Influence of the extraction method and storage time on the physicochemical properties and carotenoid levels of pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) oil

The objective of this study was to analyze the physicochemical properties and carotenoid levels of pequi oil obtained by different extraction methods and to evaluate the preservation of these properties and pigments during storage time. The pequi oil was obtained by solvent extraction, mechanical extraction, and hot water flotation. It was stored for over 180 days in an amber bottle at ambient conditions. Analyses for the determination of the acidity, peroxide, saponification and iodine values, coloration, total carotenoids, and β-carotene levels were conducted. The oil extraction with solvents produced the best yield and carotenoid levels. The oil obtained by mechanical extraction presented higher acidity (5.44 mg KOH.g-1) and peroxide values (1.07 mEq.kg-1). During the storage of pequi oil, there was an increase in the acidity and the peroxide values, darkening of the oil coloration, and a reduction of the carotenoid levels. Mechanical extraction is the less advantageous method for the conservation of the physicochemical properties and carotenoid levels in pequi oil.

Sesame and flaxseed oil: nutritional quality and effects on serum lipids and glucose in rats

This study evaluated the nutritional value of sesame and flaxseed oils and their effects on the lipid and glucose profile of rats fed diets containing different fat combinations. Fatty acid composition, refractive index, and iodine and saponification values were analyzed to characterize the oils. In the biological assay, Wistar rats were fed different diets, whose fat composition consisted of varying combinations of flaxseed oil, sesame oil, and animal fat. The primary constituents of the sesame oil were oleic (28.6%), linoleic (28.4%), and lauric acid (14.6%); for the flaxseed oil they were alpha-linolenic (39.90%), oleic (17.97%) and linoleic acid (12.25%). The iodine and saponification values of the oils were within the reference range. Rats fed flaxseed oil-based diets had the lowest serum cholesterol values, whereas rats fed diets with flaxseed oil + sesame oil + animal fat had the highest glucose levels. HDL levels decreased significantly with flaxseed oil. Sesame and flaxseed oils are sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and the flaxseed oil-based diet had a hypocholesterolemic effect, whereas sesame oil showed oxidative stability since it contains high levels of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids.

Characterization of a hydrolyzed oil obtained from fish waste for nutraceutical application

The fish industry generates high volume of waste from fish oil that can have the extraction of its lipids used as nutraceuticals and foods. The objective of this study was to produce unsaturated fatty acids from industrialized fish oil by means of a differentiated hydrolysis process. The samples used were crude fish oil obtained from Campestre industry and characterized through physical-chemical parameters, according to AOCS: acidity, peroxide, saponification, iodine and percentage of free fatty acids and also obtained the fatty acid profile through derivatization method for gas chromatography. The results obtained for the oleochemical indices for refined oil were similar to the data found on the literature. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was found of 32,78%, with 9,12% of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and 10,36% of eicosapentaenoic (EPA), regarding monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) content was of 30,59% in the hydrolyzed fish oil in relation to refined (20,06%). Thus, it can be concluded that the hydrolysis process used for oils from fish-waste was satisfactory on the production of absolute yield of lipids in the process and significant preservation on the percentages of EPA and DHA, interesting on the production of nutraceuticals and nutrition of aquatic animals, including shrimp in captivity.

The crystal and molecular structure of thiamine hydroiodide /|nWilliam Edward Lee. -- 260 St. Catharines [Ont.] : Dept. of Chemistry, Brock University,

The x-ray crystal structure of thiamine hydroiodide,C1ZH18N40S12' has been determined. The unit cell parameters are a = 13.84 ± 0.03, o b = 7.44 ± 0.01, c = 20.24 ± 0.02 A, 8 = 120.52 ± 0.07°, space group P2/c, z = 4. A total of 1445 reflections having ,2 > 2o(F2), 26 < 40° were collected on a Picker four-circle diffractometer with MoKa radiation by the 26 scan technique. The structure was solved by the heavy atom method. The iodine and sulphur atoms were refined anisotropically; only the positional parameters were refined for the hydrogen atoms. Successive least squares cycles yielded an unweighted R factor of 0.054. The site of protonation of the pyrimidine ring is the nitrogen opposite the amino group. The overall structure conforms very closely to the structures of other related thiamine compounds. The bonding surrounding the iodine atoms is distorted tetrahedral. The iodine atoms make several contacts with surrounding atoms most of them at or near the van der Waal's distances A thiaminium tetrachlorocobaltate salt was produced whose molecular and crystal structure was j~dged to be isomorphous to thiaminium tetrachlorocadmate.

