Metodologia del treball en neologia: criteris, materials i processos

L'Observatori de Neologia, dirigit per la Dra. M. Teresa Cabré, neix com a grup de recerca l'any 1988 a la Universitat de Barcelona i des de 1994 s'incorpora com a projecte a l'Institut Universitari de Lingüística Aplicada de la Universitat Pompeu Fabra. L'Observatori de Neologia analitza el fenomen de l'aparició de paraules noves o neologismes en l'ús, tant pel que fa al català com al castellà. Actualment compta amb una base de dades de més de 82.000 ocurrències per al català i de més de 60.000 ocurrències per al castellà procedents de textos escrits i orals de mitjans de comunicació.Aquest volum recull la metodologia establerta des de l’inici del projecte pels membres fundadors de l’Observatori de Neologia - tot i que revisada i actualitzada al llarg dels anys. Aquesta metodologia guia tots els treballs de detecció, selecció, tractament i emmagatzemament de les dades que es duen a terme a l’Observatori.

Un ratón de biblioteca : la traducción de los cómics de Disney en el Topolino italiano a finales de los años cuarenta

Este es un estudio cualitativo de la traducción de los cómics Disney al italiano, un case study que examina una historia larga publicada en 1949. La contextualización histórica introduce el entramado socio-cultural de la época apuntando a uno de los aspectos fundamentales de la historia de los cómics Disney en Italia, el de la progresiva “localización” ― esto es, la realización in loco ― de la producción. Una panorámica de los estudios sobre la traducción del cómic y de otras tipologías afines ayuda a definir el marco teórico en el que se inscribe el trabajo.La propuesta de clasificación, concebida de manera autónoma, guarda relación con los modelos causales de los Translation Studies. La hipótesis es que se trata de un caso de “difference in sameness”, o sea una operación original de conversión de un producto que se distancia de la traducción en la medida en que no parece buscar un efecto “equivalente”.

Wear of two artificial tooth materials in vivo: a 12-month pilot study.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Wear of methacrylate artificial teeth resulting in vertical loss is a problem for both dentists and patients. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to quantify wear of artificial teeth in vivo and to relate it to subject and tooth variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-eight subjects treated with complete dentures received 2 artificial tooth materials (polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/double-cross linked PMMA fillers; 35%/59% (SR Antaris DCL, SR Postaris DCL); experimental 48%/46%). At baseline and after 12 months, impressions of the dentures were poured with improved stone. After laser scanning, the casts were superimposed and matched. Maximal vertical loss (mm) and volumetric loss (mm(3)) were calculated for each tooth and log-transformed to reduce variability. Volumetric loss was related to the occlusally active surface area. Linear mixed models were used to study the influence of the factors jaw, tooth, and material on adjusted (residual) wear values (alpha=.05). RESULTS: Due to drop outs (n=5) and unmatchable casts (n=3), 69% of all teeth were analyzed. Volumetric loss had a strong linear relationship to surface area (P<.001); this was less pronounced for vertical loss (P=.004). The factor showing the highest influence was the subject. Wear was tooth dependent (increasing from incisors to molars). However, these differences diminished once the wear rates were adjusted for occlusal area, and only a few remained significant (anterior versus posterior maxillary teeth). Another influencing factor was the age of the subject. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical wear of artificial teeth is higher than previously measured or expected. The presented method of analyzing wear of artificial teeth using a laser-scanning device seemed suitable.

Materials and Mix Optimization Procedures for PCC Pavements, March 2006

Severe environmental conditions, coupled with the routine use of deicing chemicals and increasing traffic volume, tend to place extreme demands on portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements. In most instances, engineers have been able to specify and build PCC pavements that met these challenges. However, there have also been reports of premature deterioration that could not be specifically attributed to a single cause. Modern concrete mixtures have evolved to become very complex chemical systems. The complexity can be attributed to both the number of ingredients used in any given mixture and the various types and sources of the ingredients supplied to any given project. Local environmental conditions can also influence the outcome of paving projects. This research project investigated important variables that impact the homogeneity and rheology of concrete mixtures. The project consisted of a field study and a laboratory study. The field study collected information from six different projects in Iowa. The information that was collected during the field study documented cementitious material properties, plastic concrete properties, and hardened concrete properties. The laboratory study was used to develop baseline mixture variability information for the field study. It also investigated plastic concrete properties using various new devices to evaluate rheology and mixing efficiency. In addition, the lab study evaluated a strategy for the optimization of mortar and concrete mixtures containing supplementary cementitious materials. The results of the field studies indicated that the quality management concrete (QMC) mixtures being placed in the state generally exhibited good uniformity and good to excellent workability. Hardened concrete properties (compressive strength and hardened air content) were also satisfactory. The uniformity of the raw cementitious materials that were used on the projects could not be monitored as closely as was desired by the investigators; however, the information that was gathered indicated that the bulk chemical composition of most materials streams was reasonably uniform. Specific minerals phases in the cementitious materials were less uniform than the bulk chemical composition. The results of the laboratory study indicated that ternary mixtures show significant promise for improving the performance of concrete mixtures. The lab study also verified the results from prior projects that have indicated that bassanite is typically the major sulfate phase that is present in Iowa cements. This causes the cements to exhibit premature stiffening problems (false set) in laboratory testing. Fly ash helps to reduce the impact of premature stiffening because it behaves like a low-range water reducer in most instances. The premature stiffening problem can also be alleviated by increasing the water–cement ratio of the mixture and providing a remix cycle for the mixture.

