Um modelo para aferir o nível de maturidade na adoção de SOA

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2015.

Performance Analysis of IP based WSNs in real time systems

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the key enablers of the internet of things (IoT) paradigm. Traditionally, sensor network research has been to be unlike the internet, motivated by power and device constraints. The IETF 6LoWPAN draft standard changes this, defining how IPv6 packets can be efficiently transmitted over IEEE 802.15.4 radio links. Due to this 6LoWPAN technology, low power, low cost micro- controllers can be connected to the internet forming what is known as the wireless embedded internet. Another IETF recommendation, CoAP allows these devices to communicate interactively over the internet. The integration of such tiny, ubiquitous electronic devices to the internet enables interesting real-time applications. This thesis work attempts to evaluate the performance of a stack consisting of CoAP and 6LoWPAN over the IEEE 802.15.4 radio link using the Contiki OS and Cooja simulator, along with the CoAP framework Californium (Cf). Ultimately, the implementation of this stack on real hardware is carried out using a raspberry pi as a border router with T-mote sky sensors as slip radios and CoAP servers relaying temperature and humidity data. The reliability of the stack was also demonstrated during scalability analysis conducted on the physical deployment. The interoperability is ensured by connecting the WSN to the global internet using different hardware platforms supported by Contiki and without the use of specialized gateways commonly found in non IP based networks. This work therefore developed and demonstrated a heterogeneous wireless sensor network stack, which is IP based and conducted performance analysis of the stack, both in terms of simulations and real hardware.

An AAL Collaborative System: The AAL4ALL and a Mobile Assistant Case Study

Part 20: Health and Care Networks

Time-Reversal Massive Multipath Effect and Bandwidth Heterogeneity

The proliferation of new mobile communication devices, such as smartphones and tablets, has led to an exponential growth in network traffic. The demand for supporting the fast-growing consumer data rates urges the wireless service providers and researchers to seek a new efficient radio access technology, which is the so-called 5G technology, beyond what current 4G LTE can provide. On the other hand, ubiquitous RFID tags, sensors, actuators, mobile phones and etc. cut across many areas of modern-day living, which offers the ability to measure, infer and understand the environmental indicators. The proliferation of these devices creates the term of the Internet of Things (IoT). For the researchers and engineers in the field of wireless communication, the exploration of new effective techniques to support 5G communication and the IoT becomes an urgent task, which not only leads to fruitful research but also enhance the quality of our everyday life. Massive MIMO, which has shown the great potential in improving the achievable rate with a very large number of antennas, has become a popular candidate. However, the requirement of deploying a large number of antennas at the base station may not be feasible in indoor scenarios. Does there exist a good alternative that can achieve similar system performance to massive MIMO for indoor environment? In this dissertation, we address this question by proposing the time-reversal technique as a counterpart of massive MIMO in indoor scenario with the massive multipath effect. It is well known that radio signals will experience many multipaths due to the reflection from various scatters, especially in indoor environments. The traditional TR waveform is able to create a focusing effect at the intended receiver with very low transmitter complexity in a severe multipath channel. TR's focusing effect is in essence a spatial-temporal resonance effect that brings all the multipaths to arrive at a particular location at a specific moment. We show that by using time-reversal signal processing, with a sufficiently large bandwidth, one can harvest the massive multipaths naturally existing in a rich-scattering environment to form a large number of virtual antennas and achieve the desired massive multipath effect with a single antenna. Further, we explore the optimal bandwidth for TR system to achieve maximal spectral efficiency. Through evaluating the spectral efficiency, the optimal bandwidth for TR system is found determined by the system parameters, e.g., the number of users and backoff factor, instead of the waveform types. Moreover, we investigate the tradeoff between complexity and performance through establishing a generalized relationship between the system performance and waveform quantization in a practical communication system. It is shown that a 4-bit quantized waveforms can be used to achieve the similar bit-error-rate compared to the TR system with perfect precision waveforms. Besides 5G technology, Internet of Things (IoT) is another terminology that recently attracts more and more attention from both academia and industry. In the second part of this dissertation, the heterogeneity issue within the IoT is explored. One of the significant heterogeneity considering the massive amount of devices in the IoT is the device heterogeneity, i.e., the heterogeneous bandwidths and associated radio-frequency (RF) components. The traditional middleware techniques result in the fragmentation of the whole network, hampering the objects interoperability and slowing down the development of a unified reference model for the IoT. We propose a novel TR-based heterogeneous system, which can address the bandwidth heterogeneity and maintain the benefit of TR at the same time. The increase of complexity in the proposed system lies in the digital processing at the access point (AP), instead of at the devices' ends, which can be easily handled with more powerful digital signal processor (DSP). Meanwhile, the complexity of the terminal devices stays low and therefore satisfies the low-complexity and scalability requirement of the IoT. Since there is no middleware in the proposed scheme and the additional physical layer complexity concentrates on the AP side, the proposed heterogeneous TR system better satisfies the low-complexity and energy-efficiency requirement for the terminal devices (TDs) compared with the middleware approach.

