Recomendaciones del grupo de asuntos económicos

Evalúa el manejo de las pesquerías para poder establecer una gestión de pesca de manera sostenible, económica y socialmente razonable.

Electoral platforms, implemented policies and abstention

Recent studies of American politics evidence that political polarization of both the electorate and the political elite have moved 'almost in tandem for the past half century' (McCarty et al., 2003, p.2), and that party polarization has steadily increased since the 1970s. On the other hand, the empirical literature on party platforms and implemented policies has consistently found an imperfect but nonnegligible correlation between electoral platforms and governmental policies: while platforms tend to be polarized, policies are moderate or centrist. However, existing theoretical models of political competition are not manifestly compatible with these observations.In this paper, we distinguish between electoral platforms and implemented policies by incorporating a non-trivial policy-setting process. It follows that voters may care not only about the implemented policy but also about the platform they support with their vote. We find that while parties tend to polarize their positions, the risk of alienating their constituency prevents them from radicalizing. The analysis evidences that the distribution of the electorate, and not only the (expected) location of a pivotal voter, matters in determining policies. Our results are consistent with the observation of polarized platforms and moderate policies, and the alienation and indifference components of abstention.

Predación de la Merluza Peruana (Merluccius gayi peruanus) sobre la Anchoveta (Engraulis ringens)

Se analizaron datos del contenido estomacal de la merluza en Paita, Chimbote, Callao y Pisco de 1976 a 1986 encontrándose que en peso representó el 5.8% en promedio del contenido en Paita, 85.4 % en Chimbote, 51.6 % en Callao y 68.9 % en Pisco.

Espectro alimentario del Patudo (Thunnus obesus) en lo Primavera Austral de 1986 en el Pacífico Sur Oriental.

En la primavera austral de 1986, 52 ejemplares de Thunnus obesus (patudo) fueron colectados entre 0-10º S y 95-105º W. Sus contenidos estomacales fueron identificados, contados y pesados.

North-South convergence and the allocation of CO2 emissions

We postulate a two-region world, comprised of North (calibrated after the US) and South(calibrated after China). Our optimization results show the compatibility of the following threedesiderata:(1) Global CO2 emissions follow a conservative path that leads to the stabilizationof concentrations at 450 ppm.(2) North and South converge to a path of sustained growth at 1% per year (28.2%per generation) in 2075.(3) During the transition to the steady state, North also grows at 1% per year whileSouth s rates of growth are markedly higher.The transition paths require a drastic reduction of the share of emissions allocated to North,large investments in knowledge, both in North and South, as well as very large investments ineducation in South. Surprisingly, in order to sustain North s utility growth rate, some output mustbe transferred from South to North during the transition.Although undoubtedly subject to many caveats, our results support a degree of optimism byproviding prima facie evidence of the possibility of tackling climate change in a way that is fairboth across generations and across regions while allowing for positive rates of humandevelopment.

Predación de Piquero (sula variegata: Aves Sulidae) sobre peces en el litoral Peruano

Las regurgitaciones del piquero fueron colectadas en las islas Macabí, Mazorca, Chincha Norte y Ballestas en febrero de 1986 (238 regurgitaciones) y marzo de 1987 (215). Los censos de las aves se hicieron en todo el litoral en marzo de 1986 y abril de 1987.

Alteraciones en la dieta alimentaria de algunos peces comerciales pr efecto del fenómeno El Niño

Estudio de los restos estomacales obtenidos de los cruceros bio-oceanográficos, Eurekas y otras operaciones

Las aves guaneras y el fenómeno El Niño

Estudia el fenómeno del El Niño y su influencia sobre las aves guaneras y otras especies marinas

Impacto del fenómeno El Niño en la población de lobos marinos en Punta San Juan

Estudia el comportamiento de la poblacion de los lobos marinosen Punta San Juan durante 1982-83

Intergenerational justice when future worlds are uncertain

Let there be a positive (exogenous) probability that, at each date, the human species will disappear.We postulate an Ethical Observer (EO) who maximizes intertemporal welfare under thisuncertainty, with expected-utility preferences. Various social welfare criteria entail alternativevon Neumann- Morgenstern utility functions for the EO: utilitarian, Rawlsian, and an extensionof the latter that corrects for the size of population. Our analysis covers, first, a cake-eating economy(without production), where the utilitarian and Rawlsian recommend the same allocation.Second, a productive economy with education and capital, where it turns out that the recommendationsof the two EOs are in general different. But when the utilitarian program diverges, thenwe prove it is optimal for the extended Rawlsian to ignore the uncertainty concerning the possibledisappearance of the human species in the future. We conclude by discussing the implicationsfor intergenerational welfare maximization in the presence of global warming.

Resultados de las investigaciones ornitológicas efectuadas en octubre y diciembre de 1968

Da a conocer los resultados de las observaciones ornitológicas efectuadas en 18 lugares y en el crucer 6811 durante el período del 23 y 31 de octubre y entre el 6 y 15 de diciembre de 1968, lo cual tuvo por objetivo estudiar las condiciones de las aves guaneras y obtener los registros sobre presencia y abundancia de otras aves marinas.

Informe general sobre el crucero SNP-1 - 6905

Estudia la distribución y concentración de los cardúmenes de anchoveta desde Punta Aguja hasta Pisco, asimismo, describe el proceso de la pesca experimental de peces demersales y crustáceos, en las zonas de Paita y Máncora, efectuando un control general de las condiciones oceanográficas.

Las poblaciones de aves guaneras después de 1965

Presenta información acerca de las poblaciones de aves guaneras, su distribución, el desarrollo de los ciclos reproductivos y su incremento poblacional, que concluye, es normal.

Immigration policy with partisan parties

This paper analyzes the political economy of immigration when the salient electoralissue is the level of immigrants and the relevant immigration policy is the expenditurein immigration control. We consider that immigration affects voters? welfarethrough economic and non economic factors. We model political competition `a laWittman with the ideology of parties endogenously determined at equilibrium. Atequilibrium, parties propose different levels of immigration, located to the left and tothe right of the median voter?s ideal point, and combine skilled and unskilled workersamong their constituencies. Numerical simulations provide the levels of immigrationproposed by the two parties and the composition of parties? constituencies as we varythe efficacy of immigration control and the intensity of immigration aversion.