Regulated Materials Facility Revenue Bond Funds, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Independent Auditor's Report, Basic Financial Statement and Supplementary Information, June 30, 2006

State University Audit Report

Surface deterioration of dental materials after simulated toothbrushing in relation to brushing time and load.

OBJECTIVES: (1) To evaluate the changes in surface roughness and gloss after simulated toothbrushing of 9 composite materials and 2 ceramic materials in relation to brushing time and load in vitro; (2) to assess the relationship between surface gloss and surface roughness. METHODS: Eight flat specimens of composite materials (microfilled: Adoro, Filtek Supreme, Heliomolar; microhybrid: Four Seasons, Tetric EvoCeram; hybrid: Compoglass F, Targis, Tetric Ceram; macrohybrid: Grandio), two ceramic materials (IPS d.SIGN and IPS Empress polished) were fabricated according to the manufacturer's instructions and optimally polished with up to 4000 grit SiC. The specimens were subjected to a toothbrushing (TB) simulation device (Willytec) with rotating movements, toothpaste slurry and at three different loads (100g/250g/350g). At hourly intervals from 1h to 10h TB, mean surface roughness Ra was measured with an optical sensor and the surface gloss (Gl) with a glossmeter. Statistical analysis was performed for log-transformed Ra data applying two-way ANOVA to evaluate the interaction between load and material and load and brushing time. RESULTS: There was a significant interaction between material and load as well as between load and brushing time (p<0.0001). The microhybrid and hybrid materials demonstrated more surface deterioration with higher loads, whereas with the microfilled resins Heliomolar and Adoro it was vice versa. For ceramic materials, no or little deterioration was observed over time and independent of the load. The ceramic materials and 3 of the composite materials (roughness) showed no further deterioration after 5h of toothbrushing. Mean surface gloss was the parameter which discriminated best between the materials, followed by mean surface roughness Ra. There was a strong correlation between surface gloss and surface roughness for all the materials except the ceramics. The evaluation of the deterioration curves of individual specimens revealed a more or less synchronous course suspecting hinting specific external conditions and not showing the true variability in relation to the tested material. SIGNIFICANCE: The surface roughness and gloss of dental materials changes with brushing time and load and thus results in different material rankings. Apart from Grandio, the hybrid composite resins were more prone to surface changes than microfilled composites. The deterioration potential of a composite material can be quickly assessed by measuring surface gloss. For this purpose, a brushing time of 10h (=72,000 strokes) is needed. In further comparative studies, specimens of different materials should be tested in one series to estimate the true variability.

La gestió dels llibres electrònics a la Biblioteca virtual de la UOC

El text que es presenta mostra com es du a terme la gestió dels llibres electrònics a la Biblioteca virtual (d'ara endavant BV) de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (d'ara endavant UOC). La BV posa un èmfasi especial en l'adquisició de llibres digitals per millorar l'accés als usuaris als recursos i col¿leccions d'una universitat que es caracteritza per la virtualitat. El document presenta, en primer lloc, l'entorn en què s'adquireixen i s'utilitzen els llibres electrònics: s'expliquen els diferents escenaris d'adquisició en els quals es pot trobar la biblioteca i es defineixen els circuits interns que en permeten la gestió i els processos tècnics dels documents. A continuació es mostren les diferents opcions d'accés i consulta de llibres electrònics que actualment s'ofereixen des de la biblioteca i s'expliquen les anàlisis d'usos d'aquests documents. Finalment es presenten les conclusions a les quals arriba la BV sobre el nou context de llibres electrònics.

