Efeito da guia de desoclusão pelo canino, em compraração á oclusão balanceada bilateral, sobre a satisfação e parâmetros cinesiográficos em usuários de próteses totais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A constituição das disciplinas de metodologia do ensino de língua portuguesa (MELP) em dois cursos de licenciatura em Letras da região metropolitana de Belém

A presente pesquisa desenvolve uma discussão acerca da formação inicial de professores de Licenciatura em Letras - Português. A crise pela qual passa a educação no Brasil hoje afeta a universidade brasileira e tem reflexos diretos sobre a qualidade da educação básica, na medida em que deveria constituir centro de formação, reflexão e produção de conhecimento para a escola. Os problemas que a universidade encara, especificamente no tocante às licenciaturas, têm raízes muito mais complexas do que a formulação de metas quantitativas para a formação inicial de professores ou para a alocação de recursos financeiros. Logo, é importante (e necessário) que se conheça melhor a constituição dos cursos de licenciatura que estão formando os professores contemporâneos. A pesquisa proposta tem como objetivo investigar, em duas instituições de ensino superior da região metropolitana de Belém-PA (uma pública e uma privada), a constituição das “disciplinas” de Metodologia do Ensino de Língua Portuguesa, denominadas como MELP. O quadro teórico que norteia este trabalho é o da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, de maneira particular os conceitos de Função Enunciativa, Formação Discursiva e Disciplina, apresentados por Michel Foucault em suas obras Arqueologia do Saber (1987) e A Ordem do Discurso (1996). Analisamos dados coletados em pesquisa documental (Projeto Pedagógico do Curso, Ementas, Planos de ensino e Material didático) e pesquisa de campo (observação em sala de aula, anotações de alunos e diário de campo), com o intuito de verificar quais elementos de disciplinas, no sentido foucaultiano (FOUCAULT, 1996), se fazem presentes na constituição das atividades curriculares de MELP desses Cursos de Licenciatura em Letras. Os dados de duas disciplinas foram analisados a fim de identificar que objetos, métodos, proposições, definições/conceitos são reconhecidos e de que maneira se relacionam. Os resultados mostram um cenário bem diverso quanto à organização das atividades de prática de ensino e estágio supervisionado nos dois cursos no que tange a) à distribuição da carga horária no currículo; b) à articulação de objetos, métodos, conceitos e proposições de disciplinas variadas e c) ao próprio papel do aluno de Letras. O desafio que se apresenta é constituir as MELP a partir de um processo disciplinar de produção de saberes.

As idéias: asas espirituais do interesse : um estudo de sociologia política de Max Weber

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O Professor no Cotidiano Escolar: uma experiência no ensino superior

O trabalho trata do relato de uma experiência didática, realizada numa disciplina introdutória do curso de Pedagogia. Procura levar à reflexão acerca de como a ação do professor do futuro professor está mais comprometida com a realização dos rituais acadêmicos tradicionais, do que com princípios revolucionários que geram as mudanças efetivas na área educacional (ou social) e como os discursos teóricos incorporados nos conteúdos programáticos, de cursos superiores de formação de professores, se perdem na rotina da sala de aula da própria universidade. O relato busca promover a reflexão acerca da contribuição dos professores universitários na formação de profissionais mais críticos, considerando a incoerência entre a teoria que prega e a prática que assume. Por fim são apresentadas pequenas iniciativas para tentar “transgredir” com o instituído, para romper com as relações de poder existentes nas instituições educacionais. O trabalho traz, em seu bojo, algumas observações registradas pelos alunos que participaram dessa iniciativa.