Tetrathiafulvalene and 2,2'-Bipyridine: Bridging both Worlds in the Pursuit of Novel Molecular Materials

The preparation and characterization of two families of building blocks for molecule-based magnetic and conducting materials are described in three projects. In the first project the synthesis and characterization of three bis-imine ligands LI - L3 is reported. Coordination of LI to a series of metal salts afforded the five novel coordination complexes Sn(L4)C4 (I), [Mn(L4)(u-CI)(CI)(EtOH)h (II), [CU(L4)(u-sal) h(CI04)2 (sal = salicylaldehyde anion) (III), [Fe(Ls)2]CI (IV) and [Fe(LI)h(u-O) (V). All complexes have been structurally and magnetically characterized. X-ray diffraction studies revealed that, upon coordination to Lewis acidic metal salts, the imine bonds of LI are susceptible to nucleophilic attack. As a consequence, the coordination complexes (I) - (IV) contain either the cyclised ligand L4 or hydrolysed ligand Ls. In contrast, the dimeric Fe3+ complex (V) comprises two intact ligand LI molecules. In. this complex, the ligand chelates two Fe(III) centres in a bis-bidentate manner through the lone pairs of a phenoxy oxygen and an imine nitrogen atom. Magnetic studies of complexes (II-V) indicate that the dominant interactions between neighbouring metal centres in all of the complexes are antiferromagnetic. In the second project the synthesis and characterization two families of TTF donors, namely the cyano aryl compounds (VI) - (XI) and the his-aryl TTF derivatives (XII) - (XIV) are reported. The crystal structures of compounds (VI), (VII), (IX) and (XII) exhibit regular stacks comprising of neutral donors. The UV -Vis spectra of compounds (VI) - (XIV) present an leT band, indicative of the transfer of electron density from the TTF donors to the aryl acceptor molecules. Chemical oxidation of donors (VI), (VII), (IX) and (XII) with iodine afforded a series of CT salts that where possible have been characterized by single crystal X -ray diffraction. Structural studies showed that the radical cations in these salts are organized in stacks comprising of dimers of oxidized TTF donors. All four salts behave as semiconductors, displaying room temperature conductivities ranging from 1.852 x 10-7 to 9.620 X 10-3 Scm-I. A second series of CT salts were successfully prepared via the technique of electrocrystallization. Following this methodology, single crystals of two CT salts were obtained. The single crystal X-ray structures of both salts are isostructural, displaying stacks formed by trimers of oxidized donors. Variable temperature conductivity measurements carried out on this series of CT salts reveal they also are semiconductors with conductivities ranging from 2.94 x 10-7 to 1.960 X 10-3 S em-I at room temperature. In the third project the synthesis and characterization of a series of MII(hfac)2 coordination complexes of donor ligand (XII) where M2+ = Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ are reported. These complexes crystallize in a head-to-tail arrangement of TTF donor and bipyridine moieties, placing the metal centres and hfac ligands are located outside the stacks. Magnetic studies of the complexes (XV) - (XVIII) indicate that the bulky hfac ligands prevent neighbouring metal centres from assembling in close proximity, and thus they are magnetically isolated.

