From Mare Nostrum to Insula Nostra : British Colonial Cyprus and the Italian Imperial Threat

Peer reviewed

Narrativas murales : Persuasión y producción cultural en la Roma imperial y la cristiandad

El propósito del presente trabajo es demostrar, por medio de la imagen, la función de la propaganda política en la Roma imperial y en la Iglesia de la Edad Media, tomando como ejemplo los relieves narrativos de la columna de Trajano y los vitrales de la catedral de Notre Dame de Chartres. Poniendo énfasis en que política y religión son inseparables, en ambas realidades históricas diferentes, con una idea en común: el poder como instrumento para obtener el anhelado consenso, por medio de mensajes eternizados en piedra o vidrio capaces de resistir el paso tiempo.

"Ad nostram scientiam referatur": la supervisión administrativa imperial de la aplicación de las leyes durante la dinastía constantiniana

Constantino y sus sucesores, Constancio II, Constante y Juliano, expresaron su particular interés por supervisar la aplicación de determinadas leyes imperiales mediante el uso de la fórmula ad nostram scientiam referatur y de otras similares. Constantino fue el príncipe que la empleó con más frecuencia, especialmente durante el período de 313-324, exceptuando el intervalo de 315-316, cuando la confrontación con Licinio le obligó a renunciar a atender directamente las cuestiones administrativas. La progresiva disminución de la inclusión de estas cláusulas en los textos legales imperiales a partir de la unificación del Imperio en 324 se debe poner en relación con la aparición de los curiosi y luego de los agentes in rebus, como oficiales encargados de vigilar la observancia de las normas vigentes.

Advertising Colonial Romance and Imperial Masculinity: The Promotion of Philip Meadows Taylor's Novels in Britain

The comments of Charles Kegan Paul, the Victorian publisher who was involved in publishing the novels of the nineteenth-century British-Indian author Philip Meadows Taylor as single volume reprints in the 1880s, are illuminating. They are indicative of the publisher's position with regard to publishing - that there was often no correlation between commercial success and the artistic merit of a work. According to Kegan Paul, a substandard or mediocre text would be commercially successful as long it met a perceived want on the part of the public. In effect, the ruminations of the publisher suggests that a firm desirous of acquiring commercial success for a work should be an astute judge of the pre-existing wants of consumers within the market. Yet Theodor Adorno, writing in the mid-twentieth century, offers an entirely distinctive perspective to Kegan Paul's observations, arguing that there is nothing foreordained about consumer demand for certain cultural tropes or productions. They in fact are driven by an industry that preempts and conditions the possible reactions of the consumer. Both Kegan Paul's and Adorno's insights are illuminating when it comes to addressing the key issues explored in this essay. Kegan Paul's comments allude to the ways in which the publisher's promotion of Philip Meadows Taylor's fictional depictions of India and its peoples were to a large extent driven in the mid- to late-nineteenth century by their expectations of what metropolitan readers desired at any given time, whereas Adorno's insights reveal the ways in which British-Indian narratives and the public identity of their authors were not assured in advance, but were, to a large extent, engineered by the publishing industry and the literary marketplace.

Ageing and Imperial Mobility in the British Novel, 1845–1945

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-08

The symbolic, socio-economic and exchange value of Imperial German and National Socialist medals and badges, 1701 to the present

This thesis examines the manufacture, use, exchange (including gift exchange), collecting and commodification of German medals and badges from the early 18th century until the present-day, with particular attention being given to the symbols that were deployed by the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP) between 1919 and 1945. It does so by focusing in particular on the construction of value through insignia, and how such badges and their symbolic and monetary value changed over time. In order to achieve this, the thesis adopts a chronological structure, which encompasses the creation of Prussia in 1701, the Napoleonic wars and the increased democratisation of military awards such as the Iron Cross during the Great War. The collapse of the Kaiserreich in 1918 was the major factor that led to the creation of the NSDAP under the eventual strangle-hold of Hitler, a fundamentally racist and anti-Semitic movement that continued the German tradition of awarding and wearing badges. The traditional symbols of Imperial Germany, such as the eagle, were then infused with the swastika, an emblem that was meant to signify anti-Semitism, thus creating a hybrid identity. This combination was then replicated en-masse, and eventually eclipsed all the symbols that had possessed symbolic significance in Germany’s past. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor in 1933, millions of medals and badges were produced in an effort to create a racially based “People’s Community”, but the steel and iron that were required for munitions eventually led to substitute materials being utilised and developed in order to manufacture millions of politically oriented badges. The Second World War unleashed Nazi terror across Europe, and the conscripts and volunteers who took part in this fight for living-space were rewarded with medals that were modelled on those that had been instituted during Imperial times. The colonial conquest and occupation of the East by the Wehrmacht, the Order Police and the Waffen-SS surpassed the brutality of former wars that finally culminated in the Holocaust, and some of these horrific crimes and the perpetrators of them were perversely rewarded with medals and badges. Despite Nazism being thoroughly discredited, many of the Allied soldiers who occupied Germany took part in the age-old practice of obtaining trophies of war, which reconfigured the meaning of Nazi badges as souvenirs, and began the process of their increased commodification on an emerging secondary collectors’ market. In order to analyse the dynamics of this market, a “basket” of badges is examined that enables a discussion of the role that aesthetics, scarcity and authenticity have in determining the price of the artefacts. In summary, this thesis demonstrates how the symbolic, socio-economic and exchange value of German military and political medals and badges has changed substantially over time, provides a stimulus for scholars to conduct research in this under-developed area, and encourages collectors to investigate the artefacts that they collect in a more historically contextualised manner.

