, and did not reduce food intake

Intervenção com Azadirachta indica (Neem) na prenhez de ratas diabéticas: repercussões materno-fetais

Objetivo: Considerando o uso indiscriminado de diversas plantas para o tratamento de doenças, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos da Azadirachta indica (Neem) sobre a glicemia e performance reprodutiva materna de ratas normoglicêmicas e com diabete moderado. Material e Método: O diabete foi induzido em ratas fêmeas no dia do nascimento com streptozotocin (100mg/kg de peso corpóreo, via subcutânea). O grupo não-diabético (controle) recebeu como veículo o tampão citrato com dose e via similares ao grupo diabético. Na fase adulta, ratas não-diabéticas e diabéticas foram acasaladas com machos normoglicêmicos. Durante todo o período de prenhez, as ratas foram tratadas com o princípio ativo (Azadirachtina) ou óleo da semente de Azadirachta indica (Neem). As glicemias foram mensuradas nos dias 0, 7, 14 e 20 de prenhez e o teste oral de tolerância à glicose no 17º dia. Ao final da prenhez, foi realizada laparotomia para contagem de fetos vivos e mortos, corpos lúteos, implantações e de reabsorções (mortes embrionárias). Os descendentes foram analisados quanto à presença de anomalias externas e internas (esqueléticas e viscerais). Para limite de significância estatística foi considerado p<0,05. Resultados: Os tratamentos com o óleo e princípio ativo causaram maior intolerância à glicose em ratas diabéticas, prejuízos no desempenho reprodutivo materno e anormalidades esqueléticas e viscerais fetais. Conclusão: Os diferentes tratamentos não apresentaram efeito antidiabético e causaram efeitos adversos no desempenho reprodutivo materno e no desenvolvimento dos fetos. Sendo assim, este estudo mostrou que o uso indiscriminado de plantas medicinais, principalmente por mulheres grávidas, pode ser prejudicial para o desenvolvimento intrauterino

Foraminíferos de manguezais do rio Curimataú (RN): estudos sinecológicos com aplicação no setor de petróleo e gás

O sistema estuarino do Rio Curimataú, uma planície lamosa amplamente coberta por vegetação de mangue e relativamente pouco impactada, foi estudado quanto à distribuição espacial da microfauna de foraminíferos e suas condicionantes. Vinte e cinco gêneros e quarenta espécies foram identificadas a partir dos sedimentos superficiais, considerando-se os indivíduos vivos e mortos presentes em 10 pontos ao longo do estuário, dos quais se extraíram ao menos 100 espécimes por amostra. O sistema pôde ser compartimentado em quatro sub-ambientes halínicos (hiperhalino, mesohalino, polihalino e euhalino), correspondentes, respectivamente, a quatro ecofácies de foraminíferos designadas de Ammotium spp., Miliammina fusca, Arenoparrella mexicana e Ammonia spp. Cada um destes segmentos ambientais foi caracterizado segundo os padrões de riqueza, diversidade e equitatividade das espécies. Os resultados deste estudo poderão servir para comparações a serem feitas com outros estuários tropicais modernos (impactados antropicamente ou não) e antigos. Tem aplicação, portanto, no setor de petróleo e gás, sendo de interesse às atividades de gestão ambiental de áreas litorâneas e de investigação da história geológica das bacias sedimentares

Efeito Pesticida de Ésteres de Sacarose Sobre Calacarus heveae Feres (Acari: Eriophyidae) em Dois Clones de Seringueira