Transport d’iode par le transporteur de sodium/acide monocarboxylique SMCT1

Le transporteur de Na+/ acide monocarboxylique sensible à l’ibuprofène (SMCT1) est exprimé dans la membrane apicale de plusieurs épithélia. Son rôle physiologique dans la glande thyroïde reste cependant obscur mais on présume qu’il pourrait agir comme un transporteur apical d’iode nécessaire pour la synthèse des hormones thyroïdiennes. Récemment, on a montré que SMCT1 possède un courant de fuite anionique sensible à [Na+]e qui permettrait de transporter l’iode de façon électrogénique. Cependant, un efflux d’iode sensible à l’ibuprofène, mais indépendant de la [Na+]e a été aussi observé sur des cultures primaires des thyrocytes porcins, suggérant un autre mécanisme de transport d’iode par SMCT1. Ce travail vise à comprendre les caractéristiques de ce genre de transport en utilisant comme modèle d’expression les ovocytes de Xenopus laevis. Les résultats obtenus des essais de captation d’iode radioactif montrent que SMCT1 présente un transport d’iode sensible à l’ibuprofène de l’ordre de 30nmol/ovocyte/h. Si ce transport est non saturable en iode (0-100 mM), il nécessite du Na+ dans la solution externe. En effet, le remplacement du Na+ extracellulaire par le NMDG inhibe complètement le transport. En outre, on s’est intéressé à exclure la possibilité de différents artefacts. En ayant trouvé que la grande majorité de l’iode radioactif se trouve dans la partie soluble de l’ovocyte, on exclut une liaison non spécifique de l’iode à la membrane cellulaire. Cependant, une bonne proportion de l’iode transporté pourrait être liée à des protéines à l’intérieur de l`ovocyte. En effet, on observe une réduction du transport d’iode dans les ovocytes exprimant SMCT1 de 81,6 ± 2 % en présence de 2 % BSA dans la solution extracellulaire. Également, on écarte la possibilité que le transport d’iode soit le résultat de la surexpression de protéines de transport endogènes dont les canaux chlore. Le transport d’iode semble spécifique à l’expression de SMCT1 et de manière intéressante à l’expression d’un autre transporteur de monocarboxylates, MCT1. L’analyse de l’ensemble des essais, y compris le fait que l’amplitude du transport observé est 20 fois plus grande que celle du courant de fuite nous mène à proposer que SMCT1 puisse transporter l’iode de façon électroneutre. Cependant, le mécanisme par lequel ceci est accompli n’est pas évident à identifier. L’utilisation d’un autre modèle cellulaire serait surement utile pour répondre à cette question.

Étude de l'association supramoléculaire à l'état solide des fullerènes C60 et C70 avec des dérivés triptycényles fonctionnalisés

Le fullerène C60 est une molécule sphérique composée exclusivement d'atomes de carbone. Ce composé possède une surface aromatique convexe homogène et peut s'associer, entre autres, avec des molécules possédant des surfaces aromatiques par des interactions non-covalentes. Le triptycène est une molécule en forme de "Y" qui possède des surfaces aromatiques convexes. Cette molécule possède l'habileté de s'associer avec le C60 par des interactions de type π qui sont amplifiées par la complémentarité des surfaces concaves et convexes impliquées dans les arrangements cristallins. Nous avons synthétisé des dérivés triptycényles portant des groupements fonctionnels aux extrémités des bras de ce noyau de façon à étendre les cavités disponibles pour interagir avec le C60. En effet, nous avons découvert que les atomes de chlore, de brome et d'iode ainsi que les groupements méthyle permettent d'étendre les surfaces disponibles pour interagir avec les fullerènes C60 et C70. Nous avons étudié les associations entre les dérivés triptycényles et les fullerènes par l'analyse des structures cristallographiques résolues par diffraction des rayons-X. De plus, nous avons étudié les associations entre les molécules considérées par l'analyse des surfaces d'Hirshfeld entourant les fullerènes. Découlant de ces études, l'effet d'amplification des atomes de chlore, de brome et d'iode ainsi que les groupements méthyle a été employé pour identifier de nouveaux solvants aptes à solubiliser efficacement le C60.

Monohalogénocyclopropanations stéréosélectives à l'aide de carbénoïdes de zinc, couplages croisés de cyclopropylsilanols, cyclisations d'iodures d'alkyle catalysées par le nickel