Narrativas murales : Persuasión y producción cultural en la Roma imperial y la cristiandad

El propósito del presente trabajo es demostrar, por medio de la imagen, la función de la propaganda política en la Roma imperial y en la Iglesia de la Edad Media, tomando como ejemplo los relieves narrativos de la columna de Trajano y los vitrales de la catedral de Notre Dame de Chartres. Poniendo énfasis en que política y religión son inseparables, en ambas realidades históricas diferentes, con una idea en común: el poder como instrumento para obtener el anhelado consenso, por medio de mensajes eternizados en piedra o vidrio capaces de resistir el paso tiempo.

Narrativas murales : Persuasión y producción cultural en la Roma imperial y la cristiandad

El propósito del presente trabajo es demostrar, por medio de la imagen, la función de la propaganda política en la Roma imperial y en la Iglesia de la Edad Media, tomando como ejemplo los relieves narrativos de la columna de Trajano y los vitrales de la catedral de Notre Dame de Chartres. Poniendo énfasis en que política y religión son inseparables, en ambas realidades históricas diferentes, con una idea en común: el poder como instrumento para obtener el anhelado consenso, por medio de mensajes eternizados en piedra o vidrio capaces de resistir el paso tiempo.

Contemporary English drama : a program of study for the South Carolina Federation of Women's Clubs

This program-bulletin has been prepared by Dr. G. A. Wauchope, head of the English Department of the University: of South Carolina, for the use of Women's Literary Clubs and for the guidance of any who would acquaint themselves with the recent dramatic movement in Great Britain. A list of authors and their works are discussed.

Papel de la comunidad internacional en la resocialización de niños soldados desvinculados del ejército de resistencia del señor en Uganda (2002-2013)

El objetivo de esta investigación diagnóstica es evaluar las acciones de la Comunidad Internacional en materia de resocialización de niños soldados desvinculados del Ejército de Resistencia del Señor (ERS) en Uganda durante el periodo de 2002 a 2013. Para ello, se hace un análisis de las causas de la existencia de niños soldados, donde se tiene en cuenta la evolución del concepto de la infancia y las particularidades que éste representa en el contexto africano. Así mismo, son analizados los alcances y limitaciones del modelo de asistencia humanitaria para la protección de la niñez enfatizando en los procesos de resocialización brindados a los niños desvinculados del ERS. Esto con el fin de evidenciar las limitaciones de la actuación de la Comunidad Internacional, y brindar una serie de recomendaciones para la implementación de programas de resocialización enfocados en la infancia.

Los mandarines del Brasil imperial

Introducción Los  hombres políticos del Imperio Brasil (1822-1889) han servido de inspiración para una abundantísima producción historiográfica. Sin embargo, los estudiosos han experimentado dificultades al intentar generalizaciones validas con respecto a  las características de carrera, de los políticos imperiales: su procedencia, entrenamiento, integración y promoción dentro de las filas de  la elite política. Las buenas biografías suministran detalles útiles acerca de ciertos políticos en particular y de su carrera pero no permiten identificar el sistema adaptado por la monarquía, con el propósito de desarrollar su elite política propia. Las generalizaciones se han basado en casos individuales y no existe ningún estado adecuado sobre las normas colectivas de  la carrera política.

ELEMENTOS DE REFLEXÃO ACERCA DA GEOGRAFIA ENSINADA NO IMPERIAL COLLEGIO DE PEDRO II E DE SUA RELAÇÃO COM A QUESTÃO DA FORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL E DO ESTADO NAÇÃO BRASILEIROS.

A proposta temática versa sobre a geographya ensinada no Imperial Collegio de Pedro II ao longo do século XIX e de sua relação com o processo de formação do Estado imperial brasileiro, cujo aparelhamento, entre outros fins, voltava-se teleologicamente para a formação da nação e do território. Entre muitos pontos passíveis de reflexão, objetiva-se destacar elementos didáticos identificados nos programas curriculares da disciplina escolar em questão e de sua forte articulação ao exercício de doutrinação patriótica, à conscientização do espaço nacional e à reprodução da ordem social e estatal. Para tanto, analisa-se o papel exercido pelos professores da mencionada instituição e o comprometimento desses com o projeto de Estado implementado pela elite dirigente de então, da qual tais professores eram membros integrantes. É necessário esclarecer o fato de a presente proposta vincular-se não somente a uma tentativa de operar uma historiografia da geografia no Brasil, assinalada por uma análise dessa disciplina escolar institucionalizada, nem apenas por uma historiografia do pensamento geográfico vigente numa instituição escolar de peso histórico no Brasil, mas também a uma tentativa em contribuir para a elucidação de processos particulares que ajudaram a desencadear o processo social de escala mais abrangente: a formação territorial brasileira.