Sucrose esters are biodegradable, non pollutant and safe for health; moreover, they have shown great potential in the pest control. We tested a crude mix of sucrose esters on the survivorship and oviposition of Calacarus heveae Feres (Acari: Eriophyidae) females, an important rubber tree pest mite. The females were collected from rubber leaflets of the GT 1 and RRIM 600 clones. The mites were kept on stock arenas placed in rearing chamber at 28 + 0,1°C, 80 + 10% of relative humidity and 12h of light phase about two weeks before the assays. After this period, the mites were transferred to assay arenas made with leaflets from the same clone of stock arenas. The survivorship of females sprayed with sucrose esters in the concentrations of 1, 2, 3 and 4 g/L and their oviposition effect with 0.5 and 1 g/L were analyzed. The mites sprayed with 4 g/L had about 80% of mortality, while those with 1 g/L around 60%. All mites that died in the treatments with sucrose ester became dark with wrinkled tegument and decreased their body volume, suggesting dehydration. We also observed the efficacy of 1 g/L concentration to decrease the female oviposition in about 50%, in the third day after spraying. No differences were observed in the mortality and oviposition between females kept on both clones.

Una lapide in via Mazzini: os sofrimentos em Auschwitz e os desafios da tradução

Giorgio Bassani in his book Una lapide in via Mazzin seeks to show to the readers all the sufferings passed by Italians during the Second World War and emphasized those persists until today. Aiming to make an unprecedented translation of this tale, it is expected that the text provides us great experiences in the language and we could see the actual difficulties and differences with the Portuguese language, despite being considered these languages closed ones. The objective of this work is to produce a translation that allows us to transmit all anxieties and reflections suffered by the main character of the tale. After the war, the survivor of the concentration camp can go back to your city. He appears exactly at the moment is being placed a headstone on the synagogue wall in homage to Jews deported and killed in the camps. Given the gaunt figure of the man with his striped pajamas, the population is driven to rethink their own indifference and , in a way, its share of blame. Thus, the return should be celebrated is rejected and the figure of the survivor becomes a nuisance. The function of the headstone is actually and literally put a stone on the story. To achieve the proposed objective for this work, we analyzed all the chapters of the story Una lapide in via Mazzini and tried to find equivalents in Portuguese. However, we not ignored the traces of meaning that Giorgio Bassani invested in his work. Therefore, it was necessary to use both printed and virtual dictionaries. With the advancement of the translation work, we realized the difficulty of finding appropriate solutions to achieve the desired effect . The fidelity proposed by the author became increasingly difficult as our work progressed. In the course of all the discussions, it was concluded that , in fact , when it comes to translation, maintaining fidelity to the original text in a foreign language is a difficult and laborious process

Insecticidal Effect of Extracts from Native Plants of Mato Grosso do Sul State on Sitophilus zeamais Mots (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos da exposição pré-natal ao etanol e ao chumbo, isoladamente e em associação, sobre a pressão arterial e a reatividade da aorta de ratos recém-desmamados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência da diabetes mellitus na resposta tecidual e na capacidade de mineralização dos cimentos Sealapex, MTA Angelus e MTA Fillapex

Pós-graduação em Ciência Odontólogica - FOA

Efeitos da dieta enriquecida com frutos das palmeiras Euterpe oleracea Mart. e Mauritia flexuosa L.f. na inflamação intestinal em ratos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Human identification by means of conventional and digital Cheiloscopy: a study of the literature

One of the areas of human identification is Cheiloscopy, the name given to the study of the lips, their characteristics (such as thickness, position of the grooves and grooves) and the record of the impressions left by them. There are variations in the layout of the lines and fissures of the lips, which are unique to each individual, permanent and unchanging. The lip print rarely changes, enduring minor traumas such as inflammation or sores. In criminal investigations, lip prints, visible through the presence of lipstick, can be found on glasses, napkins, clothes, cigarettes, indicating a relationship between the subject and the scene of the crime. Latent impressions may be revealed employing specific chemicals such as powder of silver and aluminum nitrate. Although it is not a very common method, Cheiloscopy may become very useful in forensics due to the extensive amount of valuable information that it brings. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the use of Cheiloscopy in human identification, using traditional and digital methods. It was found that the literature is still in need of studies in this area. The advent of new digital technologies can facilitate the implementation of technical expertise, generating speed and objectivity. New research studies are necessary, especially in the development of digital methods. The application of Cheiloscopy can greatlyhelp with Law, in the identification of living suspects and dead individuals. In the end the benefit will fall to society as a whole.