Alcohol Brief Intervention in Primary Care: A Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present review was to evaluate the evidence of the effectiveness of brief interventions aimed at reducing chronic alcohol use and harm related to alcohol consumption, conducted among individuals actively attending primary care but who were not seeking help for alcohol problems. METHODS: Randomised trials reporting at-least one outcome related to alcohol consumption and conducted in outpatients who were actively attending primary care centre or provider were selected using Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ISI Web of Science, ETOH database, and bibliographies of the retrieved references and previous reviews. Selection and data abstraction were performed independently and in duplicate. We assessed validity of the studies and performed a meta-analysis for studies reporting alcohol consumption at 6 or 12 months follow up. RESULTS: We included 24 reports, reporting results of 19 trials and including 5,639 individuals. Seventeen trials reported a measure of alcohol consumption, eight reporting a significant effect of intervention. The meta-analysis showed a mean pooled difference of -41 (95% CI: −54; −28) g of pure ethanol per week in favour of brief intervention group. Evidences for other outcomes (laboratory values, health related quality of life, morbidity and mortality, health care utilisation) were inconclusive. CONCLUSION: Our systematic review indicated that brief intervention might be effective for both men and women in reducing alcohol consumption compared to a controlled intervention, in a primary health care population. The meta-analysis confirmed the reduction in alcohol consumption at 6 and 12 month. Further research should precise the components of effectiveness of brief intervention and the evidence of effects on morbidity, mortality, and quality of life related outcomes.

Distribución de los recursos pesqueros de mayor abundancia a fines del invierno 1998. Crucero BIC Humboldt y BIC Jose Olaya Balandra 9808-09 de Paita a Tacna

Describe la distribución de abundancia de diversos recursos pelágicos y demersales: anchoveta (Engraulis ringens), sardina (Sardinops sagax), jurel (Trachurus picturatus murphyi), caballa (Scomber japonicus peruanus), samasa (Anchoa nasus), Vinciguerria lucetia, falso volador (Prionotus stephanophrys), bagre (Galeichthys peruvianus), pez cinta (Trichiurus lepturus) y múnida (Pleuroncodes monodon). Como plataformas de muestreo en el Cr. 9808-09, se utilizaron: para la zona Paita al Callao: el BIC Humboldt y la lancha IMARPE IV; y para la zona Los Palos (Tacna) al Callao, el BIC José Olaya Balandra y la lancha IMARPE V. Para la distribución de abundancia se utilizaron las ecosondas científicas SIMRAD EK 500 con frecuencias de 38 y 120 kHz de ambos buques, en un rango de detección de 3,5 a 400 m de profundidad, distribuidos en nueve capas de integración. Para el muestreo acústico se utilizó una grilla sistemática paralela con una separación de 12 mn entre cada transecto; se realizaron en total 352 laces de pesca. Las áreas de distribución de cada recurso se determinaron mediante un programa de software de interpolación de datos.

Exposure of the Swiss population by medical x-rays: 2008 review.

Nationwide surveys on radiation dose to the population from medical radiology are recommended in order to follow the trends in population exposure and ensure radiation protection. The last survey in Switzerland was conducted in 1998, and the annual effective dose from medical radiology was estimated to be 1 mSv y(-1) per capita. The purpose of this work was to follow the trends in diagnostic radiology between 1998 and 2008 in Switzerland and determine the contribution of different modalities and types of examinations to the collective effective dose from medical x-rays. For this reason, an online database (www.raddose.ch) was developed. All healthcare providers who hold a license to run an x-ray unit in the country were invited to participate in the survey. More than 225 examinations, covering eight radiological modalities, were included in the survey. The average effective dose for each examination was reassessed. Data from about 3,500 users were collected (42% response rate). The survey showed that the annual effective dose was 1.2 mSv/capita in 2008. The most frequent examinations are conventional and dental radiographies (88%). The contribution of computed tomography was only 6% in terms of examination frequency but 68% in terms of effective dose. The comparison with other countries showed that the effective dose per capita in Switzerland was in the same range as in other countries with similar healthcare systems, although the annual number of examinations performed in Switzerland was higher.

L'Écho de Paris

1888/06/29 (Numéro 1560).

L'Écho de Paris

1888/04/27 (Numéro 1497).

Biblia sacra, pars III.

Avec prologues et « capitula ». Job (2) ; Tobias (20) ; Judith (27v) ; Esther (37) ; Macchab. I-II (46v) ; Ezechiel (84v) ; XII Proph. min. (122) ; Isaias (151v). — Epist. Pauli, depuis Rom. I, 1, jusqu'à Philipp. 21, et depuis Hebr. II, 18, jusqu'à la fin, avec Epist. ad Laodicenses (184v).

Inventaires des meubles et des archives de diverses princesses et princes français. (XVe-XVIIe siècle).

Inventaires des tapisseries, tableaux, reliquaires, meubles et « acoustremens » de la reine Anne de Bretagne, 1495-1511 (p. 1 et suiv.). — Inventaire des bagues, joyaux, vaisselle, tapisseries et livres de la duchesse d'Orléans, 1487 (p. 253). — Inventaires des biens meubles de Charles, comte d'Angoulême, 1496 (p. 267), et de Marguerite de Rohan, comtesse d'Angoulême, sa mère, 1497 (p. 293). — Inventaire de titres concernant Vitré et la maison de Laval, XVe siècle (p. 313). — « Histoire généalogique des maisons de Lohéac et du Pleseix-Anger, composée par le Révérend Père Du Pas » (p. 413).

Notes et extraits divers pour l'histoire de France.

Il y a dans ce recueil plusieurs pièces intéressantes sur le XVIe s., notamment deux lettres adressées au sultan par Charles IX (93) et par François, duc d'Alençon (102) ; vers français, adressés en 1560 par Grevin à la reine d'Angleterre (87).