Reasoning on the Risks of Dynamic Manufacturing Networks through Cognitive Mapping

Part 17: Risk Analysis

Capability Matrix for Open Data

Part 14: Interoperability and Integration

Towards a Workflow Management Approach for Health Monitoring of Bridges

Part 14: Interoperability and Integration

Collaborative Web-Based Simulation Platform for Construction Project Planning

Part 13: Virtual Reality and Simulation

Towards Automated Business Process Deduction through a Social and Collaborative Platform

Part 12: Collaboration Platforms

Designing a S2-Enterprise (Smart x Sensing) Reference Model

Part 11: Reference and Conceptual Models

Comparing global land cover datasets through the Eagle matrix land cover components for continental Portugal

Global land cover maps play an important role in the understanding of the Earth's ecosystem dynamic. Several global land cover maps have been produced recently namely, Global Land Cover Share (GLC-Share) and GlobeLand30. These datasets are very useful sources of land cover information and potential users and producers are many times interested in comparing these datasets. However these global land cover maps are produced based on different techniques and using different classification schemes making their interoperability in a standardized way a challenge. The Environmental Information and Observation Network (EIONET) Action Group on Land Monitoring in Europe (EAGLE) concept was developed in order to translate the differences in the classification schemes into a standardized format which allows a comparison between class definitions. This is done by elaborating an EAGLE matrix for each classification scheme, where a bar code is assigned to each class definition that compose a certain land cover class. Ahlqvist (2005) developed an overlap metric to cope with semantic uncertainty of geographical concepts, providing this way a measure of how geographical concepts are more related to each other. In this paper, the comparison of global land cover datasets is done by translating each land cover legend into the EAGLE bar coding for the Land Cover Components of the EAGLE matrix. The bar coding values assigned to each class definition are transformed in a fuzzy function that is used to compute the overlap metric proposed by Ahlqvist (2005) and overlap matrices between land cover legends are elaborated. The overlap matrices allow the semantic comparison between the classification schemes of each global land cover map. The proposed methodology is tested on a case study where the overlap metric proposed by Ahlqvist (2005) is computed in the comparison of two global land cover maps for Continental Portugal. The study resulted with the overlap spatial distribution among the two global land cover maps, Globeland30 and GLC-Share. These results shows that Globeland30 product overlap with a degree of 77% with GLC-Share product in Continental Portugal.

Collaborative Networked Organizations as System of Systems: A Model-Based Engineering Approach

Part 6: Engineering and Implementation of Collaborative Networks

Building an Ontology of Product/Service-Systems: Using a Maritime Case Study to Elicit Classifications and Characteristics

Part 4: Transition Towards Product-Service Systems

Os processos de normalização e desenvolvimento da doutrina militar combinada nas Forças Armadas Portuguesas