Les cyclopropanes sont des unités qui sont très importantes en raison de leur présence dans de nombreux produits naturels, dans certaines molécules synthétiques ayant une activité biologique, ainsi que dans plusieurs intermédiaires synthétiques. Les travaux décrits dans cet ouvrage portent sur l’halogénocyclopropanation stéréosélective d’alcools allyliques en présence d’un ligand chiral stœchiométrique de type dioxaborolane et de carbénoïdes de zinc substitués dérivés de composés organozinciques et d’haloformes. Nous avons ainsi développé des conditions pour l’iodo-, la chloro- et la fluorocyclopropanation stéréosélective. Une étude mécanistique portant sur la nature des carbénoïdes alpha-chlorés et alpha-bromés a révélé qu’il y a un échange des halogènes portés par ces carbénoïdes. Lors de la chlorocyclopropanation, le carbénoïde le plus réactif (alpha-chloré) réagit de façon prédominante en vertu du principe de Curtin-Hammet. Les iodocyclopropanes énantioenrichis ont pu être fonctionnalisés via une réaction d’échange lithium-iode suivie du traitement avec des électrophiles, ou via une réaction de transmétallation au zinc suivie d’un couplage de Negishi. Ainsi, toute une gamme de cyclopropanes 1,2,3-substitués énantioenrichis a pu être synthétisée. Dans l’optique de développer de nouvelles méthodologies de fonctionnalisation des cyclopropanes, nous nous sommes par la suite tournés vers le couplage croisé de type Hiyama-Denmark des cyclopropylsilanols. Dans cette voie synthétique, le groupement silanol a deux fonctions : il sert de groupement proximal basique lors de la cyclopropanation de Simmons-Smith et il subit la transmétallation au cours du couplage croisé. Dans l’étape du couplage croisé, la nature des ligands liés à l’atome de silicium s’est avérée cruciale au bon déroulement de la réaction. Ainsi, l’échange de ligands avec le diéthyl éthérate de trifluoroborane générant le cyclopropyltrifluorosilane in situ est requis pour obtenir de bons rendements. Le dernier volet de cet ouvrage porte sur la cyclisation d’iodures d’alkyle par substitution aromatique par voie homolytique catalysée par le nickel. Une série de composés de type tétrahydronaphtalène et thiochromane ont été préparés selon cette méthode. Une étude mécanistique a confirmé la nature radicalaire de cette réaction et suggère fortement l’action catalytique du nickel. De plus, des études de spectrométrie RMN DOSY ont montré une association entre le complexe de nickel et le substrat ainsi que la base employés dans cette réaction.

Segmentation du rein fonctionnel à partir de CTdouble énergie injectés

Les néphropaties (maladie des tissus rénaux) postradiques constituent l'un des facteurs limitants pour l'élaboration des plans de traitement lors des radiothérapies abdominales. Le processus actuel, qui consiste à évaluer la fonctionnalité relative des reins grâce à une scintigraphie gamma deux dimensions, ne permet pas d'identifier les portions fonctionnelles qui pourraient être évitées lors de l' élaboration des plans de traitement. Une méthode permettant de cartographier la fonctionnalité rénale en trois dimensions et d'extraire un contour fonctionnel utilisable lors de la planification a été développée à partir de CT double énergie injectés à l'iode. La concentration en produit de contraste est considérée reliée à la fonctionnalité rénale. La technique utilisée repose sur la décomposition à trois matériaux permettant de reconstruire des images en concentration d'iode. Un algorithme de segmentation semi-automatisé basé sur la déformation hiérarchique et anamorphique de surfaces permet ensuite d'extraire le contour fonctionnel des reins. Les premiers résultats obtenus avec des images patient démontrent qu'une utilisation en clinique est envisageable et pourra être bénéfique.

Azabicycloalkanone synthesis by transannular cyclization

Une stratégie de synthèse efficace de différents composés de type azabicyclo[X.Y.0]alkanone fonctionnalisés a été développée. La stratégie synthétique implique la préparation de dipeptides par couplage avec des motifs vinyl-, allyl-, homoallyl- et homohomoallylglycine suivi d’une réaction de fermeture de cycle par métathèse permettant d’obtenir des lactames macrocycliques de 8, 9 et 10 membres, qui subissent une iodolactamisation transannulaire menant à l’obtention de mimes peptidiques bicycliques portant un groupement iode. Des couplages croisés catalysés par des métaux de transition ont été développés pour la synthèse d’acides aminés ω-insaturés énantiomériquement purs à partir de l’iodoanaline. L’étude du mécanisme suggère que l’iodure subit une attaque du coté le moins stériquement encombré de la lactame macrocyclique insaturée pour mener à l’obtention d’un intermédiaire iodonium. La cyclisation se produit ensuite par une route minimisant les interactions diaxiales et la tension allylique. L’iodolactamisation des différentes lactames macrocycliques insaturées a mené à l’obtention regio- et diastéréosélective d’acides aminés 5,5- et 6,6-iodobicycicliques. De plus, une imidate azabicyclo[4.3.1]alkane pontée de type anti-Bredt fut synthétisée à partir d’une lactame macrocyclique insaturé à neuf membres. Les analyses cristallographiques et spectroscopiques des macrocycles à 8, 9 et 10 membres, du composé iodobicyclique 5,5 ainsi que de l’imidate pontée, montrent bien le potentiel de ces dipeptides rigidifiés de servir en tant que mimes des résidus centraux de tours β de type I, II’, II et VI.