Currículos de formação de professores de língua portuguesa: instituições autônomas e o poder de sua história

Baseia-se em uma pesquisa interinstitucional que focaliza o âmbito mais amplo em que são formuladas e implementadas as políticas de formação de professores no Estado de São Paulo. Tem por objetivo contribuir para a elucidação das forças presentes em movimentos de reforma curricular nos cursos de licenciatura, cotejando dados e aspectos socioculturais e institucionais circundantes. A análise incide sobre projetos pedagógicos de dois cursos de Letras de duas universidades públicas paulistas. Essas instituições desenvolveram, nos últimos anos, projetos ou ações de formação de professores para a escola básica, e é nesse contexto que se inserem os projetos pedagógicos analisados, que são tomados como exemplos de caminhos diferenciados que as universidades traçam, influenciadas pela história de cada instituição. O procedimento de pesquisa adotado foi a análise documental e o conceito de currículo em processo orientou as reflexões desenvolvidas. Reafirma-se, como em outros estudos, que a necessária integração entre saberes pedagógicos e saberes provenientes da área de referência continua sendo tarefa difícil, que as circunstâncias na criação dos cursos e a formação superposta deixou suas marcas nas instituições e que as tentativas para superá-la constituem exemplos esparsos e não modelos generalizados, o que ressalta a relevância da continuidade das pesquisas sobre o currículo dos cursos de licenciatura.

Método de pesquisa da temática deficiência nos currículos de psicologia

The curricula study allows the verification of trends, concepts and the identification of teaching practices, enabling the planning and implementation of changes when necessary. The material presented here is part of the results obtained in a postgraduate research that deals with the training of psychologists to work with people with disabilities, which appealed to the document analysis. To accomplish this task it was used a methodological procedure named searching through radical, which allowed greater agility to the search, enabling the quick identification of the courses containing topics of interest for research, facilitating their selection to study. The use of document analysis as a methodology allowed both the collection and organization of information that were diffused, providing them new configuration as source of information, as the processing and interpretation of the raw data, giving them direction and adding them value. In 36 courses, 35 had at least one subject related to persons with disabilities, and the sum of these resulted in 85 subjects for analysis. The interpretation of data obtained through reading the menus brought information about prevalent intentions on the menus of the subjects, to research in the area, teaching procedures, techniques and possibilities of action and insertion of psychologists in different contexts in which they can deal with disability. In a positive perspective, the results showed that there seems to be a tendency to enhance the interface of psychology with other knowledge areas to understand the issues related to disability.

A Inserção da Competência Informacional nos currículos dos cursos de Biblioteconomia no Brasil e de Informação e Documentação na Espanha

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sobre o teorema do valor intermediário

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Concepções dos estudos de usuários na visão dos professores dos cursos de Biblioteconomia brasileiros

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Contribuições de elementos do construtivismo e da mediação da informação para a inclusão digital de idosos

The life expectancy increase has been augmenting studies on human aging. Among these studies are those that address the interaction between the elderly and the information and communication technologies, which may facilitate the execution of daily activities by elderly people. Therefore, the goal of this article was to investigate the application of constructivist elements in computer courses offered to Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade – UNATI – UNESP – Campus of Marília, contributing to the digital inclusion of this community. The constructivist elements focused on the role of the teacher as a mediator in the teaching-learning process. It was found that most of these elements are already being applied in this universe, but some changes need to be undertaken in order to expand the opportunities for education and to allow students to have more autonomy for information seeking and use in the web environment.

Professores e pesquisa: da formação ao trabalho docente, uma tessitura possível

This paper is the result of a research called Pedagogic Research in Education Schools: Aspects of the Work Conducted by Teachers developed at the post-doctorate training level at Fundação Carlos Chagas. It proposes a reflection on the concept of research that seeks to define and clarify their specific features, and brings about some of the differences that define the university, the school and the pedagogic researches, indicating the relevance of the last one in the teachers’ training process. The relationship between research and teachers’ training is highlighted as well as the need of a curricular restructuring in Education courses , in order to think research as a forming axis in teachers’ formation. Furthermore, the contributions of research in the teaching formation and practice is addressed, along with the study of school daily activities, focused on the necessary moment to put the assumptions underlying teachers’ practices into practice and also to experience socialization among students, teachers and other professionals in this field of knowledge.