O emprego das Forças Armadas Portuguesas em Operações Conjuntas e Combinadas faz-se no âmbito do quadro de alianças de que Portugal faz parte, das quais destacamos a Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte. No sentido de melhorar a eficácia operacional, a normalização assume um papel fundamental para que se possa atingir a interoperabilidade entre as forças da Aliança. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo principal, analisar e sintetizar os processos de normalização e desenvolvimento de doutrina Militar Conjunta e Combinada nas Forças Armadas Portuguesas. Tem ainda como finalidade, identificar lacunas nos processos nacionais, de forma a contribuir para uma melhor integração e harmonização da doutrina da Aliança, tendo em consideração a doutrina nacional e os interesses nacionais. A nossa investigação baseou-se num raciocínio hipotético-dedutivo, apoiado por uma estratégia qualitativa. O modelo de análise desenvolvido teve por hipóteses, que foram deduzidas de questões derivadas da questão central. Neste processo analítico, identificámos indicadores que permitiram a validação das hipóteses, para este efeito, recorremos a dois estudos de caso e uma análise SWOT. O desenvolvimento de um plano de ação que permita a integração dos processos analisados constitui o principal contributo desta investigação. A necessidade de criar uma Estrutura Coordenadora de Normalização, primordial para agilizar os procedimentos de normalização entre o Ministério da Defesa Nacional, o Estado-Maior General das Forças Armadas e os Ramos, juntamente, com a criação de um Conselho Superior de Doutrina nas Forças Armadas, que defina as prioridades e orientações gerais para o desenvolvimento de doutrina, constituem os principais resultados desta investigação. Abstract: The use of the Portuguese Armed Forces in Combined and Joint Operations is made within the framework of alliances that Portugal is a member, of which we highlight the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. In order to improve the operational efficiency, standardization plays a key role in achieving the interoperability between the forces of the Alliance. The aim of this study is to analyse and synthesize the standardization and development processes of Combined and Joint Military Doctrine in the Portuguese Armed Forces. Identify gaps in national processes, in order to contribute to a better integration and harmonization of the Alliance Doctrine, taking into account the national doctrine and national interests. Our research was based on a hypothetical-deductive argument, supported by a qualitative strategy. The analysis model developed based on assumptions, deducted from derivatives questions of the central question. In this analytical process, we identify indicators that allowed the validation of hypotheses, to achieve this purpose we used two case studies and resort to a SWOT analysis. The development of an action plan that allows the integration of the analysed processes is the main contribution of this research. The need to create a Standardization Coordination Structure it´s crucial to streamline the procedures of normalization between the Ministry of Defence, the Armed Forces General Joint Staff and the Services, along with the establishment of a Doctrine Supreme Council in the Armed Forces, which set the priorities and guidelines for the development of doctrine. This are the main outputs of this research.

Cooperação Internacional

A Força de Gendarmerie Europeia ergueu-se na esfera dos países da União Europeia com forças de polícia de estatuto militar, tipo gendarmerie, com o propósito de proporcionar uma ferramenta de cooperação internacional que permitira aumentar a capacidade de gestão de crises e contribuir para o desenvolvimento da identidade europeia de segurança e defesa, bem como para o reforço da Política Comum de Segurança e Defesa. Depois de dez anos passados após a plena capacidade operacional, interessa avaliar se a Organização constitui verdadeiramente um instrumento eficaz, eficiente e proveitoso para os seus Estados-Membros e para as principais organizações internacionais, bem como ponderar o seu impacto na ação externa da União Europeia. Com este objetivo, desenvolveu-se uma investigação qualitativa recorrendo ao raciocínio hipotético-dedutivo. Esquadrinharam-se questões de natureza descritiva e interpretativa, conferindo uma importância especial aos contributos facilitados pelos entrevistados, dotados de destacada relevância profissional na esfera da cooperação policial internacional. Constata-se no estudo que a Força de Gendarmerie Europeia constitui um instrumento útil para a cooperação internacional, oferecendo capacidades operacionais bem-sucedidas assentes no treino permanente, na interoperabilidade com os atores participantes e na capacidade de resposta rápida a situações de crise. Abstract: The European Gendarmerie Force stood up in the background of European Union countries with military status police forces, gendarmerie type, in order to provide a tool for international cooperation increasing crisis management capacities and contributing to the development of the European security and defence identity, in addition to strengthening the Common European Security and Defence Policy. Ten years after achieving full operational capability, it is intended to assess if the Organization actually performs an effective, efficient and profitable instrument for its Member States and the main international organizations, as well as considering its impact on external action of the European Union. With that aim, a qualitative research was developed using the hypothetical-deductive reasoning. Descriptive and interpretative issues were scoured, giving special importance to contributions provided by respondents with outstanding professional background in international police cooperation sphere. The study reveals that the European Gendarmerie Force is a useful tool for international cooperation, providing successful operational capabilities settled in permanent training, interoperability with the participating actors and in a rapid response capability to crisis situations.