Electro-Optical Properties of Metal Phthalocyanines and Naphthalocyanines

The thesis deals with the preparation of chemical, optical, thermal and electrical characterization of five compounds, namely metal free naphthalocyanine, vanadyl napthalocyanine, zinc naphlocyanine, europium dinaphthalocyanine, and europium diphthalocyanine in the pristine and iodine-doped forms. Two important technological properties of these compounds have been investigated. The electrical properties are important in applications sensors and semiconductor lasers. Opto-thermal properties assume significance for optical imaging and data recording. The electrical properties were investigated by dc and ac techniques. This work has revealed some novel information on the conduction mechanism in five macrocyclic compounds and their iodine-doped forms. Also useful data on the thermal diffusivity of the target compounds have been obtained by optical techniques.

Plasma Polymerised Organic Thin Films-A Study on the Structural, Electrical and Nonlinear Optical Properties for Possible Applications

This proposed thesis is entitled “Plasma Polymerised Organic Thin Films: A study on the Structural, Electrical, and Nonlinear Optical Properties for Possible Applications. Polymers and polymer based materials find enormous applications in the realm of electronics and optoelectronics. They are employed as both active and passive components in making various devices. Enormous research activities are going on in this area for the last three decades or so, and many useful contributions are made quite accidentally. Conducting polymers is such a discovery, and eversince the discovery of conducting polyacetylene, a new branch of science itself has emerged in the form of synthetic metals. Conducting polymers are useful materials for many applications like polymer displays, high density data storage, polymer FETs, polymer LEDs, photo voltaic devices and electrochemical cells. With the emergence of molecular electronics and its potential in finding useful applications, organic thin films are receiving an unusual attention by scientists and engineers alike. This is evident from the vast literature pertaining to this field appearing in various journals. Recently, computer aided design of organic molecules have added further impetus to the ongoing research activities in this area. Polymers, especially, conducting polymers can be prepared both in the bulk and in the thinfilm form. However, many applications necessitate that they are grown in the thin film form either as free standing or on appropriate substrates. As far as their bulk counterparts are concerned, they can be prepared by various polymerisation techniques such as chemical routes and electrochemical means. A survey of the literature reveals that polymers like polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, have been investigated with a view to studying their structural electrical and optical properties. Among the various alternate techniques employed for the preparation of polymer thin films, the method of plasma polymerisation needs special attention in this context. The technique of plasma polymerisation is an inexpensive method and often requires very less infra structure. This method includes the employment of ac, rf, dc, microwave and pulsed sources. They produce pinhole free homogeneous films on appropriate substrates under controlled conditions. In conventional plasma polymerisation set up, the monomer is fed into an evacuated chamber and an ac/rf/dc/ w/pulsed discharge is created which enables the monomer species to dissociate, leading to the formation of polymer thin films. However, it has been found that the structure and hence the properties exhibited by plasma polymerized thin films are quite different from that of their counterparts produced by other thin film preparation techniques such as electrochemical deposition or spin coating. The properties of these thin films can be tuned only if the interrelationship between the structure and other properties are understood from a fundamental point of view. So very often, a through evaluation of the various properties is a pre-requisite for tailoring the properties of the thin films for applications. It has been found that conjugation is a necessary condition for enhancing the conductivity of polymer thin films. RF technique of plasma polymerisation is an excellent tool to induce conjugation and this modifies the electrical properties too. Both oxidative and reductive doping can be employed to modify the electrical properties of the polymer thin films for various applications. This is where organic thin films based on polymers scored over inorganic thin films, where in large area devices can be fabricated with organic semiconductors which is difficult to achieve by inorganic materials. For such applications, a variety of polymers have been synthesized such as polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole etc. There are newer polymers added to this family every now and then. There are many virgin areas where plasma polymers are yet to make a foray namely low-k dielectrics or as potential nonlinear optical materials such as optical limiters. There are also many materials which are not been prepared by the method of plasma polymerisation. Some of the materials which are not been dealt with are phenyl hydrazine and tea tree oil. The advantage of employing organic extracts like tea tree oil monomers as precursors for making plasma polymers is that there can be value addition to the already existing uses and possibility exists in converting them to electronic grade materials, especially semiconductors and optically active materials for photonic applications. One of the major motivations of this study is to synthesize plasma polymer thin films based on aniline, phenyl hydrazine, pyrrole, tea tree oil and eucalyptus oil by employing both rf and ac plasma polymerisation techniques. This will be carried out with the objective of growing thin films on various substrates such as glass, quartz and indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass. There are various properties namely structural, electrical, dielectric permittivity, nonlinear optical properties which are to be evaluated to establish the relationship with the structure and the other properties. Special emphasis will be laid in evaluating the optical parameters like refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (k), the real and imaginary components of dielectric constant and the optical transition energies of the polymer thin films from the spectroscopic ellipsometric studies. Apart from evaluating these physical constants, it is also possible to predict whether a material exhibit nonlinear optical properties by ellipsometric investigations. So further studies using open aperture z-scan technique in order to evaluate the nonlinear optical properties of a few selected samples which are potential nonlinear optical materials is another objective of the present study. It will be another endeavour to offer an appropriate explanation for the nonlinear optical properties displayed by these films. Doping of plasma polymers is found to modify both the electrical conductivity and optical properties. Iodine is found to modify the properties of the polymer thin films. However insitu iodine doping is tricky and the film often looses its stability because of the escape of iodine. An appropriate insitu technique of doping will be developed to dope iodine in to the plasma polymerized thin films. Doping of polymer thin films with iodine results in improved and modified optical and electrical properties. However it requires tools like FTIR and UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy to elucidate the structural and optical modifications imparted to the polymer films. This will be attempted here to establish the role of iodine in the modification of the properties exhibited by the films