Humanização da saúde na formação de profissionais da fisioterapia

Introduction: the relationship between professional and patient oriented by humanization standards is a current issue in health research, since this relationship influences the processes of physical recovery, pain reduction and quality of life of individuals. However, this is not observed in most graduate programs in health, which emphasize knowledge and methods in the traditional Cartesian thinking. Objective: to evaluate the importance of contents and practices with a focus on issues of embodiment and alterity, from the perspective of the humanization of health in Physiotherapy courses. Method: we used a qualitative method and data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted by five randomly selected physiotherapists, aged between 23 and 36 years, with professional experience between two and thirteen years. The questions were on: physical therapy, physical therapist and patient relationship, work pace, involvement in trade associations, field and insert content and practices of the humanization of health in undergraduate courses. Result: the Physiotherapy graduate courses do not prepare the professional to take a close bond with patients. The application of techniques and protocols are focused on knowledge and do not apply to skills related to living together. Conclusion: the curriculum of graduating courses in health should be revised to expand the capacity of the students to become a professional who take care of patients and act as mediator between techniques and protocols, from the perspective of humanization of health, which requires contents and procedures based on embodiment and alterity.

Cursos superiores de tecnologia: igualdade jurídica e dualidade na escola

Since the 1990s, higher education technology courses in Brazil have greatly expanded the offer of courses and places. However, the high dropout rates presented in these courses led to a research in order to uncover the factors that lead students to dropout. Through literature review and desk research, this study makes a historical analysis of how professional education is conducted in Brazil. This paper seeks to demonstrate that the implementation of public policies for professional education exacerbates the school’s duality. However, such duality generates contradictions between subjective and objective issues produced by the ideology disseminated by public policies and government actions in relation to vocational education. These contradictions end up unveiling the social inferiority of vocational education and discourage students from remaining in the courses. The legal equality between educational levels seeks to mediate the emergence of these contradictions. However, despite legal equality, social equality is not achieved in the implementation of public policies, leading to a high dropout rate.

Formação continuada de professores na educação inclusiva: a motivação em questão

Since 1990, in Brazil, the paradigm of inclusive education has influenced public policies and educational systems. Continuing education courses for teachers are spreading with the intention of preparing them to face the challenge of working with students with disabilities. But what factor has motivated teachers to participate in these courses? This study sought to answer this question by identifying and mapping the aspects that led to 105 regular education teachers from municipal schools in São Paulo to participate during the year 2010/2011, the third edition of the specialization course called "Teacher Education in Special Education." Data was collected through a questionnaire applied to teachers who attend the course. The results revealed that motivation is intrinsically related to the characteristics of the teachers’ age and where they stand in the cycle of teaching career, as well as aspects related to professional activities. Moreover, from this research were pointed reflections on the importance of training teachers for the improvement of the educational system in order to effectively meet the principles of inclusive education, as suggested by the legislation in our country.

Atendimento Educacional Especializado: análise do índice de evasão de professores em curso de pós-graduação, na modalidade a distância

This research aims to investigate the possible causes for the dropout of participants under instruction in distance courses. Data gathered from the Specialization Course in Specialized Educational Support Services - SES, sponsored by the Department for Continuing Education, Literacy and Diversity of the Ministry of Education - SECAD / MEC - and the Open University of Brazil – OUB, will be analyzed. The objective of the course is to graduate teachers who work in classrooms equipped with multifunctional resources in regular schools to give specialized educational support for students with special educational needs marked by disabilities, global development disorders and high abilities/highly gifted students. In order to analyze dropout data in the first semester of the ongoing course, a sample of 1349 participants enrolled in the distance course was considered; 216 of these had their enrollment cancelled on request or because they stopped accessing the Virtual Learning Environment - VLE / Teleduc Platform showing no interest in the course. However, the information below aims to present and discuss only the tabulated data of the 98 participants who requested to have their enrollment officially cancelled by submitting the online dropout term. The findings showed the main reasons for dropping out were personal problems, lack of time to commit to an ongoing distance course, difficulty using ICT and the tools available in the VLE. The research also highlighted the importance of developing digital inclusion initiatives as well as on-site supporting poles as a way to soften the barriers of technological accessibility and the dropout rate in this kind of courses.