Integrated Materials and Construction Practice for Concrete Pavement: A State-of-the-Practice Manual, 2006

At the heart of all concrete pavement projects is the concrete itself. This manual is intended as both a training tool and a reference to help concrete paving engineers, quality control personnel, specifiers, contractors, suppliers, technicians, and tradespeople bridge the gap between recent research and practice regarding optimizing the performance of concrete for pavements. Specifically, it will help readers do the following:

Os Estudos Africanos no Desenvolvimento da Biblioteca Norte/Sul (BN/S) do Centro de Estudos Sociais (CES) da Universidade de Coimbra

Esta comunicação pretende constituir uma partilha das dinâmicas de apoio à pesquisa especializada e das interacções desenvolvidas pela Biblioteca Norte/Sul (BN/S) no contexto da criação de um espaço teórico alternativo não limitado às influências culturais ocidentais. A BN/S apoia a missão do Centro de Estudos Sociais (CES) da Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra acompanhando o seu planeamento estratégico, tendo também o compromisso de apoiar a investigação dos projectos, dos núcleos e dos programas de doutoramento da instituição, alguns ministrados em parceria com as Faculdades de Direito, de Economia e de Letras. A “clientela” é – na sua grande maioria – investigadores permanentes, investigadores juniores, doutorandos, pós-doutorandos e alunos integrados em parcerias com universidades brasileiras, em particular, e com as universidades angolanas, cabo-verdianas, goesas, guineenses, moçambicanas, entre outras. A BN/S pretende criar um acervo – prioritariamente constituído por monografias e publicações periódicas – resultante da produção científica realizada nos países do hemisfério Sul – na área das ciências sociais e humanas, englobando um amplo espectro de temas. Pretende-se, assim, com esta comunicação partilhar a experiência da BN/S, resultante da necessidade de melhorar sobretudo a qualidade das publicações sobre estudos africanos, adquiridas com o intuito de apoiar o Programa de Doutoramento “Pós-colonialismo e cidadania global” que abrange temas tão diversos como Justiça, Cidadania, Religião, Feitiçaria, Conhecimentos alternativos, Literatura, etc.

The nurse in the management of materials in teaching hospitals

OBJECTIVETo present the nurse's integration within materials management of six teaching hospitals of Paraná - Brazil, and to describe the activities performed by nurses within this process.METHODA study of a qualitative approach and descriptive nature, conducted in teaching hospitals in Paraná, between June and August of 2013. The data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with eight nurses who worked in materials management; data were analyzed using content analysis.RESULTSThese showed that nurses perform ten categories of activities, distributed into four of the five steps of the materials management process.CONCLUSIONThe nurse, in performing of these activities, in addition to favoring the development of participative management, contributes to the organization, planning, and the standardization of the hospital supply process, giving greater credibility to the work with professionals who use the materials, and to the suppliers.

Desenvolupament d’una biblioteca per a la generació de diagrames vectorials basat en l’entorn gràfic de JAVA2D i aplicació d’aquesta biblioteca per a la implementació d’una eina per al desenvolupament de diagrames d’E/R

En aquest projecte es vol implementar una llibreria en Java, que proporcioni leseines necessàries per a crear diagrames i esquemes. Es vol proporcionar a la llibreria unconjunt d’objectes bàsics, també mètodes i funcionalitats suficients per a gestionaraquests objectes. Per altra part, es vol implementar una aplicació per a dissenyar diagrames Entitat-Relació que utilitzi aquesta llibreria

Aplicació de gestió d'una biblioteca

Aplicació d'escriptori WPF i FW 4.5 per a la gestió d'una biblioteca.

Criação de uma Biblioteca Multiuso, pólo educativo nºVI de Cutelo Branco – São Domingos

O projecto ressalta a importância da criação da Biblioteca Multiuso na Escola Básica, atendendo as exigências do currículo e do Pólo, incentivando o hábito de leitura, desenvolvendo a capacidade de pesquisa e oferecendo oportunidades de aquisição de conhecimentos básicos da informática. Tendo em consideração a pertinência do tema, no momento que tanto se fala das Tecnologias da Informática e Comunicação (TIC), projectamos a criação de uma Biblioteca Multiuso no Ensino Básico, na Escola Cutelo Branco em São Domingos, a maior escola do Concelho de São Domingos, porque engloba maior número de alunos a nível do concelho é de fácil acesso. Para este projecto fizemos uma entrevista não estruturada, durante o mês de Março 2010 a um grupo de beneficiários (professores e alunos) do referido Pólo, com o objectivo de coadunar a opinião dos mesmos em relação a criação e utilização da biblioteca na Escola Cutelo Branco. Pelas respostas às perguntas feitas aos representantes dos beneficiários, concluímos que a criação da Biblioteca é uma necessidade prioritária, mas que a Escola precisa elaborar projectos para angariar os recursos que faltam, uma vez que, não reúne de verbas para o efeito. Tudo dependerá de financiamentos ou doações concedidos pelos parceiros. Contudo, o Pólo apresenta uma vasta quantidade de recursos doados pela entidade patronal e também recentemente oferecidos por uma entidade particular estrangeira. O número de entrevistados foram oito professores que representam 53,3% do nº dos professores que trabalham na escola central de Cutelo Branco e oito alunos, sendo quatro da 3ª Fase e quatro da 2ª Fase. O projecto será endereçado às várias instituições para análise e financiamento dentro das possibilidades. O orçamento total do projecto está num valor de setecentos e sessenta e dois mil e quinhentos escudos (762 500$00), perspectivamos a sua concretização num período de oito meses.