Changes in Protein, Carbohydrate and lipid content of cashew kernels during storage under two humidity conditions

The changes occuring to cashew kernels during storage at two humidity levels - 80% to 20% with respect to organoleptic characteristics, protein content, carbohydrate content, oil content, iodine and peroxide values were studied. From the present study it is concluded that organoleptic characteristics of cashew kernels deteriorates with increase in humidity. Decrease in protein and carbohydrate content of stored cashew kernel is dependent on humidity. Humidity increased oxidative rancidification.

Determination of the nature of the diperiodatocuprate(III) species in aqueous alkaline medium through a kinetic and mechanistic study on the oxidation of iodide ion

The nature of the diperiodatocuprate(III) (DPC) species present in aqueous alkaline medium has been investigated by a kinetic and mechanistic study on the oxidation of iodide by DPC. The reaction kinetics were studied over the 1.0 ´ 10)3±0.1 mol dm)3 alkali range. The reaction order with respect to DPC, as well as iodide, was found to be unity when [DPC] [I)]. In the 1.0 ´ 10)3±1.0 ´ 10)2 mol dm)3 alkali region, the rate decreased with increase in the alkali concentration and a plot of the pseudo-®rst order rate constant, k versus 1/[OH)] was linear. Above 5.0 ´ 10)2 mol dm)3, a plot of k versus [OH)] was also linear with a non-zero intercept. An increase in ionic strength of the reaction mixtures showed no e ect on k at low alkali concentrations, whereas at high concentrations an increase in ionic strength leads to an increase in k. A plot of 1/k versus [periodate] was linear with an intercept in both alkali ranges. Iodine was found to accelerate the reaction at the three di erent alkali concentrations employed. The observed results indicated the following equilibria for DPC.

Evaluation of electrical conductivity and thermal diffusivity of vanadyl naphthalocyanine

The electrical conductivity and thermal diffusivity of pristine and iodine doped vanadyl naphthalocyanine (VONc) were studied. In the pristine sample, the temperature dependence was very weak below 300 K. The increase in conductivity at higher temperature must be due to an enhancement in carrier density with increase in thermal energy. The electrical conductivity of VONc increased when doped with iodine. The behavior of VONcI indicated that considerable changes have occurred in the electronic environment of the molecule as a result of doping. Iodine doping enhanced the thermal diffusivity of VONc. The increase in thermal diffusivity of the iodine doped sample may be due to the disorder of iodine atoms occupying the channels in one dimensional lattices.